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This mixed-method study examines problems, practices, and suggestions associated with writing education in Turkish language courses. The study involved 96 Turkish teachers working in secondary schools. Using the responses from teachers, the results of the survey were presented on the basis of dimensions such as teachers' competencies in teaching writing, students' habits and competencies in writing, and teacher education programs' adequacy. Additionally, the study examined the additional support teachers provide to students with writing difficulties and the evidence-based practices they employ. This study found Turkish teachers participating in the study to have poor writing practices. The teaching of writing was problematic on several levels, including teacher training and student and teacher competence. Furthermore, teachers reported that secondary school writing instruction was unrelated to teacher training. It was also reported that students often lacked writing habits and had below-average writing skills. Despite the importance of evidence-based practices in effective writing instruction, teachers were deficient in providing additional support to students with writing difficulties. Last but not least, teachers' self-efficacy in evidence-based writing was not influenced by gender, educational background, school location, age, or years of teaching experience. The results point to the necessity of continuous improvement in writing education.

Conceptually, although the effectiveness of communication is generally associated with the development of language skills, studies that model this relationship comprehensively are limited. Based on this, the current study examines the relationship between different linguistic variables (listening skills, attitude towards reading habits, speech self-efficacy, and writing disposition) and their own and communication skills. The study data was collected from 566 prospective teachers in Turkey. As a result of the study, the theoretical structure between linguistic variables and communication skills has been statistically proven. In the model, it was seen that the model-data fit was at a good level (X[superscript 2]/df=4.46, CFI=0.955, RMSEA=0.078, SRMR=0.033). The proposed model indicates that listening skills affect communication skills at a medium level and speech self-efficacy at a high level. In addition, writing disposition affects communication skills indirectly through speech self-efficacy, and reading habits affect communication skills indirectly through both listening skills and speech self-efficacy. The highest relationship is between listening skills and speech self-efficacy. Also, the relationships between all the variables are significant. The study supports existing hypotheses about the role language plays in communication skills.

This study aims to determine the reasons for teacher turnover in the Van province, Turkey, and correspondingly, to propose solutions according to teacher views. The research is based on Q Methodology, which is used to reveal organizations' typographies and to determine the issues on which the organization's members arrive at a consensus or disagree. It was determined that providing economic stimulus, together with precautions to eliminate safety concerns and transportation problems, increasing social, artistic, and cultural activities and giving extra service/precedence scores, will to some extent help to increase the average length of service for teachers working in Van. In addition, improvements related to teachers' working conditions will help to decrease teacher turnover and related problems. Regulations to decrease teacher turnover are recommended with the aim of encouraging teachers to work in turnover regions instead of keeping them in certain other working regions.

This study aims to evaluate the English language teacher training program which was put into practice in 2006, according to the views of lecturers and English teachers. This study aims to contribute to the studies on foreign language teaching by presenting an evaluation of teacher education, which is an important dimension of English as a foreign language teaching. The qualitative method was used in the study, which was designed in a descriptive survey model. The population of the research consists of 35 lecturers working at the English Language Teaching Department of different Education Faculties in the 2016-2017 academic year and 11 English teachers working in public schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education and who have not completed 5 years in the profession. NVIVO-11 program was used in the analysis of the data. The results of the study were compared with the 2018 English teacher education program renewed by the Council of Higher Education. English teachers and lecturers think that the content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and general culture courses in the teacher training program are insufficient. According to English teachers and lecturers the content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and general culture courses in the English language teacher education program are insufficient. Furthermore, English teachers stated that they could not apply what they learned during their training to real-life conditions. Therefore, they propose that the English language teacher training program should be revised considering the current conditions.

This study aimed to identify the causal relationships amongst attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention towards cheating by the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The study sample (n = 1,220) consists of senior students at the faculties of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Turkey. The data were collected with the scales; attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention towards cheating, which were developed by researchers of the study. The data were analysed by the exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis. It can be concluded that the Theory of Planned Behaviour is capable of explaining the attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention variables towards cheating, and it is confirmed in a good model fit with this study. According to the path analysis results, the attitude towards cheating has a strong and significant effect for cheating intention, and subjective norms and the perceived behavioural control towards cheating have no significant effect for cheating intention. [Note: The page range (727-748) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct page range for this article is p727-747.]

Respect, subjective vitality, and subjective happiness can be associated with positive psychological functioning. In this study, subjective vitality was examined as a mediator on the relationship between respect toward partner and subjective happiness on a teachers' sample. The study is a quantitative cross-sectional mediation study. The data were collected from 172 married teachers by a questionnaire package that included the Respect toward Partner Scale, the Subjective Vitality Scale, and the Subjective Happiness Scale. Findings show that subjective happiness is predicted positively by respect toward partner and subjective vitality. Subjective vitality is predicted positively by respect toward partner. Also, the relationship between respect toward partner and subjective happiness is partially mediated by subjective vitality. Understanding the role of respect within close relationships could facilitate the development of interventions to enhance communication between partners about safety attitudes and decrease partner violence. Implications and limitations have been discussed within the scope of the relevant literature.

In the current study, the relationships between aggression, self-compassion and sleep quality of high school students have been examined. 529 high school students (66% females and 34% males) participated in the study. Data were collected from participants through using a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and Descriptive Questionnaire. The predictors of aggressiveness of the variables determined by simple correlation were investigated by multiple linear regression. According to the results, there was a positive and significant relationship between aggression levels and all sub-dimensions of self-compassion and sleep quality. In addition, it was observed that the levels of aggressiveness were significantly predicted by the sub-dimensions of self-compassion and sleep quality, and that the first three most effective predictive variables were over-identification, self-judgment and sleep quality.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of providing feedback to preservice teachers' (PSTs) through focus group discussion on PSTs' self-efficacy perception about teaching experiences and practices, to determine problems encountered during teaching practice by means of focus group discussion and to develop suggestions about solving these problems. This study was applied with 12 PSTs in two different schools during 12 weeks. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered and analyzed. For quantitative data, non-parametric statistics and for qualitative data, descriptive analyses were used. As a result of the study, in experimental group, focus group discussion has significant and positive impact on PSTs' self-efficacy perception. Moreover, in interviews with PSTs, they stated that focus group discussion enabled them to make progress in topics such as lesson planning, classroom management, and teaching strategies.

The aim of this study is to determine the views of teachers, administrators, supervisors and lecturers that are experts in their fields as people having roles in education regarding the aim, structure, process, strong sides and main problems of the education supervision in Turkey. In this research, the scanning model research was employed through qualitative method. The study group of research was composed of 30 individuals in total who were eight teachers and administrators in the primary and secondary school in the cities of Van and Ankara, six lecturers at the universities of Van and Ankara with eight education supervisors in the mentioned cities. The data were obtained via interview technique by using semi-structured form. The research data were analyzed using content analysis. In the study "the aim, structure and process in the education supervision" with "the strong sides of the education supervision and existing main problems" were dealt within two main categories. The reliability of the research was estimated %79 for the first category, %85 for the second category and in total as %82. The findings of the research were discussed under two main categories and five sub-categories.

Accessing to information technology and the ability to use it is increasingly becoming part of the toolkit necessary to participate and prosper in an information-based society. Inequalities in ICT access and use not only mirror existing patterns of social stratification, but can also maintain and even widen current disparities between these groups in important indicators of well-being such as academic success and earnings. Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education has been an important concern in many countries. In this sense, the purpose of this research is to assess the digital divide conditions and the affects of digital divide on their level assessment exam (STS) success rank and school grades. This research was carried out in 7 counties including Sakarya city center and 6 counties involving 375 elementary schools in Sakarya city center and 12 counties it has and 7 of them are private elementary schools. Data of the research have been collected via questionnaire prepared by the researcher. It is seen that while most of the students, who ranked in top ten in the Level Assessment Exam (STS), have computer and internet in their homes, those who ranked "last ten" do not have computer and internet in their homes. It may be interpreted as there is a parallel relation between the increase of average grade of students and the increase of having computer and internet connection in their home. When it is examined thoroughly, there is a digital divide between primary school students. It is believed that, this situation goes in parallel with the socio-economic status of the families. (Contains 6 tables.)

The aim of this study is to provide information on the purposes, structure and operation of the process of supervision in the Turkish educational system. In this paper, the historical development of supervision services in the Turkish educational system, as well as the purposes and principles of educational supervision in Turkey and the structure of supervision in the Turkish educational system are defined. Moreover, the organization of sub-systems of the Ministry of National Education and that of supervision at elementary schools, hiring supervisors, their training, duties and responsibilities as well as working principles are presented. In addition, a detailed analysis of the supervision of institutions and teachers by supervisors is included.

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Health & Sport is the property of Turkish Journal of Health & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership & Instruction / Anadolu Eğitim Liderliği ve Öğretim Dergisi is the property of Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership & Instruction and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: This study aimed to assess and compare the concentrations of growth factors, white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets in injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) derived from people with healthy periodontal conditions and those with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Venous blood samples were obtained from 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis (test group) and 30 participants with healthy periodontal conditions (control group). The i-PRF was then acquired from centrifuged blood. The growth factors (VEGF, IGF-1, TGF-β1, PDGF-BB and EGF) released from the i-PRF samples were compared between groups with ELISA testing. The amounts of WBCs and platelets were also compared. Results: No significant differences in the concentrations of growth factors were found between the groups (the mean values for the control and test groups were, respectively: IGF: 38.82, 42.46; PDGF: 414.25, 466.28; VEGF: 375.69, 412.18; TGF-β1: 21.50, 26.21; EGF: 138.62, 154.82). The test group exhibited a significantly higher WBC count than the control group (8.80 vs. 6.60, respectively). However, the platelet count did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups (control group 242.0 vs. test group 262.50). No significant correlation was observed between WBC count and growth factor level in either group. Conclusions: The growth factor levels in i-PRFs did not exhibit significant difference between the two groups. This suggests that the levels of these growth factors may be unaffected by the periodontal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the identification of collapsed buildings in satellite images after earthquakes through deep learning-based image segmentation models. The performance of four different architectures, namely U-Net, LinkNet, FPN, and PSPNet, was evaluated using various performance metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, specificity, AUC, and IoU. The study used satellite images taken from the area located in the south and southeast of Türkiye covering the eleven provinces which are most affected by the Mw 7.7 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) and Mw 7.6 Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) earthquakes. The results indicated that FPN and U-Net were the best-performing models depending on the performance metric of interest. FPN achieved the highest accuracy and specificity scores, as well as the best precision score, while U-Net achieved the best recall and F1 score values, as well as the best AUC and IoU scores. The training and validation accuracy and loss curves were analyzed, and the results indicated that all four models achieved an accuracy value of over 96%. The FPN model outperformed the others in terms of accurately segmenting images while maintaining a low loss value. This study provides insights into the potential of deep learning-based image segmentation models in disaster management and can be useful for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The continuous monitoring of total suspended solids (TSS) in streams plays an important role in the management of hydrological processes, and TSS is also a decisive parameter in the control of pollution in streams. Determination of TSS involves both a costly and time-consuming process. For this reason, there is a need to determine TSS more quickly, easily reliably, and economically. In this study, it is aimed to classify TSS concentration by using stream water surface images recorded with a mobile phone. For this purpose, the sampling studies carried out in the Lower Değirmendere Stream Watershed (Trabzon, northeast of Turkey) between June 2020 and May 2021, and the images of the stream water surface were taken and recorded with a mobile phone simultaneously with the sampling studies. The stream water surface images and TSS concentration were divided into four classification group, namely clear, turbid, very turbid, and extremely turbid and processed with deep learning method. More than 5500 stream water surface images and TSS concentration data were divided into groups as 70% training and the rest of test. This study uses eight convolutional neural network (CNN) models, including a custom CNN model designed for image classification, along with pre-existing architectures such as VGG-16, VGG-19, Inception-V3, Xception, DenseNet-121, MobileNet, and NASNet-mobile. The results revealed that the most effective ensemble model formation strategy was stacking with an accuracy rate of 87%, followed by weighted averaging, averaging, and majority voting. As a result, with the image of the stream water surface via the mobile phone camera, it can be easily determined which class the current TSS concentration belongs to instantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Respect means consideration of actions and requests of others and confirmation of values of others. School is a social institution where students are equipped with knowledge and skills, as well as fundamental character attributes. Respect among students, teachers, administrators, parents, and other staff at schools is of importance. In this study, the focus group method, including 12 principals and 10 teachers at state primary schools, was employed to explore respect in principal-teacher relations. According to the findings, the participants generally developed professional respect understanding. The teachers presented different definitions of respect associated with hierarchical relations. The participants' respect behaviors were commonly observed in positive communication and self-improvement. The principals displayed respect for teachers through some guarding behaviors, and the teachers displayed profession-related respect behaviors. The common respect expectations of the participants were as follows: self-improvement, establishment of positive social relations, and unbiased behavior. While the school principals expected obedience and complete fulfillment of assigned tasks from teachers, the teachers expected civility, justice, and guarding administration from principals. The participants regarded improper appearance, behaviors contradictory to rules of good manners and bad habits as disrespectfulness. The school principals regarded abuse of goodwill and false excuses by teachers as disrespectfulness; whereas the teachers regarded oral or behavioral insults by school principals and intervention in their private life as disrespectfulness.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a conceptual change approach over traditional instruction on tenth-grade students' conceptual achievement in understanding chemical equilibrium. The study was conducted in two classes of the same teacher with participation of a total of 44 tenth-grade students. In this study, a pre-test/post-test control group semi-experimental design pattern was used. During teaching the topic of chemical equilibrium concepts in the chemistry curriculum, a conceptual change approach was applied in the experimental group whereas traditional instruction was followed in the control group. Data were analysed with an independent samples t-test, and an analysis of covariance using the pre-test scores as the covariate. The results showed that the conceptual change approach was statistically more effective than traditional instruction in terms of students' conceptual understanding. After the six-week intervention, interviews were conducted with 18 selected students in the study. In the interviews a prevailing alternative conception was detected beside many alternative conceptions. When they were asked to compare equilibrium constants of two different reactions they mostly responded to mean that "the bigger the mol number of the products, the bigger the equilibrium constant" without considering what proportions the reactants were transformed into products in a reaction. Also, in this study a two-tier multiple choice test was developed related to chemical equilibrium to detect students' concepts and alternative concepts. (Contains 3 tables.)

Copyright of Journal of Mother Tongue Education / Ana Dili Egitim Dergisi is the property of Journal of Mother Tongue Education / Ana Dili Egitim Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A slimy and sticky structure is formed in sea surface due to the excessive proliferation of plantlike organisms called phytoplankton, which is formed by the combination of many biological and chemical conditions, the increase in sea temperature and bacterial activities accordingly. The rapid detection of this structure called mucilage is very important in terms of early intervention and cost determination. Remote sensing methods have been used quite frequently in recent years for the automatic classification and localization of such events with the help of satellite images. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) trained on mucilage images are applied as a very successful method thanks to their ability to automatically extract superior features. The studies carried out for the target point detection obtained as a result of extracting the visual features from natural images with these networks have reached the goal. In this study, transfer learning methods are proposed to improve the detection of mucilage areas from the satellite images. The Sea of Marmara, which has been difficult times due to the mucilage events, was selected as the study area. The dataset was trained to classify mucilage images with the convolutional neural network (CNN) models and then reused to localize mucilage areas. Residual networks (ResNet)-50, visual geometry group (VGG)-16, VGG-19, and Inception-V3 were used for individual CNN models. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) technique was used to visualize the learned behavior. A custom CNN model was created, and comparisons were made with the real mucilage areas with the intersection over union considering the most efficient convolutional layer to better localize the mucilage areas. It was concluded that the custom CNN model has showed superior localization performance compared to other models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Culture & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly is the property of Turkish Cultur & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Since the beginning of the civil war in Syria, over 3.5 million Syrians have fled to Turkey. Considering the massive burden of healthcare service needs of this population, the Turkish government has launched an initiative as employing Syrian doctors to provide health services to their citizens in Refugee Health Centres. In this study, we aimed to explore the social adaptation status of Syrian physicians living in Turkey using a structured questionnaire and the Social Adaptation Self Evaluation Scale (SASS).Methods: Between November 2016 and April 2018, 799 physicians who participated in "Syrian Physicians' Adaptation Training" were enrolled in the study and underwent a structured questionnaire that questioned socio-demographic data and the SASS. The participants were divided into two groups as having poor and normal/high SASS scores. The binary SASS groups were compared with some demographic data.Results: The median SASS score of the respondents was found as 43 (min. 10, max. 60, IQR 10) which can be accepted as normal. In the binary grouping, it was seen that 107 (13.39%) participants had poor social adaptation, whereas 692 (86.61%) participants had normal or high social adaptation scores. The physicians who were certain about not going back to Syria had significantly higher SASS scores.Conclusion: The social adaptation scores of the Syrian physicians were considerably high. The adaptation status was found to be associated with some characteristics like living in Turkey for a long time and having pre-knowledge about the Turkish healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptually, although the effectiveness of communication is generally associated with the development of language skills, studies that model this relationship comprehensively are limited. Based on this, the current study examines the relationship between different linguistic variables (listening skills, attitude towards reading habits, speech self-efficacy, and writing disposition) and their own and communication skills. The study data was collected from 566 prospective teachers in Turkey. As a result of the study, the theoretical structure between linguistic variables and communication skills has been statistically proven. In the model, it was seen that the model-data fit was at a good level (χ²/df=4.46, CFI=.955, RMSEA=.078, SRMR=.033). The proposed model indicates that listening skills affect communication skills at a medium level and speech self-efficacy at a high level. In addition, writing disposition affects communication skills indirectly through speech self-efficacy, and reading habits affect communication skills indirectly through both listening skills and speech self-efficacy. The highest relationship is between listening skills and speech self-efficacy. Also, the relationships between all the variables are significant. The study supports existing hypotheses about the role language plays in communication skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the radiation doses of patients and staff during different interventional radiology and cardiology examinations. Dose measurements for interventional radiology examinations were performed in Ibn-i Sina Hospital of Ankara University using Siemens Artis-Zee medical imaging system. Patient dose measurement was carried out for interventional cardiology examinations in Cardiology Department of TOBB-ETU University, Medical Faculty Hospital using Philips Allura Centron interventional X-ray system. Patient doses were obtained in terms of kerma area product (KAP) and cumulative air kerma (CAK) from KAP meter attached to the angiography system. Performance tests of the angiography system were performed before patient dose measurements. Staff dose measurements were carried out with thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100) placed in certain areas on the staff. Patient dose measurements were performed for 15 different interventional radiology examinations on a total of 431 patients and for four different cardiology examinations on a total of 299 patients. Monte Carlo based PCXMC 2.0 program was used to calculate patient effective doses. Lower extremity arteriography was the most common examination with a mean KAP value of 30 Gy cm2 and mean effective dose value of 1.2 mSv for total number of 194 patients. Mean KAP values calculated for coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, electrophysiological procedures and radiofrequency cardiac ablation examinations were 62.8, 162.8, 16.7 and 70.6 Gy cm2, respectively. Radiologist, nurse and technician effective dose normalised to the unit KAP of patient dose were 0.15, 0.11 and 0.14 μSv Gy−1 cm−2. Similarly, cardiologist, nurse and technician effective dose normalised to the unit KAP of patient dose were 0.22, 0.15 and 0.09 μSv Gy−1 cm−2. Measured KAP and CAK values vary depending on the type and complexity of the examination. The measured staff doses during cardiac examinations were higher when compared with that measured for interventional radiology as expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Education is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Landslides occur when masses of rock, earth, and other debris move down a slope. The slope of an area is directly responsible for the magnitude of the landslide. Being able to identify regional locations more likely to be impacted by landslides is essential if interventions to prevent loss of life and liberty are to be implemented. To further this objective, studies have been carried out using deep learning methods to assess the likelihood of landslides in a localized area. This study seeks to illuminate the reliability in using the deep learning method to effectively detect landslide zones for the purpose of enacting proactive interventions. Pre-trained models of Resnet-50, VGG-19, Inception-V3, and Xception, all of which are established deep learning approaches, were used to automatically detect regional landslides and then compare results. In addition, Grad-CAM, Grad-CAM + + , and Score-CAM visualization techniques were considered depending on the deep learning methods used to accurately predict the location of landslides. The present research focuses on the landslides that took place in the Gündoğdu area of Rize, a city on the Black Sea cost of Turkey, from August 26 to 27, 2010, where unfortunately a significant number of individuals lost their lives. As a large number of landslide scene images are needed in order to facilitate a learning model's deep learning, images from the area were obtained by aircraft and then organized as a dataset. Non-landslide scenes were added as a separate class in the training dataset to estimate the landslide regions more accurately. In total, 80% of the data will be used for training the model, while 20% will be used for testing the model that is built out of it. The experimental results were evaluated with the receiver operating curves and f1-score applicable to landslide detection characteristics. Obtained results show that both Resnet-50 and VGG-19 had a success rate of over 90%. Results also effectively demonstrate how the best visualization techniques for localizations are Grad-CAM and Score-CAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In schools, as formal organizations, formal relationships defined by formal rules for employees exist, and informal relationships (natural, intimate) as a form of social relations are experienced as well. Intimate, face-to-face, and natural relations experienced at a national level are reflected in the organizational relationships in Turkey, where a collectivist culture structure is dominant. With their loose structure, schools are among the organizations in which such relationships are experienced intensely. It is expected that natural, informal relationships between school employees will increase teachers' organizational commitment. The purpose of the research, for which the survey method is employed, is to explore informal relationships in primary schools and organizational commitment levels of school employees in administrators' and teachers' views and to determine whether they are correlational. The sample of the study consists of 465 administrators and teachers who work primary schools in Diyarbakır provincial and district centers. The research concludes that Schools have moderate and positive informal relationships. Informal relationships are not advanced outside of school and employees do not establish personal communication outside of work. There is a moderate level of organizational commitment in schools. Employees' commitment to the organization they work for is higher in terms of the adaptability dimension in which more importance is given to financial benefits and obligations rather than identification or internalization. The research concludes that there is a positive, moderate correlation between informal relationships and organizational commitment levels of school employees and intra-and-extra organizational informal relationships among teachers significantly predict their school commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the new type of coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China at the end of 2019, and spread all over the world in a very short time. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic due to its rapid spread and lack of effective vaccination, immunization and treatment. In this study, we aimed to make a retrospective evaluation of forty-five days of COVID-19 cases and deaths simulated by the modified mathematical model which was previously established and published by us. 30 days and 45 days of COVID-19 cases and deaths which were estimated by our modified mathematical model were compared to the real cases and deaths in Turkey since 15.03.2020. The COVID-19 cases increased to a significant level on 20.03.2020 in Turkey. The modified mathematical modeling results' estimation accuracy remained above 90% until 13.04.2020. This rate was 78.40% on 28.04.2020. The modified mathematical modeling estimation for the COVID-19 deaths started on 20.03.2020 because the number of deaths were then significant enough for estimation with the modified mathematical model. The estimation accuracy for the number of deaths was 100% with a value of 37 on 23 March 2020, and after that, it had always remained above 90% until 13.04.2020. Finally, it was 66.08% on 28.04 2020. The estimation accuracies of the modified mathematical model about the COVID-19 cases in Turkey for 30 days and 45 days were above 90% and 78% respectively. The estimation accuracies of the modified mathematical model about the COVID- 19 deaths in Turkey for the 30-day and 45-day periods were above 90% and 66%, respectively. This result suggests that the modified mathematical model is available for estimating the course of disease outbreaks and pandemics. The model should be developed through future studies, which will improve its estimation accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: There is substantial evidence that the majority of cases of lower extremity peripheral artery disease are undetected. As a result, there is great interest in the detection of lower extremity peripheral artery disease through routine screening. However, routine screening of lower extremity peripheral artery disease is still debated. Methods: In our cross-sectional study, we included 200 consecutive patients with symptoms suggestive of angina who were undergoing coronary angiography. Irrespective of intermittent claudication, we subsequently performed peripheral angiography to detect lower extremity peripheral artery disease. The predictors of lower extremity peripheral artery disease were analyzed, and the diagnostic utility of these predictors and their combinations were determined. Additionally, the determinants of the amount of radio-opaque material used and peripheral fluoroscopy time were investigated. Results: The overall prevalence of lower extremity peripheral disease was 16%. Being older than 65 years, having coronary artery disease and smoking history remained significant predictors after adjusting for other well-known parameters. Having the combination of age ≥65 and smoking was associated with a positive predictive value of 50% (likelihood ratio 5.06), and having all of the predictors was associated with a positive predictive value of 100% (likelihood ratio >1000). Conclusions: Routine screening for lower extremity peripheral disease patients undergoing coronary angiography may be useful in selected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Education is the property of Hacettepe University Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Highlights • It provides recommendations for OHS trainings in Turkish construction sector. • Reveals the views of workers in the Turkish construction sector on OHS. • The study examines OHS performance in the construction sites in Turkey. Abstract In this study, profiles of the employees working in construction sector and who are to be educated in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) have been investigated and the perspectives of the employees on OHS have been presented in order for the OHS trainings to be provided effectively. In accordance with this purpose, a face-to-face survey was carried out practically with the employees in the construction sector in Turkey. It has been researched whether the age, educational level, knowledge, etc. characteristics of the employees that work in the constructions sites, defined as very hazardous occupations, vary. The level of employees' knowledge about OHS and how to provide OHS trainings to the employees accordingly have been studied. These findings may be valid for other developing countries with a similar working climate or may be regarded as a preliminary study. In this context, general findings may be a different benchmark not only for international but also for academic and practical comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the positive subdomain numbers and distribution of the UPOINT classification in chronic prostatitis and to compare the erectile dysfunction (ED) pattern.Materials and Methods: From 2008 to 2013, 839 patients with symptomatic chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome were included in this study. The correlation between UPOINT domains and National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) total score, subscores, and the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function scores were evaluated retrospectively.Results: The mean patient age was calculated as 37.7 ± 7.4 (range 21-65). The average total NIH-CPSI score was determined as 9.07 (range 1-40) and the average positive UPOINT subdomain number was determined as 2.87 ± 0.32 (range 1-6). Subdomain patient numbers and rates were calculated as 529 urinary (63%), 462 psychosocial (55%), 382 organ specific (45%), 290 infection (34%), 288 neurological or systemic (34%), and 418 tenderness (skeletal muscle) (50%), respectively. It was determined that ED, determining the subdomain of sexual dysfunction in patients, was positive in a total of 326 (39.9%) patients, with 220 patients having mild (26.2%), 76 mild to moderate (9.1%), 19 moderate (2.3%), and 5 with severe (0.6%) ED. A statistically significant correlation was not determined between the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function score and UPOINT subdomain number and NIH-CPSI score.Conclusion: It has been determined that although there is a strong and significant correlation between UPOINT classification and NIH-CPSI score in Turkish patients with chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome, the inclusion of ED as an independent subdomain to the UPOINT classification is not statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Erwerbs-Obstbau is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the present study is to explore the views of teachers, academicians and graduate students about alternative education/school applications and applicability of these applications in Turkey. The current study is a qualitative study. The data were collected through focused group discussion and interviews and semi-structured interview form was used. The sample of the study consisted of 25 individuals including 13 academicians at Yuzuncu Yil University and 2 graduate students in Education Sciences, and 10 teachers working in Van province. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis technique. With respect to the findings, alternative education is a new concept for the participants and they have complication for this concept. Also, the participants have different views about the applicability of alternative education in Turkey. In this respect, alternative education applications have the potential to cause great discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study purposes to determine how adoptable and applicable teachers and school administrators in Turkey think the practice of selecting and training elementary school administrators is in England, France and Germany, as well as how adoptable and applicable "Elementary School Principal Selecting and Training Model" is, which is developed considering the conditions in Turkey. The sampling is composed of 356 school administrators and 382 teachers working in 121 public schools in provincial centers in Turkey. The data required for the research has been compiled through the scale "The Standards for Selecting, Appointing and Training Elementary School Principals" developed by the researchers. In the analysis of data, percentage, frequency, arithmetical mean and standard deviation have been used for descriptive statistics, and t-test has been used for unrelated sampling as interpretative statistics technique. It is concluded in the research that the model is found to be adoptable by elementary school administrators and teachers in Turkey, and it is thought to be applicable although its level of adoptability is lower than that of the model used in the Turkish education system. The level of adoptability in all sub-dimensions of the model is higher than the level of applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education is the property of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educational Administration: Theory & Practice is the property of Educational Administration: Theory & Practice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antioxidant activity of the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Marchantia polymorpha L., which grows naturally in Turkey, was tested by DPPH and ABTS methods. According to the applied methods, both extracts exhibited moderate activity. Some phenolic compounds that could be responsible for the activity were investigated by RP-HPLC, qualitatively and quantitatively, in the methanolic extract of liverwort. While caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol were not found in the extract, luteolin as the liable antioxidant agent was determined as 0.0052 ± 0.0002% among the investigated compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bursa has an important place in Ottoman history. Altough it had lost some of its importance after the conquest of istanbul, it had always been a privileged place in Ottoman empire. Two important dervish ways Mısriyye and Celvetiyye, was founded in Bursa on the one hand and Istanbul has been benefited from Bursa's mystical movements on the other. Because of this importance, there were about ten city monographs about Bursa. In this article, by considering the monograph, Hülasatü'l-Vefeyât which was written by Gazzîzâde Abdüllatif, an information is given about Bursa mystical history and dervish lodges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Educational Science / Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To evaluate Groningen Model of rational pharmacotherapy training developed by World Health Organization given to a group of general practitioners in Kayseri. Material and Methods: A Groningen Model of rational pharmacotherapy training was given to 24 general practitioners in Kayseri. The Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) before and after the training were evaluated and prescriptions written in these examinations were analyzed. Results: The average score of general practitioners in OSCE after the training (92.38±1.42) is significantly higher than the average score obtained in OSCE before the training (37.21±4.11). The average score of prescriptions written in OSCE after the training (75.88 ± 2.46) was significantly higher than the average score of prescriptions written in OSCE before the training (51.42 ± 2.22). There are inappropriate drugs in 62.5 % of prescriptions written in OSCE before the training while there is no inappropriate drug in prescriptions written in OSCE after the training. The 37.5% of prescriptions in OSCE before the training were hardly readable, this ratio was increased to 42% in prescriptions OSCE after the training Conclusion: According to our results, this training was very successful. These results indicate that "Groningen Model" of rational pharmacotherapy training developed by World Health Organisation is a very effective method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Reference body mass index (BMI) percentiles are needed to follow secular changes in Turkish children aged 0-84 months. Obesity prevalence in this age group is also not well documented. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine BMI percentiles and the prevalences of overweight and obesity in Turkish children aged 0-84 months. The authors also tried to compare actual BMI status with World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Subjects and methods: This study used data from the Anthropometry of Turkish Children aged 0-6 years (ATCA-06) study. This cross-sectional study, conducted from September 2009 to May 2010 in Kayseri, Turkey, included 2683 children (1359 girls, 1324 boys) aged 0-84 months. Centile curves were constructed using the LMS method. Results: It was found that BMI percentiles of Turkish children were higher than WHO standards in early childhood. The overweight and obesity prevalences were identical in both genders, 10.0% and 4.9%, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides both BMI reference values and prevalence figures for overweight and obesity in children aged 0-84 months, residing in Kayseri city, in Turkey. It is believed that these data can be of use in following secular changes as well as for comparisons with international standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the percentiles of interpopliteal distance to diagnose bowleg in 0-6 year-old children. Measurement of interpopliteal distance is a simple but valuable indicator in clinical examination to diagnose bowleg. We analyzed data from the anthropometry of Turkish children aged 0-6 years. The primary sampling unit included 21 family health centers (Aile Sagligi Merkezi) located in the city center and suburbs of Kayseri, Turkey. A total of 2,873 children and adolescents (1,419 boys, 1,454 girls), whose parents gave consent were included in the study. The smoothed percentiles and Z-scores were calculated by age and gender in 0-6 year-old children in quarter year intervals except for the 0-28-day newborn period. We found a significant correlation (r: 0.60, p < 0.001) between body weight and interpopliteal distance (after onset of walking). We consider that percentiles of interpopliteal distance can be used in the follow-up of children who may be at risk of bone and growth disorders. The zone between -2 standard deviation (SD) and +2SD values can be used to decide if the child has a normal growth pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was set out to research the inter-sexual differences in the relation between prolactin levels and sexual dysfunction, independently from the type and dosage of anti-psychotic medicine used in schizophrenia patients treated at the outpatient treatment unit of Bakırköy State Mental Hospital. The study included a total of 120 patients, 63 females and 57 males, all diagnosed with schizophrenia but in remission according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Prolactin levels in all patients were measured. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia were used to determine if the patients within the study were in remission in terms of schizophrenic and depressive symptoms as well as the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) - to assess sexual dysfunction. Moreover, the patients were required to fill out a sociodemographic survey form designed in order to evaluate the patients' subjective view of their sexual life and to determine the type of drugs used by the patient, in addition to other data. The study concluded that antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia led to a greater increase in prolactin levels in female patients than in male ones and caused development of amenorrhoea and galactrorrhoea, but it did not influence sexual functions significantly, whereas it caused hyperprolactinemia in male patients less and had a negative impact on their sexual function; moreover, increase in prolactin levels led to decreased sexual desire in both genders. In conclusion, there is a necessity to focus more on decreased sexual desire in schizophrenia patients receiving anti-psychotic treatments and to explore sexual dysfunction in detail. Further research studies are needed regarding the mechanisms by which anti-psychotic treatments lead to hyperprolactinemia, and how hyperprolactinemia causes sexual side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To provide neck circumference (NC) percentiles and mean values for Turkish children and to investigate their significance in clinical and epidemiological use. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional screening study; DAMTCA II (Determination of Anthropometric Measurements in Turkish Children and Adolescents) in which 5481 subjects from 17 primary, secondary and high schools were included. NC percentiles were produced using the LMS method, and NC was compared with other parameters which define body fat distribution. The smoothed NC curves of 3rd, 5th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th and 97th percentiles were constructed by age and gender. The descriptive characteristics of collected data were presented as mean (SD: standard deviation) and median (Min-Max: minimum-maximum) to provide detailed information other than smoothed values. The most prominent finding of this study was that the NC of boys was greater, but not significantly higher, than that of girls until the age of 12 but later a prominent increase in the NC of boys is observed compared with girls. We compared obese and non-obese children in the 6-10, 11-13, 14-18 age groups, NC was found to be an important parameter to define obesity. This study provides NC percentiles, means and medians values and analyses their significance in obesity evaluation in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: Childhood obesity is a major worldwide health problem. In addition to body mass index (BMI), body fat percentiles may be used to predict future cardiovascular and metabolic health risks. The aim of this study is to define new age- and gender-specific body fat centiles for Turkish children and adolescents. A total of 4,076 (2,276 girls, 1,800 boys) children and adolescents aged 6-18 years were recruited for this study. Total body fat was measured by a bioelectrical impedance noninvasive method. Body fat percentiles were produced by the LMS method. The body fat percentile curves of boys appear to rise from age 6 to 12 years and then slope downwards to age 15 years and then flatten off. The body fat % percentiles of girls increased until 14 years of age through 75th to 97th percentiles and then slope downwards, but through the third to 50th percentiles, they showed a downward slope after 14 years old.Conclusions: Since BMI may not always reflect body fat content, direct assessment of adiposity by a practical method would be significantly useful for clinical decisions. Therefore, this study provides normative data for body fat percentage in healthy Turkish children and adolescents. To this goal we used a practical and clinically applicable method. These references can be useful for evaluation of overweight and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To identify factors which affect mesopic pupil diameter in refractive surgery patients. Setting: This retrospective study was performed at the 1st Ophthalmology Clinic in Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Methods: Medical records of 412 refractive surgery candidates who applied between 2006 and 2008 were reviewed. Detailed ophthalmological examination data were obtained from medical records. Pupil size measurements were performed with a COAS Ocular Wavefront analyzer in mesopic conditions. Relationship between mesopic pupil diameter and age, sex, spherical refractive error (D), magnitude of astigmatism (D), type of astigmatism, spherical equivalent, and average keratometry were analyzed by means of univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results: Mean mesopic pupil diameter was 6.19 ± 0.88 mm. Mean pupil diameter (mean ± standard deviation) was 5.70 ± 1.01 in hypermetropia, 6.04 ± 0.79 mm in mixed astigmatism, and 6.33 ± 0.82 mm in myopia. The difference in mean mesopic pupil diameters between myopes and hypermetropes was statistically significant ( p = 0.001). However, differences with regard to mean pupil diameters between myopes and mixed astigmatism ( p = 0.660) and between hypermetropes and mixed astigmatism ( p = 0.109) were not significant. Mean pupil diameter was 6.00 ± 0.99 mm in against the rule astigmatism, 5.96 ± 0.84 mm in oblique astigmatism, and 6.27 ± 0.84 mm in with the rule astigmatism. Mean mesopic pupil diameter in with the rule astigmatism group was higher than oblique astigmatism group. Spherical refractive error ( r = -0.213, p = 0.001), cylindrical refractive error (0.197, p = 0.001), and age ( r = −0.341, p = 0.001) showed correlation with pupil diameter. Conclusions: This study showed that age and magnitude of both spherical and cylindrical refractive error are the most determinative factors on mesopic pupil size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on exophthalmos references for Turkish children ranging from 7-18 years old. The age and gender specific data were collected from the Determination of Anthropometric Measurements of Turkish Children and Adolescents (DAMTCA II). A total of 2,472 students from primary and secondary schools were chosen from 16 schools in Kayseri, Turkey. Eye protrusion measurements were conducted by using the Hertel exophthalmometry unit, while body weights were measured with an electronic load cell scale.