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In the Byzantine period, Helenopolis was one of the most important landing places on the southern coast of the Nicomedia Gulf, located, according to historical sources, on the main sea route from Constantinople to Nicaea. Although historical sources mention a pier in Dilburnu, there is no record of a lighthouse on the cape. This article provides details of two harbour structures that were detected and documented during a recent survey. In order to understand the position of the pier at some distance from the shore, the change in the coastline over a period of 80 years was examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastics (MP) pollution has emerged in the last 10 years as an interesting topic of research worldwide. However, microplastic pollution is a new multidisciplinary subject that encompasses many unknowns and enters different fields of science. Research carried out in Turkey on the subject is quite limited and remained on a small scale covering only several stations most of the time.This paper aims to study microplastics distribution, type, and color in 43 stations within the Marmara Sea. The novelty of this work is due to the selection of the stations which cover marine (MRN), pier (PIER), stream (STR), sea discharge (SD), and deep-sea discharge (DSD) stations. The effect of the seawater physicochemical characteristics on microplastics distribution was statistically studied using the Pearson's product momentum correlation coefficient. The highest microplastics abundance was for pier stations (3497.02 particle/km2) and the lowest was for marine stations (276.1857 particle/km2). [Display omitted] • This paper focuses on microplastics in the coastal areas of Istanbul, Turkey. • Marine, pier, stream and sea discharge stations were comprehensively studied. • The highest microplastics abundance was found for pier stations. • The lowest microplastic particles were obtained for marine stations. • Alarming microplastic pollution was noticed in the Bosphorus located stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]