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Production of biofuels via biomass pyrolysis has received a strong emphasis since it may produce a wide variety of renewable fuels in liquid (bio-oil), solid (biochar), and gas (syngas) forms. Sugarcane bagasse, waste from the sugar-alcohol industry, is largely produced in Brazil, India, and Thailand and appears as a great biomass option for pyrolysis due to its properties, abundance, and current underutilization. However, sugarcane bagasse properties and pyrolysis operating conditions may directly affect the product properties, distribution, and further application as fuels and chemicals. Thus, it is necessary a thorough study of these subjects. This review brings an overview of biomass and pyrolysis concepts, as well as a collection of improvements in the production of products (bio-oil, biochar, and gas) via sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis. In addition, this review discusses the interaction between process operating conditions and this biomass type to address how the products' properties and yields are affected. • Fast Pyrolysis: an efficient thermochemical process for bio-oil, biochar, and gas production. • Fast Pyrolysis concepts, operational conditions, and reactor configurations were reviewed. • Bio-oil, biochar, and gas production as an alternative for renewable energy world matrix. • Focus on sugarcane bagasse as a raw material for bio-oil, biochar, and gas production. • Upgrading methods for bio-oil, challenges, and future works in the pyrolysis field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]