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Aim: To investigate the relationship between abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy and maternal‐fetal outcomes, after categorizing women into groups with different levels of gestational abnormal glucose tolerance. Methods: A total of 1858 pregnant women who received two‐step screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at Fooyin University Hospital were categorized into four groups, according to their glucose abnormalities, and their maternal‐fetal outcomes were investigated from October 2015 to June 2020. Results: Among the groups having different levels of abnormal glucose tolerance, there were significant differences and trends in mother's age, currently married status, and prepregnancy overweight or obesity, incidences of cesarean section, preterm, and gestational hypertension or preeclampsia; and with respect to neonatal incidence of large for gestational age (LGA), average weight, and average height (p < 0.05). After adjusting for potential factors, there were higher incidences of cesarean section (AOR = 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–2.61), preterm (AOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.23–3.91), neonatal LGA (AOR = 4.94; 95% CI: 2.87–8.51), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (AOR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.14–6.24) in the GDM group, relative to the control group. Furthermore, the women in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)‐1 group had a higher incidence of neonatal LGA when compared with the women in the normal group (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.02–5.33). Conclusions: We found higher incidences of cesarean section, preterm, and neonatal LGA and NICU admission in the GDM women, and a higher incidence of neonatal LGA in the OGTT‐1 group, relative to control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prisoner health is a topic of significant importance; however, it has received limited attention in epidemiological studies, likely because of challenges in obtaining relevant data. Specifically, research on ocular disorders among elderly prisoners is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of disorders of the eye and adnexa among elderly prisoners in Taiwan., Methods: We investigated the presence of eye and adnexal disorders in elderly prisoners in Taiwan using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The ocular disorders were identified using the appropriate disease codes in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision Clinical Modification (codes 360-379). In addition, the most common types of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners were identified., Results: A total of 2215 elderly prisoners (age ≥ 65 years; 2073 men and 142 women) were examined. The prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners was 18.87%. The elderly female prisoners exhibited a higher prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders than the elderly male prisoners. The most common disorders were disorders of the conjunctiva, cataract, and disorders of the lacrimal system., Conclusions: A considerable proportion of elderly prisoners have disorders of the eye and adnexa. The overall quality of life of elderly prisoners can be improved by addressing their visual health, which contributes to the fulfillment of their basic human rights., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: The prevalence of skin diseases among prisoners in Taiwan has rarely been investigated. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of skin diseases by sex in a sample of prisoners in Taiwan., Methods: We included 83,048 participants from the National Health Insurance Program. The outcomes were measured using the clinical version of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision. For prevalence, we presented absolute values as well as percentages. We also conducted an X 2 test to assess sex differences and age group differences in the percentages of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases., Results: The prevalence of skin diseases was 42.25%, higher than that in the general population. The prevalence of skin diseases among male prisoners was higher than that among female prisoners (p < 0.001), and the prevalence of skin diseases among prisoners who were ≤ 40 was higher than that among prisoners who were > 40. Among all cases diagnosed with skin disease, the top three diseases were contact dermatitis and other types of eczema, cellulitis and abscess, pruritus, and related conditions. Male prisoners had a significantly higher prevalence of all types of skin diseases than female prisoners., Conclusions: Skin diseases are common in prisoners in Taiwan. Therefore, early prevention and appropriate treatment are needed. Male-specific skin products are also needed, given the differences in the prevalence of skin diseases among male and female prisoners., (© 2023. The Author(s).)