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Seseli taxa are widely known as a traditional medicinal herb, and S. resinosum collected from stony and rocky areas is endemic to the flora of Turkey. In this study, to reveal the plant's pharmacological importance, its ability to inhibit some medicinal enzymes was examined, assisted by molecular docking studies and phytochemical component analysis. The IC50 values for studied enzymes were calculated between 0.434 - 92.81 μg/mL, and the extract has lower inhibitory concentrations against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and HMG_CoA reductase involved in carbohydrate and cholesterol metabolism. In addition, reverse-phase HPLC analysis was performed to correlate the enzyme inhibition ability with phenolic compositions. Benzoic acid and methyl chavicol were detected as the most abundant ingredients with the amount of 204.50±2.23 and 93.18±1.01 μg g-1, respectively. TPC and TFC of the extract were founded at 31.23 ± 0.56 GAE/g and 5.54 ± 0.11 QE/g, respectively. The extract showed inhibitory and lethal effects, especially against all tested gram-negative strains at 7.5 and 15 mg mL-1, respectively. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that S. resinosum extract harbors bioactive compounds with inhibitory properties such as benzoic acid and catechin. It is expected that these primary data on the S. resinosum may contribute to building new experimental studies to open new avenues for research to support the pharmacological effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abies species are known to have various bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities. In the manuscript, their bioactive components and anticancer activities of four unexamined Abies in Anatolia (Abies cilicica subsp. isaurica, Abies nordmanniana subsp. nordmanniana, Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmuelleriana, Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani) were investigated. The principal component analysis and drug likeness properties of the specific bioactive compounds were conducted on our datas. The results showed that solvent polarity affected the phytochemical composition of extracts and thus their anticancer activity. Gentisic acid, catechin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and eicosene were identified as major components. The principal component analysis of the specific bioactive compounds results indicated that the compounds are able to have an effective anticancer activity against HeLa an C6 cells. At the same time, the drug likeness properties results showed that these compounds have a potential drug properties. Also, docking result demonstrated that oleic acid, stearic acid, catechin, palmitic acid and eicosene can perform a strong synergistic effect against Cyclooxygenase-2 activity. Hovewer, oleic acid had the best binding poses against six targets. According to the findings, this four Abies species could be considered for further phytopharmaceutical researchs. [Display omitted] • The four Abies species from Turkey were researched. • GC–MS and HPLC-TOF/MS were used to determine phytochemicals of the extracts. • Abies ssp.'s anticancer effects against C6 and Hela cells were evaluated. • Molecular dockings showed interactions of anticancer effects and phytochemicals. • Abies ssp. could be considered for further pharmaceutical researchs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenolic compositions of two different Polygonum cognatum samples collected from the Cumra and Manisa regions of Turkey were investigated for the first time. Both tested samples were rich in different phenolic compounds, mostly rutin, isorhamnetin, and catechin. The rutin content of Cumra's sample was relatively higher than that of Manisa's sample. P. cognatum has potential regarding rutin content as a functional dietary food or may be used as an ingredient to enrich functional foods. Our study will contribute to the previous works performed by different researchers on P. cognatum, commonly consumed in Turkey, to reveal its beneficial properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential oils (EOs) constituents have trade importance due to their bioactivities. In this research, the essential oil of the roots of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty cultivated in Giresun was obtained by hydrodistillation. Then, the chemical composition and biological activities of Chrysopogon zizanioides root essential oil (CEO) were studied. Thirty compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the major compounds were determined as isobutyl-angelate (11.15%), α-muurolene (10.56%), α-cedrene (8.42%), α-patchoulene (8.10%), and ethylene brassylate (7.49%). The antimicrobial effect of CEO was investigated against pathogenic bacteria and fungus. Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined 31.25 μg/mL against C. albicans and between 62.5 and 125 μg/mL against the rest of the microorganisms. According to the antioxidant assays, the total phenolic content of CEO was found to be 13.70 ± 2.10 μg/mL gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 24.67 ± 3.79 μg/mL catechin equivalent (CE). Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) of CEO was found to be 356.44 ± 2.34 μM Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) was determined as IC50 to be 7.124 ± 0.076 μg/mL. According to the obtained results, CEO has significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. This study is the first report determining the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil obtained from vetiver grown in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work establishes a proof of concept level economic assessment of a novel commercial production scheme for caffeine and catechins from black tea waste collected in the north-eastern region of Turkey. A base case in which dichloromethane (DCM) is used as the product extracting agent and an alternative greener case where DCM is replaced with environmentally friendlier ethyl acetate (EA) were designed and modelled on Superpro Designer platform. Profitability analyses were conducted for both cases, each treating 30,000 MT/year of black tea waste. Under the base case scenario, the Net Present Value (NPV) was calculated as 16,249,000 USD whereas the alternative scenario gave an NPV of 4,379,000 USD with corresponding payback times of 5.64 and 6.79 years. A novel techno-economic evaluation method involving the metamodeling of Superpro Designer models via Kriging and subsequent multi-objective optimization is incorporated into the economic assessment and applied to the two cases in order to optimize selected dominant process variables. Optimal values for dominant operating process variables were found using 3-D graphs simulating the combined effects of these variables on NPV. Results showed that the base case has a greater potentiality to generate profit. However, the greener case could be implemented if it is supported on environmental and toxicity issues considering the potential health and pollution preventive benefits. The present work demonstrates how the integration of novel conceptual design, modelling, and optimization approaches can foster broader evaluation of bioprocesses utilizing negative-value agro-wastes for the production of value-added chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is a serious disease that can be due to genetic and environmental reasons and is defined by the World Health Organization as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. There is an increasing trend towards herbal slimming products in obesity treatment. The quality control analysis of these products is important for public health. In this study, new, simple, and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of arbutin, hydroquinone, ursolic acid, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and catechin in eleven herbal slimming products in Turkey containing Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis, and Calluna vulgaris. The intra- and interday precisions, stated as the relative standard deviation, were less than 2% and accuracy, based on relative error, was less than 10%. The limits of detection and quantification for arbutin and hydroquinone were 0.80 and 2.40 μg/mL and for the other compounds were 0.30 and 0.90 μg/mL, respectively. The methods developed can be used for routine quality control analysis of these effective compounds in different herbal slimming products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, bio-active molecules of ten different dried fruits, which are widely consumed in Turkey, were investigated in terms of their flavonoid profile, antioxidant capacities, total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents. According to the results, all dried fruits possess an antioxidant activity at a certain level and have a different flavonoid profile with compounds belonging to the groups of flavonols, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, as well as chlorogenic acid. Dried cranberries and black raisins were observed to have the highest levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity. Especially black raisin samples were featured with their high amounts of catechin and epicatechin. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Corrigendum to: Investigation of Pycnogenol Content in Five Different Pine Barks Species Grown in Turkey by HPLC-UV and LC-MS Throughout the paper, "Pycnogenol" has been updated to "Pycnogenol®" or "phenolic", depending on context. "The amounts of catechin, epicatechin, catechin gallate and taxifolin in pycnogenol were given 7.92, 4.81, 0.81 and 17.04 mg/g in the literature, respectively." has been corrected so that it reads "The amounts of catechin, epicatechin, catechin gallate and taxifolin in pycnogenol were given 7.92, 4.81, 0.85 and 17.04 mg/g in the literature, respectively.". [Extracted from the article]