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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the level of wheat substitution for corn on the fat metabolism of Tibetan lamb. A total of 90 Tibetan lambs [body weight (BW) of 19.78 ± 2.45 kg] were arranged with three substitution levels of wheat: WC (100 % corn), WL (10 % wheat substitution for corn), and WH (15 % wheat substitution for corn) on a dry matter basis. After the experiment, cry section technology was used to scrutinize the subcutaneous adipose tissue morphology, and genes related to fat metabolism were excavated using high-throughput sequencing technology. According to the study results, fat diameter and fat biovolume of the WL and WH groups were less than the WC group. A total of 506 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology. Compared with the WC group, 66 DEGs were upregulated and 59 DEGs were downregulated in the WL group, and 179 DEGs were upregulated and 269 DEGs were downregulated in the WH group. The top 20 DEGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathway, indicating significant differences in the fat metabolism pathway. Five DEGs were randomly screened for quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) verification, and the results were consistent with the RNA-Seq results, which proved the accuracy of sequencing. In summary, with the increase in the proportion of supplemental wheat, the fat cells became smaller, and the genes related to fat decomposition were significantly upregulated., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

This paper presented the results on the study of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) polymorphisms in Chinese black Tibetan sheep. Via DNA direct sequencing, four variations within 3' untranslated region (UTR) of IRS1, including g.9382T > G, g.9569T > G, g.9572C > T and g.9695A > C were detected in the black Tibetan sheep population. Based on the χ 2 test, those four loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( p  < 0.05). In g.9569T > G locus, genotype of GG possessed advantage on body weight ( p  < 0.05). In g.9572C > T locus, individuals with genotype of TT homozygous mutation decreased significantly on body weight, withers height, body length and chest circumference ( p  < 0.05 or p  < 0.01). In g.9695A > C locus, the body weight and chest circumference were also higher in AA carriers than in CC carriers ( p  < 0.05). Our results provided evidence that polymorphisms in IRS1 were associated with growth efficiency traits by quantitative genetic analysis, and may be used for marker-assisted selection in Chinese indigenous sheep.