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Objective: Chronic hypothyroidism is associated with significant neurocognitive deficits. However, present data about the effect of acute hypothyroidism on cognitive functions are limited. This study aimed to investigate the cognitive functions of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in acute hypothyroidism caused by l-thyroxine withdrawal (THW) using auditory event-related potentials (AERPs). Methods: Twenty-three patients with DTC and fifteen healthy subjects (group 1) were involved in the study. AERPs were recorded using the standard auditory "Oddball" paradigm from the Fz, Cz, Pz, and Oz regions. P300 waves were analyzed. The first records were obtained from group 1 and DTC patients under thyroxine treatment (group 2a). In the patient group, AERP recordings of the patients were repeated approximately 1 month after the withdrawal of thyroid hormone (THW) when the patients became hypothyroid (Group 2b). Results: P300 latencies were found to be significantly longer in group 2a in the Cz (P < .01), Pz (P < .001), and Oz (P < .001) regions compared to group 1, except for Fz. Group 2b P300 latencies were also longer than group 1 Cz (P < .009), Pz (P < .001), and Oz (P < .001) regions, except Fz. When comparing group 2a and group 2b, the P300 latency of group 2b was longer in the Pz region (P < .05). Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that cognitive functions in patients with DTC had a slower cognitive function in the state of acute hypothyroidism induced by 1-month THW than in both healthy individuals and during l-thyroxine treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (mVEMP) involve the connection between the vestibular complex and trigeminal nerve nuclei. Given the theory that migraine is caused by increased activation of the trigeminal nerve, it is believed that mVEMP responses may have influenced in migraine patients. Method: The study included 20 individuals with migraine and 20 healthy controls. Latency, amplitude, and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio of mVEMP responses recorded in migraine patients were compared with control group. Results: Considering the mVEMP normalization study conducted by Başöz et al. (2021) in a similar age group and in the same clinic, latency prolongation and amplitude decrease were observed in subjects with migraines. Migraine is considered a central pathology, as shown in the cervical and ocular VEMP (cVEMP/oVEMP) literature. No difference was observed in the interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio, which is important in peripheral pathologies. Additionally, when the number of pathological ears was examined in order to understand the total exposure, it was observed that the number of pathological ears was significantly higher in the migraine group. Conclusion: In future studies, using mVEMP together with cVEMP and oVEMP tests, which allow evaluation of otolith organs and vestibular nuclei, will be valuable in determining the lesion location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effects of caesarian section (CS) versus vaginal birth (VB) delivery techniques on results from neonatal hearing screening tests (NHSTs). Design: Retrospective analysis. Study sample: A total of 10,767 neonates divided into two groups according to delivery technique underwent NHSTs. Those who failed TEOAE or AABR were sent for diagnostic ABR examination. Results: A total of 5620 of 6044 (92.9%) of the neonates in the CS group passed the TEOAE test bilaterally and 424 (7.1%) failed either unilaterally or bilaterally. In the VB group, 4496 of 4723 (95.1%) neonates passed the TEOAE test bilaterally, while the remaining 227 (4.9%) failed the test either unilaterally or bilaterally. Bilateral passing rate of TEOAE test results was significantly higher in the VB group than the CS group (p < 0.05). The AABR failure rate (unilaterally or bilaterally) was 1% in the CS group, which was significantly higher than that in the VB group (0.6%). Diagnostic ABR bilateral pass rate was not statistically different between the groups. Conclusions: Delivery method was shown to affect the results of NHSTs. We found that the rates of failing the TEOAE and screening AABR examinations were higher among neonates born by CS compared to VB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To obtain clinicians' views on the use of cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) in the clinical pathway. Design: A questionnaire aimed at clinicians who use the HEARLab system with the Aided Cortical Assessment (ACA) Module. Results compared for Australians (where HEARLab produced) to other countries Sample: The questionnaire was completed by 49 clinicians; 33 from Australia and 13 clinicians outside of Australia and 3 clinicians, destination unknown. Results: The findings of this research demonstrated that clinicians using CAEPs found them valuable for clinical practice. CAEPs were used to verify or modify hearing aid fittings and were used for counselling parents to reinforce the need for hearing aids. With the use of speech token as the stimulus clinicians had more relevant information to increase confidence in decision-making on paediatric hearing management. Conclusions: The main benefit from the use of CAEPs (using speech token stimuli) was for infant hearing aid fitting programmes, to facilitate earlier decisions relating to hearing aid fitting, for fine-tuning the aids and as an additional measure for cochlear implant referrals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to present the results of newborns who were referred to advanced audiology centers after newborn hearing screening, and to determine concordance of our results with the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines about the ages of hearing loss, aid fitting, and cochlear implantation. Materials and Methods: A total of 7502 newborns were screened in Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Research and Training Hospital between March 2014 and June 2016 using the transient otoacustic emissions test as the first two steps and automated auditory brainstem response test for the third step. Newborns who had risk factors were screened using the automated auditory brainstem response only. Newborns who failed the screening tests were referred to advanced audiology centers. Results: Of the 7502 newborns, 6736 (90%) completed the screening. The ratio of hearing loss was 0.08%. Six of 62 newborns who failed auditory brainstem response test and were referred to advanced audiology centers had severe bilateral hearing loss. One of the patients was not fitted with a hearing aid because the family refused it. The other one was not fitted an aid and did not undergo cochlear implantation because of severe and treatment-resistant acute otitis media. The age of diagnosis for the rest was before three months, and except for one patient, hearing aid fitting was before six months. The age of cochlear implantation was 12 months for two patients and 14 months for two patients. Conclusion: Ninety percent of patients completed the screening, the age of diagnosis for hearing loss was before three months and aid fitting was before six months, except for one patient. The results of the study were compatible with the diagnosis and treatment guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the patients included into national newborn hearing program in Rize Province,Turkey, between 2010 and 2015 with literature outcomes. Material and Method: Totally 25,373 newborns born within Rize province between January 2010 and December 2015 were enrolled into the study. Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (TEOAE) and Auditory Brainstem Response (ARB) tests were used. The infants failed from TEOAE were subjected to ABR on the same day; infants who also failed from ABR were referred to a reference centre for clinical ABR. Results: Among 25,373 infants enrolled into the study, 1,562 (6.15%) infants failed from first and second tests and were referred to a reference centre for clinical ABR. Unilateral hearing loss was detected in 1 infant whereas bilateral hearing loss was detected in 15 infants. A risk factor was determined in 7 of 16 infants with hearing loss. Conclusion: Hearing loss affects the social, emotional and mental development of the newborns negatively. Newborn hearing screening allows early recognition of babies with hearing loss and may provide early treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusion: The pure-tone audiometry results following glycerol administration indicated a positive effect on cochlear endolymphatic hydrops. Glycerol cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) tests are a useful means of diagnosing saccular hydrops. There was no correlation between cVEMP and audiological results. Objective: To document the changes in pure-tone hearing outcomes and cVEMPs in patients with Ménière's disease (MD) and 10 healthy volunteers before and after oral administration of glycerol. Methods: Twenty-nine study group subjects were chosen with complaints of vertigo. cVEMP testing and pure-tone hearing level testing were performed before and at 1, 2, and 3 h after administration of glycerol. Results: The means of the latencies, amplitudes, and difference ratio in 20 normal subject ears were determined. Based on these values, 9/29 MD-affected (MDA) ears (31%) had a unilaterally absent cVEMP. Compared with difference ratio values of the control groups there were significant differences in both latencies and amplitudes in MDA ears after glycerol administration. Before glycerol administration, there were significant differences between control and MDA ears on mean values of pure-tone hearing outcomes. Twenty patients in the MDA group showed significant pure-tone hearing outcomes after glycerol administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Idiopathic Parkinson's disease is a clinical situation characterized by akinesia, rigidity, and tremor, and results from the degeneration of the dopaminergic nervous system. As the disease progresses over time, depression, cognitive dysfunction and alterations in cognitive functions are added to the movement disorder at varying rates. The P300 component is a useful parameter for cognitive processing studies on PD patients, as it is independent from motor skills. The current study aimed to show the effects of the PD on the cognitive functions by evaluating the cognitive functions of IPD patients without dementia with the help of an event related potential component, P300 test. Methods: Thirty-eight patients (25 males and 13 females), ranging in age between 40 and 80 years (mean: 58.8 years), were included to the study and the control group consisted of 39 volunteers (25 males and 14 females), ranging in age between 44 and 84 years (mean: 63.5 years), who did not have a history of cerebrovascular disease, dementia, or depression. The participants were informed about the content and the practice of the study, and informed consent forms were obtained. Neurological examination, standardized mini mental test, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and P300 tests were performed on the patients. Standardized mini mental test (SMMT), HAM-D, and P300 tests were performed in the control group. Results: P300 latencies in Parkinson's patients were significantly prolonged compared to the control group. There was a decrease in P300 amplitude values with increasing HAM-D. Conclusion: P300 latency reflects the rate of stimuli classification by mental process, attention, and cognitive processing. Even if no dementia is present in PD patients, there is a dysfunction in these functions, and it can be demonstrated by the P300 test, which is independent from motor skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Social, emotional, cognitive and language development of infants is provided with early diagnosis of hearing deficit. Hearing deficit is reported with a rate of 1-6 in 1000 live births in healthy newborns, while it reaches up to 10-30 in 1000 live births in newborns with risk factors. We aimed to compile the results of the hearing screening program applied in our hospital. Material and Methods: The records of the hearing screening program were examined and the results were compiled by reaching the records of the patients who were found to have hearing deficit. Results: Hearing test was applied in a total of 142 128 patients between 2005 and 2011. Hearing test was performed by evoked autoaucistic emission for two times in 26 690 of these patients and for three times in 2 412. A diagnosis of hearing deficit was made in 385 patients (0.27%) after application of ARB (Auditory Brainstem Response). The medical records of 171 of the patients who were referred for advanced investigations and treatment were obtained. 116 of these patients had a history of hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit, while 55 patients had no history of hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit. 49 of the patients had a gestational age below the 32th week and 122 had a gestational age above the 32th week. The median gestational age and birth weight values and ranges were found to be 35 (22-43) and 2 140 g (580-4 590 g), respectively. The risk factors included intrauterine growth retardation (n=24), multiple pregnancy (n=22), hyperbilirubinemia (n=74), blood exchange because of hyperbilirubinemia (n=7), sepsis (n=52), hypoglycemia (n=2), use of aminoglycoside and glycopeptide (n=99), use of furosemide (n=27), mechanical ventilation therapy (n=37), polycythemia (n=12), prenatal asphyxia (n=2), respiratory distress syndrome (n=45), chronic lung disease (n=11), surgery for retinopathy of prematurity (n=8) and hearing deficit in the mother or father (n=7). Conclusions: In addition to the necessity of performing hearing screening in all newborns, infants with risk factors should be determined, hearing deficit should be screened with repeated hearing tests and social, emotional, cognitive and language development of the infant should be assured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Evaluation of ABR results in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Methods: ABR results of 31 patients with IDDM (19 female, 12 male) were compared with ABR results of 20 healthy volunteers (10 female, 10 male). Mean patient age was 32 (range: 18- 48) years in study group and 30 (range: 24-43) years in control group. All tests were performed bilaterally. Ist, IIIrd, Vth wave latencies and I-III, III-V, I-V intervals at 70 dB normal hearing level ( dB nHL) were compared. Results: Ist and Vth wave latencies and I-V intervals of right and left ears of study group were significantly different from the control group (p<0.05). Regarding I. III. V. wave latencies and I-III, III-V, I-V intervals between right and left ears of control group were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: IDDM results in abnormal ABR findings. Standardization and systematic classification of ABR results in IDDM patients is required in order to predict central nervous system and cochlea-vestibular damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: A total of 38 patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome underwent standard otological and audiometric evaluation as well as high frequency audiological tests. Some 26 (68.4%) patients had a history of middle ear infections, and ten (26.3%) had required otolaryngological surgery. Conventional audiometry (125-8000 Hz) demonstrated normal hearing in only 25 of the ears (33%); between 500-4000 Hz, 16 ears (21.0%) had a mixed type and eight ears (10.5%) had conductive hearing loss. High frequency audiometry (8-18 kHz) revealed sensorineural hearing loss in 98.7% of the ears. Our results for conventional audiometry are in accordance with the literature.Conclusion: The detection of a high prevalence of hearing loss in the high frequency range brings a significant new perspective to the pursuit of the aetiology of ear and hearing problems in Ullrich-Turner syndrome. This pathology seems to be a premature variant of presbycusis and it may underlie future hearing impairment which will come to clinical attention only after it progresses to conventional testing frequencies. While further studies are underway to evaluate this aspect, routine otological and audiological follow-up of patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome is warranted from the time of diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ling sounds are important not only for initial audiological evaluation in children but also following gains in hearing aids- or cochlear implant-users. To provide appropriate access to verbal instruction, the frequency range of these phonemes is important. We previously documented formant frequencies of /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, /m/, /s/ and /s/ sounds emitted by Turkish ladies. Since all the rest have at least one meaning in Turkish with the exception of /i/, the subjects were ordered to emit all sounds in its one meaning in the previous study. Objective: In this study we aimed to look for importance of chance of meaning on prosidy by using three dimentional analysis and modeling of /a/, /e/, /s/ and /m/ to demonstrate amplitude and frequency changes in time. Material and Methods: Twelve female (mean age: 31.83, min: 21, max: 44 years) native Turkish speakers with normal hearing emitted /a/, /e/, /m/ and /s/ sounds in two different meanings as if they were calling a child almost 3 meters away. All recordings were analyzed by a custom-made Matlab-based software (3BKAP) for three dimentional modeling of the sound samples in addition to the formant analysis performed by Pratt sound analysis program Results: It was found that meaning changed all 3 dimentional models, not only frequency composition but also amplitude ranges. Visuals of 3 dimentional models of all Ling sounds sounds meanings will be presented in the poster. Conclusion: Acoustic data of Ling sounds is important to find out affected frequency bands and improvement by fitting. In this study we found that emitting the sound by giving a meaning and intention there are variations related with meaning in addition to interpersonal variations. Although these variations are within the scope of each speech sound, they could effect perception of the children with hearing loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]