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(Table of Contents).

Purpose: Limited previous studies about Vietnamese returned migrant workers reviewed that a relatively high rate of migrants returned home before their contract ended. This paper aims to explore how the decisions to return were made under social lenses. Design/methodology/approach: This paper analyses data obtained through in-depth interviews of contract workers who had worked in Taiwan with a focus on Phu Tho province in Vietnam. Findings: The authors followed O'Reilly's (2012) adaption of Practice theory in migration research to examine a group of Vietnamese labour migrants returning from Taiwan. Under this theory, external and internal structures are the two divisions of the social environment. The authors identified external structures that might enable or constraint migrant's mobility. When negotiating internal structures, Vietnamese women might end their contract early in response to family obligations. Originality/value: The findings provide insights into how women make their decisions when to return, which may contribute to a better understanding of how to assist women engaged in transnational labour migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the absolute dynamic topography data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service, this paper applies the Topographic Position Index to develop a new approach for mapping the anticyclonic eddies in the South China Sea (SCS). The results show that anticyclonic eddies are active in the deep basin of SCS, and the five selected parameters (number or frequency, lifetime, kinetic energy, amplitude, and area or radius) of anticyclonic eddies have a similar temporal variation and a similar spatial distribution pattern. (1) As for monthly variations, anticyclonic eddies are active in late spring and most active in summer. (2) The El Niño–Southern Oscillation had a stronger impact on the inter-annual variations of anticyclonic eddies in the SCS before 2013, resulting in a significant transition of inter-annual variations of these five parameters in around 2004. After 2013, most of these five parameters had a minimum in 2015 and a maximum in 2017. (3) Analyses show that the eddy activities in the SCS are significantly influenced by the monsoon wind and the western boundary current like Kuroshio. Therefore, the areas southwest of Taiwan Island and east of Vietnam are the two areas where the anticyclonic eddies are most active, with much larger eddy kinetic energy and much higher eddy amplitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will compare the ritual performance in two transnational Buddhist organizations in contemporary Taiwan in attempt to investigate the influencing factors in shaping transnational Buddhism. The traditions of both Buddhist organizations studied in this paper are foreign in Taiwan: one is of Sri Lankan Theravada tradition and the other is of Vietnamese Mahayana tradition. The ritual performance chosen for the discussion is commonly translated into English as "Ghost Festival", though as to be shown later, the translation is somehow inappropriate. I will provide the ethnographic accounts of the Ghost Festival performed by the two organizations for discussion and comparison. Two influencing factors emerge from the comparative study are the role of ritual participants and the perception of the sacred. My discussion will show how these two factors shape Buddhist discourse in transnational context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major analytical research question addressed in this paper is: What are Thailand's strengths and weaknesses as an international education hub for students from the Asian region? The key descriptive research question is: What is the nature of the educational experience of Asian students in Thailand? The two major research methodologies of the study are mixed research methods and comparative case studies, with the use of in-depth interviews of influential experts, surveys, and an autoethnography. In terms of major findings, there has been a dramatic growth of Asian students at Thai universities during the past two decades. Thailand's major advantages relate to low costs, location, quality campus facilities, and a welcoming attitude toward outsiders, while major disadvantages are the quality of many of Thailand's international programs often related to low English language capabilities. The paper concludes by presenting a creative new architecture for thinking about Asian study abroad in Thailand.

Labor exports are currently considered among the most important foreign economic sectors, implying that they contribute to a country's economic development and serve as a strategic solution for employment creation. Therefore, with the support of data collected between 1992 and 2020, this paper proposes that labor exports contribute significantly to Vietnam's socio-economic development. This study also aims to employ the Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), and Random Forest Regression (RFR) models to analyze labor migration forecasting in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan. The study results indicate that the BPNN model was able to achieve the highest accuracy regarding the actual labor exports. In terms of these accuracy metrics, this study will aid the Vietnamese government in establishing new legislation for Vietnamese migrant workers in order to improve the nation's economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Education Research (1680-6360) is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwanese Sociology is the property of Taiwanese Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

COVID-19 has caused a global disaster never seen before. One of the worst damaged industries has been tourism. To propose a solution for these sites, the available literature, and advice on recovering tourism after the COVID-19 crisis were examined and arranged in an integrated smart tourism destination framework. This paper aims to develop new forms of tourism, especially smart tourism in Vietnam, where the information technology industry is flourishing. This main content was based on case studies about smart tourism in Korea and Taiwan. Besides the traditional forms of tourism, smart tourism will develop in Vietnam in the future. The result showed that modern technology had become an essential method in improving tourists' satisfaction and efficiency in transactions related to travel. Furthermore, it will have contributed to changing the face of tourism in many countries worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The various possibilities that social media offers to language learners and teachers have long been recognized by researchers within the field of language instruction, and many studies have been carried out in an attempt to address and unpack its potential contributions. This paper aims to review such research on the use of mainstream social media in language teaching and learning published in "Computer Assisted Language Learning," a top tier (i.e., Q1) journal indexed in major citation index systems (e.g., Arts & Humanities Citation Index, the Social Sciences Citation Index and Scopus), between the years 2016-2020 inclusive. For the purposes of the study, a total of 23 articles that meet the selection criteria is reviewed and presented in five sections. The first section deals with the majority of the articles, which are found to be on the use of social networking in language teaching and learning. In the following sections, studies on the use of videoconferencing, wikis, blogging and forums are discussed. Collectively, the studies reviewed in this paper outline a critical role for the use of social media in language instruction and the study aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, teachers and learners.

This paper presents a compilation of personal reflections from 66 contributors on the impact of, and responses to, COVID-19 in accounting education in 45 different countries around the world. It reveals a commonality of issues, and a variability in responses, many positive outcomes, including the creation of opportunities to realign learning and teaching strategies away from the comfort of traditional formats, but many more that are negative, primarily relating to the impact on faculty and student health and well-being, and the accompanying stress. It identifies issues that need to be addressed in the recovery and redesign stages of the management of this crisis, and it sets a new research agenda for studies in accounting education.

Heeding the call to examine industrial fisheries with a migratory lens, this article explores how homeland processes in Vietnam—linked to the 2016 chemical spill—affect migrant fish workers' work on the high seas. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews in Vietnam and Taiwan, my paper relays two findings. First, the disaster's negative consequences undermined many men and women's ability to adequately contribute to household subsistence. Second, the inability to sustain livelihoods in Vietnam compelled migrant fish workers to exchange longer, and potentially more hazardous, workdays for additional wages and wage advances. These findings illustrate the benefits of studying industrial fisheries with a transnational prospective and can be applied to other contexts, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changeable situation from the late 19th century to the 20th century makes the world's politics, societies and ideologies into a great change. In this epoch, a lot of new problem, new phenomenon and modern ideology appeared. The publication of periodicals, establishment of publishing houses and new writers coming out that promoted modern literature and translated literature growth. Firstly, modern fiction imitated Western model emerged in the South of Vietnamese society, written by romanization language. Secondly, Chinese classical fictions translated into romanization, then published on periodicals; at the same period, with the popularization of romanization words, French classical fictions translated too. Beside that, Chinese people in Sai Gon Cho Ló'n read many of from Hong Kong, Taiwan popular fictions, especially Qiong Yao and Louis Cha's works. These Chinese people whom translated their works into Vietnamese language, which in the first time as a new phenomenon of receiving popular Taiwan fiction in South of Vietnam. This paper, through the modern literature movement under Vietnamese society context, the interaction between Taiwan and Vietnam, the author is deeply going to discuss the phenomenon of receiving popular Taiwanese fiction in Vietnamese society from the early 20th century until nowadays, express the loving Taiwan popular fiction of Vietnamese readers so much so that as a popular craze. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to conduct and evaluate an educational intervention on preventing cervical cancer among married immigrant women of Vietnamese origin. The study design was a quasi-experimental method with two groups. In total, 260 married immigrant women of Vietnamese origin with national health insurance at least 30 years of age were recruited from November 2013 to January 2015 in southern Taiwan. The effects of the educational intervention, including cervical cancer and Papanicolaou test knowledge, attitudes towards cervical cancer, fatalism, barriers to receiving Papanicolaou tests, intention for receiving Papanicolaou tests within the next year, and intention for receiving Papanicolaou tests within the next 3 years, were evaluated. Repeated measures analyses of variance showed significant interactions between the intervention group and time for cervical cancer knowledge, knowledge of Papanicolaou test, attitudes towards cervical cancer, and intention for receiving a Papanicolaou test within the next 3 years; in addition, 71.4 % reported being satisfied or very satisfied with the intervention. The results of this study can provide information for governments to make appropriate health policies for screening behavior of cervical cancer, increase healthcare professionals' competencies towards Vietnamese women, and increase Papanicolaou test screening rates to decrease cervical cancer mortality. Effective interventions may require particular consideration of married immigrant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wolbachia is a ubiquitous endosymbiotic bacterium that manipulates insect reproduction. A notable feature of Wolbachia is male killing (MK), whereby sons of infected females are killed during development; however, the evolutionary processes by which Wolbachia acquired the MK ability remain unclear. The tea tortrix moth Homona magnanima (Tortricidae) harbours three non‐MK Wolbachia strains (wHm‐a, wHm‐b and wHm‐c) and an MK strain wHm‐t. Although wHm‐t and wHm‐c are closely related, only wHm‐t has an MK‐associated prophage region. To understand the evolutionary processes underlying the emergence of MK wHm‐t, we examined Wolbachia infections and phenotypes in 62 tortricid species collected from 39 localities across Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam and Indonesia. PCR assays detected wHm‐c relatives in 51 species and triple infection of wHm‐a, wHm‐b and wHm‐c in 31 species. Apart from Taiwanese H. magnanima, no species exhibited the MK phenotype and were positive for the wHm‐t‐specific prophage. While wHm‐t infection was dominant in Taiwanese H. magnanima, wHm‐a, wHm‐b and wHm‐c were dominant in Japanese H. magnanima populations. These results suggest that wHm‐a, wHm‐b and wHm‐c strains descended from a common ancestor with repeated infection loss and that wHm‐t evolved from the wHm‐c acquiring MK ability in allopatric populations of H. magnanima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the reports in the past decade, some Asian subcontractors, mainly Taiwan, Hong Kong and Korea transnational corporations, tend to be labor abusive in their overseas investment destinations like China or Southeast Asia. Taking Vietnam as an example, this paper raises questions as to why Taiwanese transnational companies can control workplace unions in a trade-union-supportive regime. Given the government's constraint of political rights, and the individualized workplace unions, the function of trade unions in Vietnam is destined to be limited. The trade unions turn out be an arm of management, rather than representing workers' interests in these transnational companies. This article also explores the influence of the newly developed `codes of conducts' from Western buyers. In the survey of three companies which are required to follow the codes of conduct by buyers, trade unions had no more freedom than those in companies without codes of conduct. The paper discusses the implications of this research, offering strategies for labor rights improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of integration and globalization, Both Western culture and Chines culture and ideology have certain impacts on Vietnam society and economy. More and more FDIs flow from Chinese, Hongkong, Taiwan, Europe and USA enter our country, more effects from Chinese and Western ideology and culture on local society and economy. This paper will analyze both positive and negative aspects of this phenomenon, by using qualitative analysis, synthesis, inductive methods combined with historical and dialectical materialism methods. The results can be used to propose policy implications. This study can be expanded for other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rare diseases, also referred to as orphan diseases, are characterised by their low prevalence with majority of them are chronically debilitating and life threatening. Given the low prevalence and the widely dispersed but very small patient base for each disease, there may often be a disproportion in the availability of treatments and resources to manage patients, spur research and train experts. This is especially true in Southeast Asian countries that are currently in the process of implementing or revising their universal health coverage schemes. This paper aims to examine the status of rare disease management in Southeast Asian countries. It will serve as the basis for a more active discussion on how countries in the region can address an under-recognised rare disease burden and enhance national and regional capacities.Methods: The study consists of literature reviews and key stakeholders interviews in six focus countries, including the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand and five countries as best practice, comprising of France, Canada, Australia, Taiwan, and South Korea. Rare disease management initiatives across each country were examined based on the World Health Organization's framework for action in strengthening health systems.Results: The results suggest rare disease management remains challenging across Southeast Asia, as many of the focus countries face fundamental issues from basic healthcare systems to funding. Nonetheless, there are substantial improvement opportunities, including leveraging best practices from around the world and organising a multi-stakeholder and regional approach and strategy.Conclusions: Southeast Asian countries have made significant progress in the management of rare disease, but there remain key areas for substantial development opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture is the soul of a nation and literature can shed light on the understanding of a nation's culture. This paper focuses on the translation of Taiwanese literary and historical literary works in Vietnam, and how it has shifted the Vietnamese readers' perception of Taiwanese literature. Previously, Taiwanese culture and literature were only vaguely perceived, and often viewed as regional literature by Vietnamese readers. However, Taiwanese literature has been increasingly translated in Vietnam in the recent years. This gradually shifts the Vietnamese readers' perception of Taiwanese culture, bolstering their understanding of Taiwan's native literature. With the increasing presence of translated literary works in Vietnam, the culturally distinct native spirit embodied in Taiwanese literature has attracted the attention of Vietnamese readers. As such, Taiwanese literature is being recognized as an independent literary entity in Vietnam. On this basis, we anticipate that Taiwanese culture and literature will become an important research topic in the Vietnamese literary academia that is worth exploring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent science education reforms center at having students learn the practices of scientists. In this study, we aim at exploring how science curricular documents reflect the latest updates from the "practice turn" reform. To do that, we utilize the notion of the scientist's ways of doing science as a perspective to observe the distribution of components constituting scientific practices in national science curricula. Current literature provides several curriculum analysis frameworks based on taxonomies of cognitive demands or international tests. Still, those frameworks are either not intended for science curricula or limited in indicators and hence failed to capture an updating picture of science curricula that reflect the recent practice turn. We employ multiple case study research design and qualitative content analysis approach to compare learning outcomes in Taiwan and Vietnam's two national science curricula. Results from this study offer maps of scientific practices across curricular documents and relevant suggestions for stakeholders to improve science curricula. The study opens a new direction on researching science curricula to make science learning approaching the scientist's ways in reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore caregivers' perceptions of the public library's role in supporting early literacy and family engagement in the digital age in Asia. Family engagement is important from birth through young adulthood, and public libraries matter for family engagement. However, this topic has been little explored in Asian countries. Structured interviews were conducted with librarians, followed by a survey approach to understand what caregivers of five- to 12-year-old children think about the scope of family engagement practices in public libraries in Taiwan, Malaysia, and Vietnam. In total, 454 valid questionnaires were collected. Findings show that caregivers value the importance of public libraries' role in promoting family engagement in the digital age in Taiwan, Malaysia, and Vietnam. In order to reap the rewards of family engagement practices, public libraries are suggested to build relationships with families through proactively understanding families' interests and needs, involving families in the library decision-making process, and engaging families in both print-based and digital literacy programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to construct a scheme that makes it possible to compare the relationship between water usage, satisfaction, and physical properties in three countries. The physical properties of the shower were measured using physical properties testing apparatus of water-saving standard or scheme for shower heads issued in several water-saving countries and data for users satisfaction evaluation was acquired through bathing experiments. In this paper, we analyzed the result from Taiwanese and Vietnamese individuals to compare them to of Japanese subjects analyzed in the previous study. We compared the physical properties of showers assessed low in satisfaction by Taiwanese, Vietnamese and Japanese subjects. It was assumed that spray pattern tends to decrease satisfaction when the water volume ratio within 100 mm and 150 mm of a measuring device is located a 450 mm distance from the showerhead is low, and that, because all three countries showed the same value, it was imagined that there were no differences in the water volume ratio of high-satisfaction showerheads among three countries. On the other hand, the values of Spray Force-per-Hole, Temperature Drop, and Spray Angle were different among three countries. We speculated that these differences are affected respectively by ethnic differences in pain tolerance, thermoregulatory response and bathing habit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines marriage migration in Asia through the lens of transnationalism. We pull together results from various studies we conducted on marriage migration in Vietnam and Taiwan between 2004 and 2010, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Our main contention is that marriage migration constitutes a significant vector of social change for both sending and receiving areas of migrants. We examine the gendered aspects of this transformation, since the vast majority of migrant spouses in Asia are women. We use the concept of ‘transnationalism from below’ to frame the social impact of marriage migration. In this paper, we first review activities of marriage migrants and their families that constitute either economic or social transnationalism. In the second part, we discuss how these transnational activities contribute to social change in both societies. In brief, the paper shows the far-reaching significance of this migration flow for the region and aims to move forward the conceptualization of marriage migration in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Reconstructing the role of provenance and transport mechanism of sediments deposited in deep-water environments is often complex because of myriad of factors such as variability in sediment sources, tectonics, bottom morphology, climatic changes and sea level fluctuations as well as current regime. The South China Sea (SCS) is situated at the tectonic intersection of the Pacific, Eurasian, and Indo-Australian plates, and provides an excellent natural laboratory for understanding source-to-sink transport processes of fluvial sediments. The Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB) is located in the northern part of the SCS, and the deep-water area (>300 m) of the QDNB has a good hydrocarbon source and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions with a tremendous thickness since the late Miocene-Quaternary. However, the complex sources and transport mechanisms of sediments in the QDNB are undefined. In previous study QDNB may have a major provenance or a mixture of sources. In this paper, the sediments of two cores from the deep-water area of QDNB have been analyzed using several sedimentological and geochemical approaches, including measurements of grain size distribution(433 samples), the occurrence of minerals, and trace element geochemistry(37 samples)as well as strontium and neodymium isotopes(20 samples).The granularity analysis results first show that the 19S37 core can be divided into three stages while the 19S40 core is divided into two stages by clear vertical variations in grain size characteristics. Chlorite (62.0%) and Muscovite (33.6%) appear to be the predominant minerals in the 19S37 core, while the mineral assemblage of sediments from 19S40 mainly consists of kaolinite (37.4%), muscovite (29.2%) and chlorite (27.1%). The primitive mantle standardization curves and chondrite standardized distribution patterns of 19S37 and 19S40 are consistent and display enrichments in Th, U, Pb, and Nd and depletions in Ba, Nb, Sr, and Eu. In addition, the content of Sr fluctuates greatly with depth, which should reflect the influences of sea level changes and the relative proportion of various provenance components. The 143Nd/144Nd ratios and εNd values of the sediments from 19S37 are higher than those of the sediments from 19S40, and all the εNd values show narrow variations and range from −10.085 to −11.080. We conclude that the sediments of the deep-water area in the upper Pleistocene-Holocene were mainly from the sources of the Red River, Taiwan, Pearl River, Hainan Island, and Vietnam. The transport mechanism of the sediments from Hainan Island can be explained by the short distance between the source region and the sedimentary site, while the large amounts of terrigenous sediment inputs derived from the Red River and advantageous morphology make the Red River the largest sediment source to cores 19S37 and 19S40. The transport distance and amount of Deep Water Current could be even more powerful to make Taiwan be the second largest source of modern sediments in QDNB. • 19S37 core can be divided into three stages while the 19S40 core is divided into two stages. • The sediment of the deep-water area QDNB is mainly from the sources of the Red River. • The Pearl River and Taiwan Island have significant contributions to the whole NSCS. • The deep-water current and shallower Kuroshio current are the main pathways. • Sediments from the Pearl River were mainly transported by the Guangdong Coastal Current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines generalized trust and trust in institutions in Confucian Asia, covering six countries namely, China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam, and one dependent region, Hong Kong. Using data from the 2006 AsiaBarometer Survey, our study affirms the reliability and validity of using a two-item scale to measure generalized trust. Our analysis suggests that due to demographic differences, there are variations in the level of generalized trust of countries in Confucian Asia, despite the fact that these societies share a similar background in Confucian philosophy. The relationships between generalized trust and political trust, and between generalized trust and trust in public institutions, are weak but positive. The positive relationship between generalized trust and trust in economic institutions is only significant for some of the economies, while trust in international institutions has the weakest relationship with generalized trust for all societies. We conclude the paper with research implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to emphasize that procedural justice has a contribution to parent-subsidiary links within multinational enterprises (MNEs). Design/methodology/approach -- A mailed survey is adopted in this study. A total of 152 valid and complete questionnaires were returned from the respondents. Structural equation modeling and Chow test are used in this research paper. Findings -- Based on structural equation modeling, three significant dimensions of the parent-subsidiary links are found to contribute to the financial performance of the subsidiaries (resource commitment, information flow, and control flexibility). Based on Chow test, these dimensions can lead to better financial performance under greater procedural justice in the decision-making processes of MNEs. Research limitations/implications -- This study only collected information from Taiwanese multinational firms in East Asia and the Pacific countries, including China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Generally, these regions are the emerging market, with structurally volatile but fast-growing economies. In addition, further studies can extend the research to other countries, Environmental interferences, such as culture and legal rules, were not considered in this study. Practical implications -- In reality, although the due process is sometimes neglected because of time limitations or lack of patience, superior managers still should pay more attention to the processes of strategic decision making to keep the procedure fair and transparent. Originality/value -- This paper underlines the importance and value of the procedural justice in MNE management. The exercise of the procedural justice motivated subsidiary managers to aim for better financial performance with voluntary effort and their best ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expatriates are crucial for multinational corporations' internationalization strategy due to their connective position between headquarters and overseas branches. Understanding expatriates' willingness to remain in the foreign branches may allow organizations to avoid wasting the substantial cost of international human resource transitions and to strengthen the effectiveness of firm strategic deployment. Perceived causality orientation in the international job transition may influence how expatriates cognitively adjust themselves to fit into a new cultural environment, though little work has considered the psychological processes that influence employees' intention to stay. The study, therefore, explores the relationship between expatriates' causality orientation and their intention to remain in the foreign position through the mediating effect of cross-cultural adjustment process. This considers the social cognitive theory (SCT) and investigates the moderating role of expatriates' self-efficacy and perceived organizational support for their career. The hypotheses proposed in this paper are tested using a unique sample of 219 Taiwanese expatriates in Vietnam. Results show that expatriates with high levels of internal control personality have higher cross-cultural adjustment, and expatriates with better adjustment in different cultural contexts have stronger willingness to stay. However, external locus of control weakens the expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment process when they have low levels of self-efficacy. Counterintuitively, the findings suggest that expatriates' perceived organizational career support will reduce the positive relationship between their cross-cultural adjustment and the intention to stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, taking statistic test approach, was conducted to explore the manifest components, focusing on organizational culture, organizational empowerment, and self-efficacy, which have been approved as crucial factors vitalizing nursing staff' career enthusiasm. We adopted a cross-sectional research design, and used the organizational culture, organizational empowerment and self-efficacy scales as the research instruments. From August 10 to September 25, 2021, the head nurses collected data using questionnaires. Selected participants were the nursing staff in hospitals from Taiwan, Indonesia and Vietnam, with a total of 302 valid questionnaires were collected. Descriptive statistical analysis, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance test, Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis was carried out. Taiwan's organizational culture score is the highest, followed by Vietnam and Indonesia; In terms of organizational empowerment, Indonesia has the highest score, followed by Taiwan and Vietnam; In terms of self-efficacy, Vietnam has the highest score, followed by Taiwan and Indonesia. Organizational empowerment indirectly affects self-efficacy through organizational culture. Organizational culture plays an important role in organizational empowerment that affects self-efficacy. It is recommended that qualitative and in-depth research and face-to-face in-depth interviews will be helpful for the depth and connotation of the research data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taiwan's vocational wood-furniture schools still focus only on the traditional manual training strategy, and so students' knowledge of the furniture-manufacturing process is fragmented. Moreover, they possess limited manual skills without learning the workflows and strategies of furniture production, which is inadequate for satisfying the direct work demands of the furniture industry overseas. In response, through virtual reality (VR) technology, this study employed simulations of the furniture production lines in a large Vietnamese furniture-manufacturing factory, enabling students to experience and observe the manufacturing process of furniture production through VR to overcome the limitations in the present teaching environment. In doing so, we recruited 29 freshmen majoring in a furniture-and-woodworking program and divided them into an experimental group (N=15) and a control group (N=14). They were trained with actual furniture production-process cases according to the furniture mass-production process, including paper-based tests, equipment configuration re-draws and production planning table writing. The results showed that the students in the experimental VR-training group had superior judgment concerning the concept of batch furniture production line. This indicates that applying VR technology to the vocational training of batch furniture production effectively enhanced the students' familiarity of the fast and dynamic production situation of furniture production lines.

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the holistic picture of sustainability curricula in Asian higher education. Design/methodology/approach: Content analysis was conducted based on Asian management education for sustainability in higher education. Online courses arrangement, teaching methods, instructors' educational background and cross-referencing data between triple bottom line and sustainability courses have been investigated. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about the current state of sustainability education in Asia. The results show that there is an opportunity for interdisciplinary integration, as there are imbalanced sustainability courses offered by business, science and engineering schools. It also suggests that Asian universities should add an international connection and active promotion of sustainability education on their Web sites. Research limitations/implications: Findings are based on web-based sustainability-related courses. Future research could apply method of case study to do a deeper study. Practical implications: The paper provides an overview of Asian management education for sustainability and curricula analysis through our research, and that this will further assist in the development of interdisciplinary integration in Asian management education for sustainability. Originality/value: This paper is the first attempt to gain better understanding of sustainability-related courses offered in leading business/management colleges in Asia.

This qualitative study explored the importance of scholarship policies toward international graduate students during their studies at a regional university in Taiwan from the "push-pull" framework. Ten participants representing Indonesia, Vietnam, and India, the University's three largest international student groups, were interviewed. The analysis of the 10 semi-structured interviews investigates international students' choices to attend a regional university, and whether scholarship policy impacts their decision-making. Findings revealed the different influences of scholarship policy on international graduate students from majors and departments in their academic and financial adjustment. Key advantages and disadvantages of current scholarship policies are discussed with regards to students' experiences. Moreover, the study provides suggestions about recruitment and retention policies in terms of Englishtaught degree programs and institutional scholarship programs, particularly for Taiwanese regional universities seeking to expand their international student enrollment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research is the property of Hindawi Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taiwanese-managed factories in Vietnam treat workers better than in China. This paper seeks to explain this unexpected phenomenon. Four factors are seen to contribute to this difference: the two country's household registration systems, the living arrangements of workers in these factories, the behavior of the two nations' trade unions and, crucially, the role played by the two governments. This comparative study concludes that intervention by the state is critical in improving labor conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on a paper written by researcher David Nunan, which addresses the need for more research into the impact of English as a global language. Nunan's article reports a study of seven Asian-Pacific countries, including China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Vietnam and their changing education policies arising from the globalization of English. Beyond obvious problems in undertaking to study and represent such a large region as the Asia Pacific, Nunan's selection and naming of the states within this region are troubling. He distinguishes China from Hong Kong and Taiwan, yet does not accord Tibet and Xinjiang the same sensitivity. A more serious problem is Nunan's painting of China as a homogenous country. Nunan's data included "government and quasi-government documents" and interviews with stakeholders and officials, publishers, and teachers, which led to his claim that "English appears to have little impact" on the "Chinese language." These data sources are unlikely to represent Indigenous or minority people's interests.

The photographic essay, 'Quiet Dream', by photographer and lecturer Oh Soon-Hwa, represents the culmination of years of work with young Vietnamese women during a "bride phase" in Vietnam, which refers to a period of waiting before leaving home and kin to travel overseas in order to marry foreign men, usually in Taiwan and South Korea. This series was taken on and around a small island in the region of the Mekong Delta (one of the poorest areas in Vietnam), nicknamed "Taiwan Island", where many young women are pressured to marry foreigners for various complex reasons, which the author discusses. Oh's photographic essay focuses on the beauty and serenity of the environment surrounding these women while they have to deal with diverse expectations, which includes leaving behind part of their identity, the familiar landscape, climate, language, family, friends, traditions, and way of living. Until recently, studies on marriage migration have tended to focus on remittances and the economic impact of migration. New studies adopt a more comprehensive social perspective, examining the effects of migration on the social fabric of the migrants' home community. Placed in the context of these ongoing studies, Oh's work is important in drawing attention to the lives and identities of these women (what they give up) before entering into marriage migration. My article focuses on two aspects of Oh's photographs: 1) the technique of stitched photography; and 2) the compo-sition of the photograph, particularly the choice of dress worn by the subject. Half of the portraits are stitched photographs, which is a technique that merges together several photographs to form a unique piece, with the aim of providing a wider view of the environment of the subject. This method of stitching also bears testimony to the stitched futures of these women; the hopes and dreams they harbour as foreign brides, as well as the familiar landscapes and identities they leave behind, all "stitched" together as it were, to constitute a hopeful, but also unsure, resigned and imagined future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the efficacy of the Vietnamese government's policy to use international labour migration, specifically domestic workers, as a tool for the economic development of women. Several context-specific factors, including social and cultural, were found to limit the size and duration of the development impact of such a policy. The article concludes that international labour migration cannot be a substitute for government policies and programmes supporting skill development and industrial investments in the poorer provinces of Vietnam, which are home to many of the labour migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study constructed an Active Aging Index (AAI) for Vietnam and compares Vietnam's AAI with those of China, Korea, Taiwan, and 28 countries in the European Union. Methods A survey of 1,105 people aged 55 or above in three provinces from the northern, central, and southern parts of Vietnam was conducted. Active aging was measured using the AAI; its 22 indicators were grouped into four domains: employment, social participation, independent/healthy/secure living, and enabling environments. Results Of the 32 countries reviewed, Vietnam ranked I Ith. It ranked high for employment (1st) and social participation (5th) but low for independent/healthy/secure living (32nd) and enabling environments (26th). Conclusion Three policy priorities were identified: maintaining a high preference-driven social and workforce participation rate among older adults; promoting medical care and healthy behaviors among older adults; and improving other poorly performing aspects of active aging, including voluntary activities, poverty risk, Internet usage, and lifelong learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) is an important member of the genus Nanovirus and is transmitted by the aphid Aphis craccivora. MDV has multiple single‐stranded DNA genome components, each approximately 1 kb, and two or three alpha‐satellite molecules. It mainly infects plants of the legume family Fabaceae. Recently, papaya (Carica papaya) collected in Yesan, South Korea, displaying symptoms of leaf yellowing and dwarfism, was identified as a new host for MDV. To examine the geographical distribution of MDV, papaya samples with symptoms were harvested in South Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan in August 2018, along with tomato and pepper samples grown in adjacent fields in Vietnam. The results revealed the presence of MDV not only in papaya but also in pepper and tomato. This MDV infection in members of the Solanaceae family was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization performed using a PCR product of segment S as a probe. Based on sequence analysis of three MDV components (M, S, and C3), we verified the presence of three different isolates of MDV in these three countries and homology between sequences of isolates from papaya and from members of the Solanaceae from Vietnam. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate MDV infection in Vietnam and Taiwan for the first time and confirm that MDV can infect economically important pepper and tomato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to cross-examine a model about how personality traits, personal values and perceived cultural values contribute to diversity value orientation (DVO) and attitudes toward sport provision diversity (SDA) in three countries: the United States of America (USA), Taiwan (TW) and Vietnam (VN). A questionnaire was distributed both online (via Google form) and the hard copy and it was completed by 142, 145 and 333 college students in the USA, TW and VN respectively where 48% were males. Convenience sampling was employed via mailing lists, social networks, selected courses and university lecturers. The results showed that the USA group seemed to have higher OE (open to experience), S (stimulation), SD (selfdirection) and stronger SDA than the VN group. The TW group was lower than the USA group in OE and S, but higher than the VN group in OE. The analyses of structural equation modeling showed that LPD (low power distance) played as major predictor of DVO and SDA in the model. The explained variance of DVO was 68.8%, whereas SDA was 49.1%. Comparison of the models among the three countries showed that the model worked best in the VN group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The equivalent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) by Mahayana Buddhists with vegetarian diets is quantitatively evaluated. The Buddhists in seven Mahayana-dominated countries or regions, i.e., China, Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, are studied. Assessments of the vegetarian population among these Mahayana-dominated countries or regions are performed. Correlation formulas based on data from a national survey are developed to quantify the GHGEs of various dietary groups by using the meat consumption as the only required input. To demonstrate its reliability, the prediction from the formulas developed is first compared with the results of a food production-and-consumption study using a different approach. Then, the formulas are used to assess the GHGE reduction due to Mahayana Buddhists with vegetarian diets. The assessment indicates that Mahayana Buddhists with vegetarian diets account for the equivalent GHGE reduction of 48.83 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, which is a huge amount and is equal to 11.3 or 8.9% of the GHGEs from France or the UK in 2012, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gnamptogenys taivanensis group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ectatomminae) is a species-group that contains eight described species known from southern China, Taiwan, and northern Vietnam. The taxonomy of the group remains poorly understood due to limited morphological evidence (mostly relying on the morphology of the worker caste), the complete lack of molecular evidence, as well as poor sampling effort: most of the species except G. taivanensis have so far been known only from one or two localities in southern China each, and are allopatric to each other. However, our recent collection of many colonies of G. taivanensis group from three localities (Tay Con Linh, Phia Oac - Phia Den, and Hoang Lien Son) in the northern mountainous region of Vietnam showed remarkable diversity in the external morphology of workers, even within a single locality. The present study thus aims to explore species delimitation of the G. taivanensis group in the region using a combination of phylogenetic and morphometric analyses. Phylogenetic analyses for the genome-wide sequence datasets generated by MIG-seq and morphometric analysis using Nest-Centroid (NC) clustering consistently recovered seven major lineages of the G. taivanensis group (six Vietnamese and one Taiwanese lineages), with four singleton colonies for which these analyses yielded inconsistent and complex pictures. Moreover, the sympatric occurrence of the two or three lineages in each of the three localities of northern Vietnam is indirect evidence of the presence of reproductive isolation among these lineages. These lines of evidence strongly support heterospecificity of the lineages. However, phylogenetic analysis for mitochondrial COI gene showed an almost incompatible pattern with these lineages, possibly due to incomplete lineage sorting and/or introgressive hybridisation. A future comprehensive study on a larger geographic scale is needed to clarify the placement of the singleton colonies and conduct a formal taxonomic revision of the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Taiwanese Journal of Sociology is the property of Taiwanese Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dwarf spiders are of special interest due to their sexually dimorphic prosomal structures in males. Glandular secretions within these structures serve as nuptial gifts, and thus sexual selection may have contributed to their high species richness. However, species diversity of dwarf spiders in East Asia is yet understudied. Here, we review the erigonine genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006, and describe 13 new species from Taiwan: S. magniclypeus sp. n. (♂♀), S. shihchoensis sp. n. (♂♀), S. shoukaensis sp. n. (♂♀), S. hirticephalus sp. n. (♂♀), S. mingchihensis sp. n. (♂♀), S. makauyensis sp. n. (♂♀), S. lixiangae sp. n. (♂♀), S. curviductus sp. n. (♂♀), S. tsou sp. n. (♂♀), S. hehuanensis sp. n. (♂♀), S. seediq sp. n. (♂♀), S. meifengensis sp. n. (♂♀), and S. atayal sp. n. (♂♀). In addition, one new species from Vietnam, S. tamdaoensis sp. n. (♂), is described from museum material. We reconstructed the dimension of glandular tissues associated with male prosoma modifications in Shaanxinus, as well as the detailed palpal structure by micro-computer tomography. Placement within Shaanxinus and intrageneric relationships were inferred by means of a cladistic analysis based on morphological characters. Sequences of COI, 16S, and 28S genetic markers corroborated the monophyly of some species, as well as male-female matching. Poly-/paraphyly of morphologically delimitated species in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) trees led to the discovery of two seemingly identical species, for which diagnostic morphological features could then be further identified. We discuss incomplete lineage sorting and introgression as possible causes of mtDNA poly-/paraphyly in morphologically indistinguishable specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]