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It is suggested that individuals with limited health literacy have less awareness about cancer and screening methods. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the relationship between cancer screening perception and health literacy levels among women. This study investigates the determinants of cancer screening perceptions in Turkish women, with a particular emphasis on the influence of health literacy. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study involved 428 women aged 18–69. Data were collected via online questionnaires. Hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to assess the effects of distinct variables on cancer screening perceptions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to validate and ensure reliability. The results indicated that the constructed hierarchical regression model explicated around 10% of the variance in cancer screening perceptions. Among the various factors examined, health literacy emerged as the most potent predictor of screening perceptions. Individuals possessing higher health literacy demonstrated more favorable attitudes toward cancer screening. Additionally, age surfaced as another notable determinant, with advanced age correlating positively with awareness and receptiveness to screening. This research reveals the pivotal role of health literacy in shaping how Turkish women perceive cancer screening. While a few factors have an impact, the study highlights the urgent need to elevate health literacy levels to foster heightened awareness and engagement in cancer screening programs. The study's findings offer valuable guidance for devising targeted interventions to address disparities in cancer screening perception and participation, particularly among women in low- to middle-income countries such as Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase in population in the world, increasing chronic diseases, infectious diseases and increasing health need, as well as technological developments and accessibility to information increase the importance of health. In the concept of health, which is a social right for individuals, various data such as life expectancy and death rates at birth are considered as an indicator of the development of countries. Various analysis methods are used in order to compare the development of countries, to analyze various data correctly, to provide more efficient service and to use the resources correctly. In this study, output oriented CCR method and DEAP package program are used from DEA modeling which has the ability to analyze many inputs and outputs together. While the prevalence of hepatitis B is considered as an input variable, the output variable is the mother mortality rate of 100,000 live births and the infant mortality rate of 1,000 live births. 44 countries were included in the study, with a general productivity rate of 68 %. Study results with 46 % efficiency rate in Turkey is also active in the three countries where the farthest limit, while the Czech Republic has been involved with 94 % efficiency level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]