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Blood depletion disease originates from Huangdi Neijing. The clinical symptoms are fullness and discomfort in the chest and hypochondrium, poor diet, hemoptysis, blood in the urine, blood in the stool, even in woman with amenorrhea. The Siwuzeigu Yiluru Pill can be used to treat blood depletion disease, although physicians of later generations had different opinions on the etiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prescription of blood depletion disease. It was even believed that the cuttlefish bone in Siwuzeigu Yiluru Pill has astringent effects, while India madder root is used to promote blood circulation. However, astringent is contrary to the effect of promoting blood circulation, and difficult to grasp clinically, the classic prescription almost disappeared. Zhang Xichun, a famous physician of the Republic of China, inherited the spirit of Huangdi Neijing and integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. He provided innovative research on blood depletion disease in his representative work Records of Tradition Chinese and Western Medicine in Combination, which can be roughly summarized into two points as new prescriptions for ancient diseases and new use of ancient herbal prescriptions. Our team attempted to sort the new prescriptions created by Zhang Xichun to treat blood depletion disease, including Lichong Decoction, Lichong Pill, Zisheng Decoction, Zisheng Tongmai Decoction, Liquan Decoction, Huayu Tongjing Powder, and Shiquan Yuzhen Decoction, from the perspective of new prescriptions for ancient diseases. He believed that stagnation of heart and spleen deficiency and blood stasis underlie the pathogenesis of blood depletion disease, and suggested that the most effective treatment would be to strengthen the vital energy and eliminate the pathogenic factor, while concurrently promoting digestion, removing blood stasis and removing stagnation, nourishing yin for reducing fire. However, we also aimed to discuss Zhang Xichun’s idea of removing the limitation of the contradictory efficacy of cuttlefish bone and India madder root in the new use of the ancient herbal prescription. We used the bidirectional regulating effect of the medicine to remove stagnation and astringency to treat diseases such as morbid vaginal discharge, metrorrhagia, difficulty and pain in micturition, hemafecia, and hematuria, which broadened the applicability of the ancient prescription. These points provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of gynecopathy and andrological disease, which broaden the applicability of the ancient prescription and have important guiding significance for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]