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Image transformation techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Minimum Noise Fraction and Independent Component Analysis were used for extracting information from the satellite image in various fields, but its application in landform mapping seems to be very less. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the viability of less explored image transformation techniques for delineating coastal dune complex and associated features using European satellite Sentinel 2 multispectral data. Based on the difference in lithology and vegetation cover the study sites has been chosen to extract coastal dune complex features such as dune ridges, dune with or without vegetation, swale with or without vegetation and water. Overall results of ICA shows enhanced visualization followed by PCA in bringing up the fine variations, identifying micro landforms within the dune complex from the optimum band combinations. Thus, sentinel data coupled with advanced image processing technique like ICA could identify maximum information about the boundaries and micro landform within the coastal sand dune complex in a cost-effective manner. However, in areas with dense vegetation cover none of these techniques has given good results in identifying the boundary or in identifying the micro landforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Land use/land cover mapping serves as a basic inventory of land resources throughout the world. Detecting and analyzing the quantitative changes along the earth's surface has become necessary and advantageous because it can result in proper planning, which would ultimately result in improvement in infrastructure development, and economic and industrial growth. This paper examines the changes in land use/land cover types in Tiruchirappalli city, Tamil Nadu from 1998-2006, using remote sensing technology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The spatial and temporal changes of land use/land cover were analyzed through visual interpretation and image classification of IRS remote sensing data collected for years 1998, 2002 and 2006. The results of the study indicated an overall growth in built-up land by 80% over a span of eight years, with an incredible boost (58%) in development from 1998-2002. The area under agricultural wet land was found to have decreased from 3,776 ha to 2,689 ha, with an increase in agricultural dry land from 814 ha to 1,058 ha during this period, suggesting the wastage of land due to excessive use of fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]