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• Validation of an HPLC-FLD Method for the Analysis of Bisphenol A in Bottled Water (PET). • Assessing the Influence of Ultrasound, Temperature, UV Radiation, and Storage Duration on the Migration of Bisphenol A from Polyethylene Terephthalate into food simulants. • Researchers suggest alternative pasteurization methods, such as ultrasound and UV technology, for food processing, but caution against the potential negative effects associated with their implementation. This research examined the impacts of ultrasound, UV light, storage time, and temperature on the leaching of bisphenol A (BPA) from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) drinking water bottles in Turkey. The initial phase of the investigation encompassed the quantification of BPA in two distinct brands of bottled water. Samples were extracted by solid- phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC‐FLD). According to the results in the first part, the highest BPA levels were found in bottled water. In the second part of the study, 10 to 30 min of ultrasound treatment increased the BPA migration with increased time in simulants. In the first and second weeks of storage at 25 °C, the effect of storage on BPA migration was below the detection limit (

This survey describes the occurrence and levels of AFs and OTA in chocolate products consumed in Turkey. A total of 130 samples, including bitter chocolate, milk chocolate and chocolate wafers were analysed for these mycotoxins by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The values of recovery (81–92%) and precision (RSD < 9%) fulfilled the requirements of EC Regulation No. 401/2006. OTA was the most prevalent mycotoxin, with an incidence of 46.7% in bitter chocolate, 22.8% in milk chocolate and 17.4% in chocolate wafers, ranging from 0.18 to 0.75 μg kg−1. AFs were detected in 13.3% of bitter chocolate, in 19.6% of milk chocolate and in 8.7% of chocolate wafers, in concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 2.04 μg kg−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation of this study is concerned with the occurrence of aflatoxin total (AFT) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in 120 specimens randomly bought from retail stores, bazaars, supermarkets and regional stores in Sakarya City center. Immune affinity (IAC) clean-up with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence detection (FID) methods were used to investigate the specimens to determine the incidence of aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2) contamination. The findings indicate that the percentages of ground red peppers, dried figs, walnuts without shell and seedless black raisins contaminated with AFT are about 72%, 51%, 64% and 64%, respectively. One ground red peppers (18.68-10.49 μg/kg) and one specimen of walnuts without shell (10.26-5.06 μg/kg) exhibit the maximum contamination levels of AFT and AFB1, respectively. Of all the contaminated specimens, two ground red peppers and one dried fig specimens (2.5%) exceed the recommended AFB1 (5 μg/kg) limit defined by the Turkish Food Codex (TFC) regulations. This study presents the details of the first inspection regarding the presence of aflatoxins in seedless black raisin specimens in Sakarya City center of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to detect aflatoxins (AFs) in dairy cow feed, milk and milk products using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method. All the validation parameters met the method performance criteria of the European Union. The samples comprised 76 dairy cow feeds and 205 milk and milk products (including yoghurt and yoghurt-based beverage,ayran). AFs were present in 26.3% of the feed samples. Two feed samples exceeded the maximum limit (ML) of 5 µg kg−1for AFB1as established by the EU. Nineteen milk samples (21.1%) contained aflatoxin M1(AFM1) of which three exceeded the EU ML of 0.05 µg l−1. In addition, only two yoghurt samples and oneayransample contained AFM1, but the levels were lower than the EU ML. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in red pepper flakes commercialised in Turkey. A total of 75 samples were collected from different supermarkets and traditional bazaars in Istanbul during 2012–2013. OTA analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean-up. The method was linear in the range 0.05–40 μg kg−1(r2 = 0.9997). Twenty-seven out of 31 (87.1%) packed red pepper flake samples contained OTA at concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 1.0 μg kg−1, whereas 100% of the unpacked red pepper flake samples contained OTA, in the range 1.1–31.7 μg kg−1. Overall, only 4 unpacked samples (5.3%) contained OTA, with a mean value of 23.4 μg kg−1, which is higher than the European Union limit. It is suggested that OTA content should be carefully considered in red pepper flake samples especially marketed in unpacked form. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study aims to assess the risk of aflatoxins (AFs) in traditional confectionery products ( walnut sujuk and Turkish delight ) of Turkey. A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method was used for the determination of AFs. Evaluation of the method showed good selectivity, linearity, recovery and precision. The limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.106 to 0.374 μg kg −1 . The expanded measurement uncertainty was less than 40% for all target analytes. The validated method was successfully applied to the determination of AFs in 112 traditional confectionery products containing nuts (hazelnuts and walnuts). AFs were detected in 43.8% of walnuts and 60.9% of hazelnuts used as ingredients in walnut sujuk and Turkish delight and at levels ranging from 0.58 to 15.2 μg kg −1 and 0.43–63.4 μg kg −1 , respectively. This means that AFs levels in walnut sujuk and Turkish delight were up to levels of 6.1 and 9.5 μg kg −1 , respectively. Six walnut samples and twenty-one hazelnut samples were above the EU maximum limits (MLs) of 2 and 5 μg kg −1 for aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Characterization of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in extra virgin, virgin, second centrifugation, lampante, refined, crude olive pomace, and refined olive pomace oils was carried out in 24 different types of olive oils and seven different types of pomace oils produced in Turkey and Spain. The extraction method was followed by liquid-liquid extraction, a solid phase clean up using C18 and Florisil cartridges, and evaporation. Then the evaporated residue dissolved in tetrahydrofuran/methanol 50:50 v/v, was analyzed by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector using two excitations (280, 256 nm) and emission (410, 446 nm) wavelenghts channels. PAHs content of crude and refined olive pomace oils were found higher than in the other oils. In the samples analyzed, the highest concentrations of PAHs corresponded to benzo[ ghi]perylene, naphthalene, pyrene, acenaphthene, benzo[ k]fluoranthene, and phenanthrene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that can be found in several food commodities including cereals, wine, coffee, cacao, spices or dried fruits, resulting in chronic human exposure. The aim of our study was to investigate the presence of OTA in widely consumed cereal-derived products commercialized in Turkey. A total of 142 samples were collected from different supermarkets and traditional bazaars in Istanbul during 2008–2010 years. The analytical methods used in our study involved the liquid/liquid extraction of OTA, immunoaffinity clean-up and high performance liquid chromatography determination with fluorescence detection. The frequencies of OTA contamination were 21.62%, 19.05% and 55.95% and the mean concentrations of positive samples were 0.32 μg/kg, 0.14 μg/kg, 0.41 μg/kg for breakfast cereals, cereal-based baby foods and tarhana samples, respectively. Our findings show that contamination levels of OTA in all cereal-derived products were lower than the permitted level by European Commission Regulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin and widespread food contaminant which results in a probable human exposure. A total of 85 samples (50 dried grapes, 10 grape juices and 25 pekmez (boiled and concentrated grape juices) were collected from different supermarkets and traditional bazaars in Istanbul during 2008-2009. An analytical method based on immuno-affinity column for clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescence detection was used to determine the OTA. Contamination frequencies were 8%, 20% and 88% with mean concentrations of positive samples of 1.15, 1.40 and 2.04 µg/kg for dried grapes, grape juices and pekmez samples, respectively. These levels were lower than the maximum levels as set by the European Commission (EC). However, 12 of 25 pekmez samples had higher levels than permitted by the European Union (EU) for safe consumption.