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A new species of Festuca from the Western Taurus Mountains (Antalya, Turkey) is described here and named F. albomontana. The new species can clearly be distinguished from the other species included in the F. alpina group by its leaf anatomical features. It has a geographically isolated position in the Western Tauruses whereas a closely related species, F. sommieri, is very local in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is suggested that it should be in the "critically endangered" threat category according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria. Observations on the ecology of the population are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in various components in the Meric-Ergene River Basin which is one of Turkey's intensive industrialization centers and which accordingly has faced significant environmental pollution and has about 1300 industrial plants within its boundaries. In the river basin, 16 USEPA PAHs were measured in a total of 192 samples consisting of soil, lichen, pine needle and total deposition samples for 1 year to represent the four seasons at a total of 12 points in 4 different regions which were determined as intensive industrial area, industrial + residential area, agricultural area and background. According to the results obtained, the total PAH values, in all sampling points, varied between 69.6 and 1277.7 ng/g (dry wt) for soil, lichen and pine needle samples and between 0 and 937.8 ng/m2-day for the total deposition samples. The highest values were determined in the fall season for the lichen samples and industrial area. The data obtained were evaluated in terms of spatial and seasonal variations, and according to their molecular weights. The incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of exposing to soil PAHs were calculated, and maximum ILCR values were observed in industrial areas for child and adults. The diagnostic ratios were performed for determining the source, and the comparison of bioindication features was made for lichen and pine needle samples by comparing with Koa and Kow values of PAHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten; belongs the Asteraceae family and has common uses in some countries folk medicine. Objective: In this study, the determination of some antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of C. vulgare which is wild-grown from Turkey is aimed. Methods: Crude extracts of plants were obtained by using n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvent. Total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity were determined in extracts. The antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218), Bacillus subtilis (NRRL NRS-744) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). Results: The TPC and DPPH activities of extracts revealed significant differences by following sequence MeOH > diethyl ether > EtOAc > n-hexane. The highest inhibition effect of C. vulgare was found on P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Results presented that C. vulgare can be researched for future investigations for isolations of biologically active compounds, where some of their characteristics are expected to be contribute to the natural compounds in pharmaceutical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In recent years, there is increasing interest the using of herbal extracts derived from plants in medicine and as a dietary supplements. Objective: We aimed the determination of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Cirsium creticum (Lam) d'Urv. subsp. creticum included Asteraceae family which is wild plant species in Trakya region. Methods: Crude n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethylacetate and methanol extracts from whole plants was used the determination of antiradical and antibacterial activity in C. creticum and compared in terms of extracts efficiency. Results: EC50 values of DPPH activity in different solvents revealed significant differences similar to TPC content. The lowest inhibitory effect was found to be Gram negative for E. coli, despite the highest inhibitory effect against Gram positive S. aureus. Conclusion: Antiradical and antimicrobial activity results presented that C. creticum, could be evaluate in food supplements and pharmaceutical industry as natural compound, and future investigations will be aimed the isolations of biologically active compounds to define individual active components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alopecurus goekyigitiana, a new species from the Taurus Mountains of Turkey, is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data support its relationship within Alopecurus sect. Colobachne with A. gerardi (plastid), or with the complex of A. davisii, A. lanatus, and A. vaginatus (nuclear ribosomal spacers). The new species differs from the above taxa by various combinations of characters, in having slender rhizomes and a mat-forming habit, indumentum of lower sheaths sparsely sericeous, glabrescent, culm leaf blades absent or vestigial, basal blades filiform, a dorsal awn on the lemma that is vestigial or up to 2 mm long, erect (not geniculate), and the palea absent. Notes on its ecology and conservation status are presented. A distribution map for the new species and its closest allies in Turkey is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Botany is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Botany is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, we examined whether a satisfactory infrageneric grouping in Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub. & Spach can be achieved with the help of cluster analysis based on external vegetative and floral morphological characters of specimens either gathered from the field or borrowed from various herbaria. Twenty morphological characters were chosen and scored for 36 populations representing the genus. The data were subjected to numerical taxonomic analyses, and a phenogram was obtained by applying Gower general similarity index. The results of this study suggest that there are basically five species in Turkey, namely E. triticeum (Gaertner) Nevski, E. orientale (L.) Jaub. & Spach, E. distans (K. Koch) Nevski, E. bonaepartis (Sprengel) Nevski, and E. confusum Melderis. For the first time a new variety, E. bonaepartis (Sprengel) Nevski. var. aristatum Cabi & Doğan, is proposed along with two new combinations: E. bonaepartis (Sprengel) Nevski. var. sinaicum (Steudel) Cabi & Doğan and E. confusum Melderis var. sublanuginosum (Drob.) Cabi & Dogan. An account of Eremopyrum in Turkey is given, including a key to the species and varieties, and a general indication of their distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verbascum eskisehirensis Karavel., Ocak & Ekici sp. nov. (sect. Bothrosperma Murb.) is described and illustrated from Turkey. This new species is confined to B3 Eskisehir in central Anatolia. A morphological comparison is made with the closely related species; V. oreophilum K. Koch and V. pyramidatum M. Bieb. In addition, a cluster analysis was conducted and a distribution map of the new species and the related species is also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in the soil, lichen pine needle, and total deposition samples in the Meriç-Ergene Basin, which is one of the most important regions in terms of industrial and agricultural activities in Turkey. POP concentrations were measured in 192 samples selected to represent four seasons over a 1-year period across four different regions: an intensive industrial area, an industrial + residential area, an agricultural area, and a background area. Total PAH concentrations are found in the range of 69.6-887.6 ng/g, 74.6-1277.7 ng/g, 113.4-588.9 ng/g, and 0.00-937.8 ng/m 2 -day; total PCB concentrations are 9.98-62.9 ng/g, 6.8-68.1 ng/g, 11.3-32.7 ng/g, and 0.00-144.4 ng/m 2 -day; total OCPs concentrations are 5.9-83.2 ng/g, 7.3-85.6 ng/g, 9.9-97.1 ng/g, and 0.00-137.6 ng/m 2 -day respectively for soil, lichen, pine needles, and bulk samples. The data were evaluated according to pollutant groups and spatial and temporal changes. The highest PAH and PCB values were detected in lichen samples from industrial areas. The highest OCP values were detected for total deposition and soil samples and in the agricultural area. The results showed that two- to three-ring PAHs, hepta-PCBs, and cyclodienes were the most widespread pollutant groups. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the accumulation and indication properties of the matrices in the study for 0.05 significance level. The pollutant group in which matrices are most similar is PAHs. Total deposition samples showed the most different pattern in terms of indications, especially for PCBs. For OCP results, the concentration values obtained in soil samples were different from all other matrices. It was determined that the indication properties of the matrices identified as pollutant indicators differ markedly from the pollutant type, and this difference is at the lowest level for PAH pollutants. Graphical abstract ᅟ.