Search

In this work, characteristics of silicon-based p+ type, intrinsic (I), n- type (Si-PIN) photodiodes with active area of 3.5 × 3.5 mm², 5.0 × 5.0 mm², or 7.0 × 7.0 mm² and their possible usage in optoelectronics were studied. The devices were fabricated in the Radiation Detector Application and Research Center (NÜRDAM) of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Turkey. To acquire the device specifications, the current-voltage (I-V) and the capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements were carried out in the photoconductive mode. Quantum efficiency and spectral responsivity measurements were performed in the photovoltaic mode. Both measurements were carried out in a dark environment at room temperature. The measured values of the dark current (Idc) and the capacitance of photodiodes were -6.97 to -19.10 nA and 23 to 61 pF at -5 V, respectively. The quantum efficiency measurements of the devices increased up to 66%. P responsivity was found to be 0.436 ± 1 mA/W at 820 nm. The results indicate that the Idc current and the performance of the devices were improved. Therefore, the devices can be utilized for optoelectronics applications and commercial usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Electricity consumption of Turkey is modeled. [•] A second order nonlinear model with 15 coefficients is used. [•] Singular Value Decomposition is applied to make the model robust. [•] Results are compared to ordinary models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkey's energy need is increasing day by day. The required energy is mostly imported from foreign countries since it cannot be met by the country's own resources. However, Turkey has rich renewable water resources to produce energy. To fulfill the aim of closing this energy gap and using the country's water resources more efficiently, the hydropower potential of the Zab River Basin is investigated in this paper. The overall objective of the study is to evaluate the hydropower potential of the Zab River Basin using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing methods, and utilize this potential for the economical development of the region and the country. Within the study, appropriate locations were determined for 12 dams in the basin; estimated costs and annual electric energy generation were calculated with the Simahpp Software. According to these calculations, the total cost, installed power capacity and the annual electric energy generation of the dams were found, respectively, as 838.753 × 106 US$, 580.928 MW and 1112.327 GWh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A model for location and capacity decisions for electric bus charging stations. • Network connectivity is ensured by considering the driving ranges of buses. • Limited waiting times at charging stations are modelled by queuing theory results. • Capacities and locations of charging stations are optimally determined. • A case study based on actual data of intercity electric bus networks is analyzed. This research proposes a mixed integer-linear mathematical model for location and capacity decisions of electric bus charging stations in order to ensure the connectivity of the road network throughout a certain region. The routes followed by electric buses in a country, demand in each route and driving ranges of electric buses are considered so as to determine the locations and capacities of charging stations under limited waiting time constraints. We implement the model on a case study for intercity bus networks in Turkey and use the actual data of coach companies. The results provide optimal locations and capacities of charging stations with minimum cost. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is performed to analyze the effects of different parameters on the results. It is observed that driving ranges have the highest importance in the efficient use of electric buses, and charging durations, number of trips and service rates significantly affect capacities of stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]