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To employ educational games in education as intended, it is required to show students' cognitive structures for this concept. As a result, the purpose of this research was to reveal the cognitive structures of secondary school students regarding educational games. The research was a survey-based descriptive study. A total of 340 secondary school students were included for this research, which included fifth graders (n = 80), sixth graders (n = 95), seventh graders (n = 69), and eighth graders (n = 96). Simple random sampling was used to choose the participants. Data were gathered using the Word Association Test and a drawing test. Six categories are used to organize the students' responses to the educational game's concept. "Individual gains," "lessons," "sports," "lesson tools/applications," "games," and "features of games" were all of these. Four categories were used to categorize the drawings made by the students to represent the concept of educational games: "physical ability games," "intelligent and strategy games," "puzzle," and "mixed games." As a result of this research, it is possible to conclude that students' cognitive structures for the concept of educational games include games played in classes, and educational games highlight the game aspect more. Besides that, there was little vocabulary diversity in their cognitive structures for the educational dimension. To enhance students' cognitive structures toward educational games, focus should be given to the instructional feature of educational games in research to be undertaken in the relevant field.

The aim of this mixed‐methods study was to examine the experiences of nursing students (NSs), nurses, and patients regarding the clinical practices of NSs and to determine NSs' stress levels regarding clinical practices. The quantitative part of the study was completed with 240 NSs, and the "Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students" was used. In the qualitative part, the focus group interviews were held with 24 NSs, and the individual interviews were conducted with 15 patients and 20 nurses. Descriptive and stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze quantitative data, and narrative analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Regression analysis determined that the age, grade point average, and attitude of mentors were associated with the perceived stress levels of NSs. In the narrative analysis of the data obtained from the interviews with NSs and nurses, four categories were identified: Emotions, Facilitators, Barriers, Roles, and Competencies. Three categories (Emotions, Problems, Roles, and Competencies) were identified from patient interviews. This study showed that NSs' clinical practice experiences were affected by many factors and experienced high stress during clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Therapeutic apheresis (TA) is already used to treat various diseases in the field of nephrology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and types of complications that occur during TA in children with kidney disease. Methods: Records of children (≤ 18 years) who underwent TA between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Children with missing data and those with a diagnosis of nonnephrological disease were excluded. Results: A total of 1214 TA sessions, including 1147 therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) sessions and 67 immunoadsorption (IA) sessions, were performed on the 108 patients enrolled in the study. Forty-seven percent of the patients were male, and the mean age was 12.22 ± 4.47 years. Posttransplant antibody-mediated rejection (64.8%) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (14.8%) were the most common diagnoses indicating TA. Overall, 17 different complications occurred in 58 sessions (4.8%), and 53 sessions (4.6%) were not completed because of these complications. The distribution of complications among the patients was as follows: 41.4% had technical complications, 25.9% had allergic complications, and 32.7% had others. The most common technical complication was insufficient flow (37.5%). The incidence of complications was greater in patients aged 3–6 years than in patients in the other age groups (p = 0.031). The primary disease, type of vascular access, and rate of fresh frozen plasma/albumin use were similar between patients with and without complications (p values of 0.359 and 0.125 and 0.118, respectively). Conclusions: Our study showed that complications occurred in only 4.8% of TA sessions. The most common complication was technical problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study aimed to increase university students’ sensitivity and the environmental attitudes of secondary school students through environmental education program. It was planned as quasi-experimental research. The first phase was completed with five fourth-year students who took Social Awareness Course at a university’s nursing department in Turkey. In second phase, sample consisted of 264 5th-grade students studying at Secondary School in Black Sea Region. University students implemented Environmental Education Program for secondary school students for four weeks. Mean environmental attitude scale score of 5th-grade students before education was 2.79 ± 0.32, and after education was 3.51 ± 0.41. A statistically significant difference was determined between mean total scale scores of university and 5th-grade students before and after education (p ˂ 0.05). It was determined that environmental sensitivity of university students and environmental attitudes of secondary school students were at medium level before Environmental Education Program and high level after education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a complement-mediated disease. Although genetic studies are not required for diagnosis, they are valuable for treatment planning and prognosis prediction. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical phenotypes, kidney survival, and response to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatment in pediatric C3G patients with and without mutations in complement-related genes. Methods: Sixty pediatric C3G patients were included, divided into two groups based on complement-related gene mutations. Demographic and clinical-pathological findings, treatment modalities, and outcome data were compared, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed for kidney survival. Results: Out of the 60 patients, 17 had mutations. The most common mutation was in the CFH gene (47%). The mean age at diagnosis was higher in the group with mutation (12.9 ± 3.6 vs. 11.2 ± 4.1 years, p = 0.039). While the patients without mutation most frequently presented with nephritic syndrome (44.2%), the mutation group was most likely to have asymptomatic urinary abnormalities (47.1%, p = 0.043). Serum parameters and histopathological characteristics were similar, but hypoalbuminemia was more common in patients without mutation. During 45-month follow-up,10 patients progressed to chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5), with 4 having genetic mutation. The time to develop CKD5 was longer in the mutation group but not significant. MMF treatment had no effect on progression in either group. Conclusions: This study is the largest pediatric C3G study examining the relationship between genotype and phenotype. We showed that the mutation group often presented with asymptomatic urinary abnormalities, was diagnosed relatively late but was not different from the without mutation group in terms of MMF treatment response and kidney survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the distraction methods employed before nasopharyngeal swab sampling from children within the scope of the COVID test on their anxiety and fear levels. The study was an RCT with parallel groups conducted according to the CONSORT statement at the pediatric emergency unit of a hospital in Turkey. Children aged 5–10 years were randomized into three groups: Kaleidoscope, Visual Illusion Cards, and control. Data were collected by the researchers using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Children's Anxiety Meter-State, and the Children's Fear Scale. According to the reports of the children, the parents, and the nurse, the mean anxiety score and the mean fear score in the experimental groups were significantly lower after the nasopharyngeal swab procedure compared to the control group (p <.05). Fear and anxiety were observed less in the visual illusion cards group and the kaleidoscope group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glofitamab is a CD3xCD20 bi‐specific antibody with two fragments directed to the CD20 antigen and a single CD3‐binding fragment. Encouraging response and survival rates were recently reported in a pivotal phase II expansion trial conducted in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B‐cell lymphoma. However, the real‐world data of patients of all ages with no strict selection criteria are still lacking. Herein, this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients who received glofitamab via compassionate use in Turkey. Forty‐three patients from 20 centers who received at least one dose of the treatment were included in this study. The median age was 54 years. The median number of previous therapies was 4, and 23 patients were refractory to first‐line treatment. Twenty patients had previously undergone autologous stem cell transplantation. The median follow‐up time was 5.7 months. In efficacy‐evaluable patients, 21% and 16% of them achieved complete response and partial response, respectively. The median response duration was 6.3 months. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 3.3 and 8.8 months, respectively. None of the treatment‐responsive patients progressed during the study period, and their estimated 1‐year PFS and OS rate was 83%. The most frequently reported toxicity was hematological toxicity. Sixteen patients survived, while 27 died at the time of the analysis. The most common cause of death was disease progression. One patient died of cytokine release syndrome during the first cycle after receiving the first dose of glofitamab. Meanwhile, two patients died due to glofitamab‐related febrile neutropenia. This is the largest real‐world study on the effectiveness and toxicity of glofitamab treatment in R/R DLBCL patients. The median OS of 9 months seems promising in this heavily pretreated group. The toxicity related mortality rates were the primary concerns in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factor (CF) of Mesopotamian spiny eel Mastacembelus simack (Banks & Solander, 1794) caught from the Tigris River and Murat River basins between 2014 and 2016 were investigated. While the length of the fishes ranged between 24.00 and 67.40 cm for Tigris basin and 27.20 and 60.50 cm Murat basin, the weights changed between 31.70 and 585.30 g for Tigris basin and 38.20 and 385.00 g for Murat basin. It was determined positive allometric growth in individuals with a length of between 27.20 and 31.80 cm (b=3.54) in Murat Basin, 41.20 and 52.80 cm (b=3.27), and 53.70 and 67.40 cm (b=4.77) in Tigris Basin, while negative allometric growth (b<3) was determined in total all samples of both basins. The length-weight relationship was found as W=0.005L2.73 (R²=0.94) for Tigris and W=0.005L2.75 (R²=0.97) for Murat rivers. Average CF has the same value (CF=19) for Tigris and Murat rivers basin fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purse seiners generally try to maximize their revenues by targeting multiple species, starting with the most valuable ones available. The technology and capacity of purse seiners can be exceptionally high for the stocks found in the Marmara Sea, Turkey's only inland sea, due to its small size and nearly totally enclosed nature. Due to their large capabilities, they are responsible for the majority of catches and hence declines from this sea and thus should be held responsible for the poor state of marine stocks in the region. This study examines the catch compositions, expenses, and revenue sharing of purse seiners by using one representative vessel class for each of the four vessel length categories in the Marmara Sea. Surveys were also conducted with purse seine fishers to assess their perceptions related to fisheries management strategies along with their ideas for transitioning towards sustainable fisheries. As purse seiners are prominent stakeholders in the Marmara Sea fisheries, they should be incorporated into management guidance for effectiveness, along with other stakeholders. This study provides novel socio-economic data along with their perspectives, which may assist in improving policy decisions and capabilities. Our results demonstrate that purse seiners do not consider that their actions are a contributing factor to the current state of the fisheries, they trust in their amassed historical local knowledge, and seem to want to rebuild the resources, however only with minimal rules imposed on their sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to find out specialty training preferences of senior medical students from three medical schools in Turkey, Spain, and Pakistan. Methods: A Discrete Choice Experiment was carried out using an electronic form for students in three countries in 2021–2022 term. Each choice set in the form consisted of two hypothetical specialty training positions. The attributes were location, earnings, working conditions, personal perspective, quality of education, probability of malpractice, and prestige. Conditional logit model was used to estimate participants' preferences and "willingness to accept" values. Results: The most valued attribute was "personal perspective on specialty area" for Turkish and Spanish students, while this attribute was not meaningful for Pakistani students. Turkish students needed a 204% of change in their income for a swap between the specialty that they like and not like. This tradeoff necessitated a 300% change for Spanish students. The most valued attribute for Pakistani students, which was "working conditions", necessitated a 97% increase in income to switch from working in good conditions to working in poor conditions. Conclusion: In this first multinational DCE study in the medical education literature, we found the preferences of medical students in Turkey, Spain, and Pakistan are affected to various extents by several factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine seasonal infections of the metazoan parasite fauna of Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacembelus mastacembelus) inhabiting in Euphrates and Tigris Basin, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. A total of 122 fish were caught between November 2016 and August 2017 and 4932 parasites were recorded. One species of protozoan parasite (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis), two species of Monogenea (Mastacembelocleidus heteranchorus and Diplozoon sp.), one species of Digenea (Diplostomum spathaceum), one species of Cestoda (Polyonchobothrium magnum), two species of Nematoda (Procamallanus viviparous and Rhabdochona denudata), two species of Copepoda (Eergasilus sieboldi and Argulus foliaceus), one species of Hridunea (Piscicola geometra) and one species of Unionidae (Unio pictorum) observed respectively. According to their prevalence, I. multifiliis (10.66%), M. heteranchorus (58.19%), Diplozoon sp. (0.1%), D. spathaceum (63.93%), P. magnum (24.59%), P. viviparous, (0.41%), R. denudata (9.01%), E. sieboldi (14.75%), A. foliaceus (3.27%), P. geometra (3.3%) and U. pictorum (58.19%) were found. All parasite species except A. foliaceus in this study are new records. From these parasites, Diplozoon sp. and P. geometra are the first records for the Mesopotamian spiny eel parasite fauna worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Karakaş and Norduz sheep have been adapted to the Lake Van region of Turkey for many years as being domestic genetic resources and meat, milk, and fleece traits are a reliable economic resource especially preferred by small family businesses around the area. In this study, the data set consisted of milk yield (MY) and milk content components; milk fat (MF), fat-free dry matter (FFDM), dry matter (DM), protein (Pro), lactose (Lac), pH, acidity H (aH), and lactic acid (Lac). Besides, Karakaş (n = 30) and Norduz (n = 26) sheep were chosen to investigate based on the SNP method. Correspondingly, genomic DNA from both breeds exon 2 of the GDF9 gene region was amplified, 815 base pairs (bp) in length, by means of PCR. Therefore, there were three noval SNPs detected in both breeds under investigation. Although SNP1 and 2 with genotypes of GG and AG had statistically significant impacts on both milk production and milk components (p < 0.01), SNP3 with genotypes of TT, TC had no significant effects on the milk characteristics in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is characterized by heterogeneous clinical presentation, outcome, and predominant C3 accumulation in glomeruli without significant IgG. There is scarce outcome data regarding childhood C3G. We describe clinical and pathological features, treatment and outcomes, and risk factors for progression to chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) in the largest pediatric series with biopsy-proven C3G. Methods: Sixty pediatric patients with C3G from 21 referral centers in Turkey were included in this retrospective study. Patients were categorized according to CKD stage at last visit as CKD5 or non-CKD5. Demographic data, clinicopathologic findings, treatment, and outcome data were compared and possible risk factors for CKD5 progression determined using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 10.6 ± 3.0 years and follow-up time 48.3 ± 36.3 months. Almost half the patients had gross hematuria and hypertension at diagnosis. Nephritic-nephrotic syndrome was the commonest presenting feature (41.6%) and 1/5 of patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was the leading injury pattern, while 40 patients had only C3 staining. Patients with DDD had significantly lower baseline serum albumin compared with C3GN. Eighteen patients received eculizumab. Clinical remission was achieved in 68.3%. At last follow-up, 10 patients (16.6%) developed CKD5: they had lower baseline eGFR and albumin and higher frequency of nephrotic syndrome and dialysis requirement than non-CKD5 patients. Lower serum albumin and eGFR at diagnosis were independent predictors for CKD5 development. Conclusions: Children with C3G who have impaired kidney function and hypoalbuminemia at diagnosis should be carefully monitored for risk of progression to CKD5. Graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents data on the food composition of a breeding population of the Anatolia newt Neurergus strauchii (Steindachner, 1887), from Bingöl, Turkey. A total of 953 prey items were determined in the food contents of 46 individuals (18 males and 28 females) examined in the study. Insecta (63%) and Malacostraca (35%) constitute 97% of the food composition by number. While the most frequently encountered prey groups in the diet are Diptera (87%), Amphipoda (85%), Neurergus eggs (74%), and Coleoptera (37%), the comparison of food composition by volume is Amphipoda (40%), Neurergus eggs (41%), and Diptera (10%) respectively. No significant difference in food niche was observed between the sexes. The species generally fed on aquatic, poor-flying or slow-moving invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although orthostatic proteinuria (OP) is the most common cause of childhood proteinuria, excluding transient proteinuria, data regarding prevalence and long-term prognosis are limited. We aimed to determine prevalence of OP in healthy schoolchildren evaluating relationships with age, gender and body mass index, and determine follow-up. Methods: A total of 1701 healthy children aged 6–15 years were selected using a population-based, stratified, cluster-sampling method; and random urine samples were taken. For proteinuria ≥ 1+ in first urine samples, second and third random samples were taken at least 2 weeks apart to exclude transient proteinuria. For continuing proteinuria after third samples, first morning urine samples were collected. Cases where proteinuria was not detected in first morning urine samples were diagnosed as OP. Results: Sixty-four of 1701 children (3.7%) had proteinuria on first random urine samples. After second and third urine samples, proteinuria persisted in only 16 (0.94%). OP was detected in 11 (0.65%). Prevalence of OP tended to decrease with increasing BMI, though not statistically significant. All 7 cases with OP who were re-evaluated later, had no proteinuria 3 years after diagnosis. Conclusions: Prevalence of OP in our study was lower than the literature. At least three random urine samples should be taken to exclude transient proteinuria in an asymptomatic child/adolescent before making a diagnosis of OP using first morning urine samples. OP is a benign condition and resolves spontaneously in most cases. Underweight children had a tendency for OP compared with overweight and obese children; however, further studies with larger number of patients are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Childhood obesity (OB) is an acknowledged global problem with increasing prevalence reported around the world. We conducted this study with the aim of determining the local trend in OB and overweight (OW) prevalence in the last decade and to observe the alteration of OB and OW prevalence by age group. An additional aim was to construct new age- and gender-specific body mass index (BMI) reference percentile charts for Turkish children living in the city center of Antalya. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1687 school aged children. International Obesity Task Force guidelines were used to determine the OB and OW prevalence. OW was defined as a BMI between 85th and 95th percentile, and OB >95th percentile. The data were compared with a previous study carried out in the same region in 2003. The least mean square method was used to construct the BMI reference percentile charts. Results: The prevalence rates for OB and OW were 9.8% and 23.2%, respectively, with a combined OW/OB rate of 33%. OB prevalence was higher in boys than girls (p<0.05). The prevalence of combined OW/OB was highest at age 9-10 years. The prevalence of OB has increased 2.9 times during twelve years in this location. Conclusion: Comparing the current findings with rates of OW and OB in the previous decade, childhood OB in Antalya has reached alarming levels. Urgent measures integrated into the national education system should be taken to prevent OB. In addition more surveillance studies should be planned to show the future trend of OB prevalence nationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, which is based on the Stages of Change Model, aimed to develop a Web-based smoking cessation program and to evaluate its effectiveness. An interventional study with 1 group was conducted with college students from Afyon Kocatepe University. First, the Web-Based Smoking Cessation Program was set up (www.sbp.aku.edu.tr). The sample in this study was composed of the 433 students who were site members. The appropriate stages of the program were then sent to members' e-mail addresses at monthly intervals over a period of 6 months. Second, the effectiveness of the program was evaluated at the baseline, the third, and the sixth months of the study. The study was completed with 314 students. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, 1-way analysis of variance, and analysis of variance for repeated measures. There were significant developments in the self-efficacy, cognitive, and behavioral processes of students in the third and sixth months of the study. Students (2.5%) had quit smoking by the third month and 4.5% by the sixth month. These results reveal that the program was able to help students quit smoking, increase their self-efficacy, and develop the process of change regarding smoking cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, Lernaean parasite (Lernaea cyprinacea) or called cyclopoid copepod parasite was reported on the examined fish species captured from the Karasu Creek (Van, Turkey), in July 2014. Cyclopoid parasites were isolated from the external surface of fins, operculum and body surface of Capoeta capoeta. A total of 82 parasites were found in 20 fish caught. The prevalence of parasites were calculated as 65% and the intensities as 6.31%. The cyclopoid parasite was observed and measured by microscope observations. The morphological features of the parasite specimens and the pictures are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: An increase in the number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) indicates endothelial damage and the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of CEC with various clinical parameters in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Methods: CEC, defined as CD45CD146, were enumerated by flow cytometry from the peripheral blood of 50 pediatric renal transplant recipients and 20 healthy controls. Clinical parameters, including renal function tests, fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol and triglyceride, cyclosporine A (CsA) (trough and 2nd-hour) and tacrolimus (tac) trough blood levels and their association with CEC numbers were analyzed. Results: CEC numbers of patients were higher than those of controls (respectively, 128 ± 89 cells/ml (42-468 cells/ml), 82 ± 33 cells/ml (32-137 cells/ml), p = 0.024). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between CEC numbers and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ( r = −0.300, p = 0.012). There was also a statistically positive association between CEC numbers and transplant duration as well as cyclosporine trough level (respectively, r = 0.397, p = 0.004, r = 0.714, p = 0.004). CEC numbers in patients on tac and CsA were similar ( p = 0.716). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that renal transplant recipients with high CsA trough blood level, longer transplant duration, and lower GFR, are at greater risk of developing endothelial damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the seasonal prevalence, and intensity of Allocreadium isoporum, which was founded as an endoparasite in Oxynoemacheilus tigris. A total of 136 host fishes was captured seasonally from Murat River near province of Bingol, Turkey, between from December 2012 to November 2013. During the study totally 209 parasites were recorded. The seasonal prevalence, and intensity, seasonal variation of sex and size of the host fish, the highest and lowest infection density, and larval and mature forms of A. isoporum ratio of the distribution were investigated. This study has been conducted to determine the infection parameters, of A. isoporum in O. tigris for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ground heat exchangers have vital importance for ground source heat pump applications. Various configurations tried to improve heat transfer in the soil. A new kind of aluminium finned pipe buried in the soil for this aim. In order to compare effectiveness of the Al finned pipe over the traditional PPRC pipe an experimental study carried out. The experimental GSHP system was installed at Yıldız Technical University Davupasa Campus on 800 m2 surface area with no special surface cover. Temperature data were collected using thermocouples buried in soil horizontally and vertically at various distances from the pipe center and at the inlet and the outlet of the ground heat exchanger. Experimental results were compared with results from analytical study. To compare effectiveness of the Al finned pipe and PPRC pipe a new parameter defined as transferred amount of heat per unit mass of working fluid per unit time for this aim. It is found that Al finned pipe has higher heat transfer values than the traditional PPRC pipe. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The methodologies to diagnose hypercalciuria have not yet been standardized. The aims of this study were to assess the correlation between urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) ≥ 0.21 (mg/mg) and 24 h urinary calcium excretions and to determine the reference values of the UCa/Cr ratio among a large population of schoolchildren in southern Turkey. Non-fasting, second morning urine samples were collected from 2,143 children aged 7–14 years. In children with suspected hypercalciuria [UCa/Cr ≥ 0.21 (mg/mg)], 24 h urine samples were collected. The 95th percentile values of the UCa/Cr ratio for each age were calculated and showed a decrease in value with advancing age. In all, 269 (12.5%) of the children had UCa/Cr ≥ 0.21 (mg/mg), of whom 66 (24.5%) had daily urinary calcium excretion ≥4 mg/kg per day. A weak correlation was found between spot UCa/Cr ratios and daily urinary calcium excretions in children with UCa/Cr ≥ 0.21 ( r = 0.27). We conclude that a spot UCa/Cr ratio of 0.21 (mg/mg) as the upper limit of normal cannot be used universally to define hypercalciuria. Age-specific reference values for UCa/Cr should be established for each population, to be used as a screening test for hypercalciuria, and the definite diagnosis should be established with 24 h urinary calcium excretion whenever possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dactylogyrus species are a group of monogenean gill parasites that are highly specific to freshwater fishes; represents the most dominant genus among the Manogenea with regard to host distribution and location. They were sampled 14 species from more than 27 host collected in Turkey. Among these dactylogyrid parasites, Dactylogyrus fratereus could be described and illustrated from specimens collected from gills ofa cyprinid fish, bleak Alburnus alburnus, in Enne Darn reservoir from Kutahya, Turkey. Diagnostic characters of this species are the tegument of trunk showing annulations, except on the cephalic region, and copulatory complex comprising sclerorized, basal part broad, the tube which is long and hard. The purpose of the present study was to determine, on else whole, the body structure of the Daaylogyrus fraternus in bleak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]