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Nurses play a crucial role in cancer pain control, but little is known about how well-prepared nurses are to manage cancer pain in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of knowledge about pain management among Taiwanese nurses with different background characteristics and to determine the predictor(s) of nurses'' pain management knowledge. Nurse subjects were recruited by a cross-sectional nationwide survey with stratified sampling from nine hospitals distributed in the four major geographic regions of Taiwan. The Nurses'' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey-Taiwanese version (NKAS-T) and a background information form were used to collect the data. Of 1900 surveys distributed, 1797 valid questionnaires (94.5%) were analyzed. The average correct response rate was 50.5%, with rates ranging from 7–86% for each survey question. Results from stepwise regression showed that nurses with higher mean correct answer scores had BS or higher degrees, had received pain education at professional conferences, had more prior hours of pain education, had longer clinical care experiences, and always worked with cancer patients. Nurses who worked in intensive care units, however, had significantly lower mean correct scores. The results strongly suggest an urgent need to strengthen pain education in Taiwan. The results also provide the direction for developing pain education. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aim: To identify the effect of workplace bullying on the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intentions among clinical nurses., Background: Recent evidence showed that a sense of burnout may cause workplace bullying; nevertheless; few studies have explored the effects of occupational burnout on workplace bullying. Furthermore, whether the experience of workplace bullying can aggregate the effect of occupational burnout on turnover intentions remains unclear., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit nursing staff from two general hospitals in Taiwan. Data measurements comprised demographic characteristics, workplace bullying (Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised), occupational burnout (occupational burnout inventory), and turnover intentions (employee turnover intentions and job destination choice). A hierarchical linear regression model and indirect effect test were conducted to examine the effect of workplace bullying on the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intentions., Results: An indirect effect test confirmed that workplace bullying can exacerbate the effect of occupational burnout on turnover intentions. Nearly one in ten nurses with occupational burnout may have experienced bullying at work, which increased their turnover intentions., Conclusions: Reducing workplace bullying should be considered an important strategy for lowering turnover rates in nursing environments. Nursing mangers should develop appropriate strategies and establish mandatory regulations to create a respectful work environment. Moreover, continuous education and training to empower nursing staff to confront and eliminate workplace bullying are required in healthcare institutions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article for all authors., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Cancer pain is identified as a multidimensional experience, but relatively few brief instruments are available for assessing the complex pain-related experiences of terminal cancer patients in Taiwan. The purposes of this study were to (1) translate and examine the feasibility and psychometric characteristics of the eight-item Multidimensional Pain Inventory-Screening Chinese (MPI-sC) when used with patients having terminal cancer and (2) apply the MPI-sC to examine multidimensional pain-related experiences of terminal cancer patients in Taiwan., Materials and Methods: The MPI-sC was tested in 106 terminal cancer inpatients at a hospice setting in Taipei., Results: The results showed that the MPI-sC has satisfactory face and content validity, feasibility, acceptable internal consistency reliability (overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.75), and overall support of theoretical assumptions. However, instead of the four-factor structure of the original instrument, we found a three-factor structure (with pain intensity and pain interference merged into one factor) that explained 76.73% of the variance. Close to half the patients (48.1%) had considerable levels of pain interference, and a majority (72.6%) reported not having control in life based on the cut-point of MPI-sC categorization., Conclusion: Our results support the brief MPI-sC as a feasible and valid tool for assessing and representing multidimensional pain experiences in terminal cancer patients. The MPI-sC could help clinicians and researchers assess the complex multidimensional pain experiences of terminal cancer patients, including Chinese-speaking cancer populations.