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Bleeding is a very rare complication of Fasciola species (F. hepatica or F. gigantica) infection. We present here three cases of subcapsular liver bleeding caused by the hepatic phase of Fasciola spp. infection in patients, two of whom were women, aged 22, 66, and 84 years in Diyarbakir Province, southeastern Turkey. They had symptoms of right upper quadrant pain (n = 3), nausea (n = 1), and vomiting (n = 2) for periods ranging from 6 hours to 15 days. All patients with clinical presentations ranging from moderate abdominal pain to hypovolemic shock and ischemic hepatitis were improved with supportive treatment without the need for surgery. They showed complete clinical and laboratory recovery after triclabendazole administration in their follow-up. In conclusion, Fasciola spp. infection should be considered in the etiology of bleeding from liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the distribution of digestive system parasites in horses in İpekyolu, Tusba, Özalp, Saray, and Gürpınar districts in Van Province, Turkey between June 2019 and May 2020. Materials and methods: Materials for this study consist of a total of 95 horse stool samples, 58 male and 37 female, from different races, ranging in age from 1 to 12 years. Results: Various parasitic infections were detected in 65 (68.42%) of the 95 horses examined by stool examination. While 55 of the 65 infected horse stool samples were infected with a single species, the remaining 10 stool samples were infected with two species. In infected horses, the most common parasites were Strongylidae spp. (44.21%) followed by Parascaris equorum (11.57%), Eimeria leuckarti (6.31%), Anoplocephala spp. (5.26%), Oxyuris equi (4.21%), D. dendriticum (3.16%), and Fasciola spp. (4.21%). When the infected horses were evaluated according to age groups, parasitic infections were detected in 34 (35.79%) horses aged 8 years and above, 29 (30.53%) between the ages of 5-7, and 12 (12.63%) between the ages of 1-4. As for gender groups, parasitic infections were found in 38 (65.51%) of the 58 male horses and 27 (72.92%) of the 37 female horses. When the parasite species were examined, it was determined that the highest infection rate was in the Strongylid type egg. There was a statistically significant relationship between parasite species and infection rate (p<0.05). A statistically significant relationship between parasite species and age was determined only in the Strongylid type egg parasite (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that the horses in Van Province were infected with various parasite species. Helminth infections were found to be the most common type of parasites, and we think that more frequent examination and treatment should be conducted to fight parasites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fasciolosis is a highly prevalent helminthic infection caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. With the aim of identifying hybrid Fasciola flukes, multiplex PCR was performed to amplify the pepck gene. Furthermore, to determine Fasciola haplotypes, mitochondrial nad1 gene was amplified and sequenced, and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Adult Fasciola isolates were collected from 51 cattle and 51 sheep, genomic DNA was isolated, and one-step multiplex PCR was subsequently performed to amplify pepck. Isolates that generated a 510 bp band were identified as F. gigantica, those that generated a 241 bp band were identified as F. hepatica, and those that generated both bands were identified as hybrid (aspermic) flukes. Multiplex PCR data identified four isolates as F. gigantica and 84 as F. hepatica. Fourteen hybrid isolates (five cattle and nine sheep) were identified. On unidirectional DNA sequence analysis of nad1 PCR products, three sequences were identified as F. gigantica and 99 as F. hepatica. In addition, only 4 of 87 haplotypes detected for F. hepatica nad1 sequences were found to be previously reported, while the remaining 83 are unique to this study. To summarize, this study is the first to report the existence of hybrid Fasciola flukes and 83 unique haplotypes of F. hepatica in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most common and widespread liver flukes of the genus Fasciola are Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Adults of both species occur in many domestic ruminants and in humans and can cause serious disease. The differential diagnosis of these flukes infection is very important because of their different transmission and epidemiological characteristics. A simple and rapid PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay, using the common restriction enzymes AluI and RsaI, is described to distinguish between both fasciolid species. After the digestion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) PCR product with the restriction enzyme AluI, the RFLP profile obtained from F. hepatica revealed two fragments, whereas F. gigantica was not cut. The RsaI digestion generated two fragments from F. gigantica, whereas it did not cut the PCR product from F. hepatica. Results were confirmed with CO1 sequence analysis of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica. The present study suggests that the PCRRFLP method described here can be used for the proper identification of Fasciola species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate fascioliasis in a group of eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic patients in the Isparta region of Turkey. Patients and Methods: All cases were examined for antibodies against Fasciola hepatica by the modified ES-ELISA method. Seropositive patients with fascioliasis were investigated by radiological and laboratory evaluations. Results: Of the 756 eosinophilic patients, 6.1% were found to be positive for fascioliasis by ES-ELISA, while the rate was only 0.9% among the non-eosinophilic group (statistically significant, p < 0.001). Among the seropositives, 19 cases were evaluated further. Ultrasonographic findings were found in 14 of the 19 cases. In six of nine cases, computed tomography findings were related to fascioliasis. F. hepatica eggs were found in ine of the 19 cases. Conclusion: Fascioliasis was demonstrated in the Isparta region of Turkey for the first time. The higher prevalence of fascioliasis among patients with eosinophilia indicates the importance of this sign for this infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation was carried out to determine the frequency of the fasciolosis in Erciş, a town in the Van province located in the Eastern Turkey. The study includes 500 asymptomatic subjects (322 males and 178 females) whose ages ranged from 5 to 75 years. In all subjects, stool samples were examined at initiation of the study and one week later to rule out pseudoparasitosis. The methods of flotation (in saturated saline solution) and sedimentation (in formalin–ether solution) were used in examination of the stool samples. Fasciola hepatica eggs were detected in nine (1.8%) out of 500 subjects. In conclusion, our data showed that the prevalence of human fasciolosis was high in our region because watercress consumption was common. We also think that human fasciolosis is more frequent than expected in Turkey. To determine the exact prevalence of the disease, extensive serological investigations should be performed in different regions of Turkey. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]