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The hospitality industry has been thriving in Taiwan; as a consequence, educational institutions and training programs in the future development of the culinary industry have become extremely important. In vocational education, practical skills were considered the core ability; nevertheless, we examined the importance of creativity in the hospitality and culinary business and challenge the traditional Chinese concept of education in the culinary field. After reviewing creativity literature, a semi-structured interview approach was taken. Data were analyzed according to hermeneutic phenomenology in coding, and in order to eliminate limitations, triangulation was used to cross-reference the findings. Five main themes were found in the structures of how organizations and employees defined creativity and reflection under the traditional Chinese concept. Participants (teachers) gave insights on organizational structure toward creativity. We aimed to contribute to new ways of seeking to raise the academic level of culinary or hospitality education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we applied a 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) metagenomics approach to survey inanimate hospital environments (IHEs) in a respiratory care center (RCC). A total of 16 samples, including 9 from medical devices and 7 from workstations, were analyzed. Besides, clinical isolates were retrospectively analyzed during the sampling period in the RCC. A high amount of microbial diversity was detected, with an average of 1,836 phylotypes per sample. In addition to Acinetobacter, more than 60 % of the bacterial communities present among the top 25 abundant genera were dominated by skin-associated bacteria. Differences in bacterial profiles were restricted to individual samples. Furthermore, compliance with hand hygiene guidelines may be unsatisfactory among hospital staff according to a principal coordinate analysis that indicated clustering of bacterial communities between devices and workstations for most of the sampling sites. Compared to the high incidence of clinical isolates in the RCC, only Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter were highly abundant in the IHEs. Despite Acinetobacter was the most abundant genus present in IHEs of the RCC, potential pathogens, e.g., Acinetobacter baumannii, might remain susceptible to carbapenem. This study is the first in Taiwan to demonstrate a high diversity of human-associated bacteria in the RCC via 16S rRNA metagenomics, which allows for new assessment of potential health risks in RCCs, aids in the evaluation of existing sanitation protocols, and furthers our understanding of the development of healthcare-associated infections.