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There is a dearth of data about public health in the regular evaluation of heavy metal levels in seafood obtained from public market. This study aimed to examine the levels of essential (copper, zinc) and nonessential metals (cadmium, lead) in the tissues of cultured seabream (Sparus aurata), which was in public market. For this purpose, seabream samples were collected from the public market. And then, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) metal accumulation levels in tissues of the dissected gill, liver, kidney, and muscle were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In order to understand whether the fish posed a risk to public health, risk evaluation formulations (estimated daily intake: EDI, hazard coefficients: HQ, hazard index: HI) were calculated for the muscle tissue. The data showed that Zn, Cd and Pb concentrations were maximal in the kidney tissue of S. aurata and Cu concentration were in the liver tissue, while the minimum heavy metal levels were in the muscle tissue. As a result, the maximum levels of heavy metals in the edible tissue of seabream were found as 0.11 mg Cu/kg wet weight, 0.72 mg Zn/kg wet weight, 0.12 mg Cd/kg wet weight, and 0.34 mg Pb/kg wet weight. Maximum values of them do not indicate any health risks as they are lower than the allowable tolerable levels specified by the international EDI estimation committees. The examined HQ and HI indicators were observed below 1 in all seasons. However, it is always possible for heavy metal intake to pose potential risks. For this reason, it is essential that the results of the study be interpreted from different perspectives and taken into consideration by other scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concentrations of Ag, Cu and Zn were studied in muscle and liver of Barbus plebejus, Cyprinus carpio and Leuciscus cephalus from Kilickaya Reservoir. The heavy metal analysis of samples were carried out by using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean heavy metal concentrations of Ag, Cu and Zn were obtained as 1.47±3.44, 1.65±3.31 and 2.89±4.52 μg/g in muscle and 1.78±4.19, 2.07±3.28 and 10.58±3.88 μg/g respectively in liver for Barbus plebejus, the corresponding figures were 9.67±1.36, 3.53±4.56 and 11.64±21.79 μg/g in muscle and 10.06±1.14, 5.10±4.94 and 55.28±40.77 μg/g in liver for Cyprinus carpio and 8.54±1.55, 1.58±2.93 and 3.16±4.52 μg/g in muscle and 8.15±3.14, 3.35±5.13 and 13.73±11.82 μg/g in liver for Leuciscus cephalus. Zinc concentrations differed significantly between the two tissues (p<0.001). There was a weak and negative correlation of age, total length, weight of fish with metal concentrations for Cu in liver of Leuciscus cephalus (r= -0.599*, p= 0.030; r= -0.476, p= 0.100; r= -0.470, p= 0.105). The concentrations of the Cu and Zn were below the acceptable limit for human consumption in muscle and liver of Barbus plebejus, Cyprinus carpio and Leuciscus cephalus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Cr, Ni and Zn levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in edible muscle and skin tissues of Cyprinus carpio in Çamligöze Dam Lake located at Central Anatolian region of Turkey. The maximum levels were found to be 0.12 (Cr), 2.15 (Ni), 0.51 (Zn) µg/g in the muscle and 0.15 (Cr), 2.07 (Ni), 1.97 (Zn) µg/g in the skin of Cyprinus carpio. It was determined that Ni was the highest metal in tissues. The highest Cr and Zn levels were determined in the skin of Cyprinus carpio, whereas the highest Ni levels were measured in the muscle. The heavy metal accumulation orders for the tissues were as follows: Ni>Zn>Cr in Çamligöze Dam Lake. There was important statistical differences, especially at the level of zinc accumulation in tissues (p<0.001). There was a significant and positive correlation between age, total length, weight and metal levels for Cr (r>0.25, p<0.05) in the muscle and skin of Cyprinus carpio in Çamligöze Dam Lake. The levels of the tested Cr, Ni and Zn were within the acceptable limits of FAO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concentrations of metals were determined in the gills, liver, kidney, heart and muscle in Capoeta umbla caught from six stations from the Munzur River system. Metal concentrations in the tissues tended to vary significantly among stations ( p < 0.05). Liver (Cu, 10.10 ± 0.23-23.03 ± 9.37 ppm; Zn, 14.67 ± 3.01-21.82 ± 2.39 ppm; Cd, 18.04 ± 4.56-52.69 ± 10.65 ppb and Fe, 28.87 ± 6.78-115.11 ± 34.87 ppm) and kidney (Cu, 1.80 ± 0.25-3.70 ± 0.62 ppm; Zn, 20.81 ± 0.37-29.36 ± 0.70 ppm; Cd, 132.06 ± 5.29-639.51 ± 20.14 ppb and Fe, 24.40 ± 1.98-59.39 ± 1.97 ppm) tissues showed higher metal concentrations than other tissues. It seems that metal contamination in the river is too high for the health of fish and the people who eat them. The geographical locations of catch, season, nature of diet, and the size of fish used for analyses might lead to different metal concentration in the same fish species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In the presented study, five different fish species and sediment samples were collected from polluted areas, control samples from unpolluted areas in Yeşilırmak River during 2008–2009. The samples were analyzed using flame and/or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after various digestion methods. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were found below 10%. The accuracy of the methods was confirmed by certified reference materials. The maximum iron, zinc, copper, lead, manganese, nickel and cadmium concentrations were found to be as 116 (Fe), 63.5 (Zn), 2.5 (Cu), 0.56 (Pb), 9.4 (Mn), 10.2 (Ni) and 0.75 (Cd) μg/g in fish samples. The maximum metal concentration in sediment was 3566μg/g for Fe, 463μg/g for Mn, 45.5μg/g for Zn, 38.7μg/g for Cu, 17.3μg/g for Pb, 79.2μg/g for Ni and 0.55μg/g for Cd, respectively. Some species is accumulated trace metals at high ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Determination of the levels and potential health risks of HMs in six fish species in Tigris River. • Comparison with results of prior researches performed around the world. • Assessment of human health risk levels from fish consumption by using multiple approaches. • Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk (CR) and hazard index (HI) from HM values of fish. Tigris River has international importance as it runs through the borders of three countries. The levels and probable public health risks of heavy metals (Mn, Cd, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Pb, Cr, As) in 72 muscle and gill samples out of six fish species in Tigris River, Turkey were determined then compared with results of prior studies. Furthermore, human health risk levels from fish consumption were assessed using multiple approaches. The mean maximum heavy metal levels in the muscles were as follow; 175.88 > 22.34 > 10.29 > 2.81 > 2.76 > 1.68 > 0.33 > 0.25 > 0.05 = 0.05 mg kg−1 for Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > As > Cd = Co, respectively. The highest muscle tissue levels for 8 heavy metals out of 10 measured were found in C. macrostomus species. The mean max. levels of Cu and Pb, the remaining two heavy metals, were measured in muscle tissue of L. abu species. The mean maximum concentrations of heavy metals of Cr, Cu, and Zn in all fish samples were below the maximum permissible limits (MPLs). The carcinogenic risk (CR) values for Pb, Cr, Ni and As were calculated and evaluated respectively in all of the Tigris River's fish species. While CR values calculated for Pb in all species did not pose a risk, it was found above the threshold value of 10−4 for some fish species for Cr, Ni and As. Target hazard quotients (THQs) from metal intake by consuming fish species were below 1 for all heavy metals which indicated no hazard from consumption. In addition, since the hazard index (HI) is lower than "1″, it has been concluded that the consumption of fish species will not pose a potential health risk. Considering by CR values exclusively, the results disclosed that the intake of the analyzed fish species might cause a toxicological hazard and impend to community health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]