1. Metabolomic fingerprint of severe obesity is dynamically affected by bariatric surgery in a procedure-dependent manner.
- Author
-
Gralka E, Luchinat C, Tenori L, Ernst B, Thurnheer M, and Schultes B
- Subjects
- Adult, Amino Acids, Aromatic metabolism, Amino Acids, Branched-Chain metabolism, Blood Banks, Body Mass Index, Citric Acid metabolism, Discriminant Analysis, Female, Gastric Bypass methods, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, Metabolomics methods, Middle Aged, Monte Carlo Method, Obesity blood, Obesity metabolism, Obesity, Morbid metabolism, Obesity, Morbid surgery, Pyruvic Acid metabolism, Switzerland, Amino Acids, Aromatic blood, Amino Acids, Branched-Chain blood, Citric Acid blood, Gastric Bypass adverse effects, Obesity, Morbid blood, Pyruvic Acid blood, Up-Regulation
- Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with multiple diseases. Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapy for severe obesity that can reduce body weight and obesity-associated morbidity. The metabolic alterations associated with obesity and respective changes after bariatric surgery are incompletely understood., Objective: We comprehensively assessed metabolic alterations associated with severe obesity and distinct bariatric procedures., Design: In our longitudinal observational study, we applied a (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance-based global, untargeted metabolomics strategy on human serum samples that were collected before and repeatedly ≤1 y after distinct bariatric procedures [i.e., a sleeve gastrectomy, proximal Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and distal RYGB]. For comparison, we also analyzed serum samples from normal-weight and less-obese subjects who were matched for 1-y postoperative body mass index (BMI) values of the surgical groups., Results: We identified a metabolomic fingerprint in obese subjects that was clearly discriminated from that of normal-weight subjects. Furthermore, we showed that bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy and proximal and distal RYGB) dynamically affected this fingerprint in a procedure-dependent manner, thereby establishing new fingerprints that could be discriminated from those of BMI-matched and normal-weight control subjects. Metabolites that largely contributed to the metabolomic fingerprints of severe obesity were aromatic and branched-chain amino acids (elevated), metabolites related to energy metabolism (pyruvate and citrate; elevated), and metabolites suggested to be derived from gut microbiota (formate, methanol, and isopropanol; all elevated)., Conclusion: Our data indicate that bariatric surgery, irrespective of the specific kind of procedure used, reverses most of the metabolic alterations associated with obesity and suggest profound changes in gut microbiome-host interactions after the surgery. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02480322., (© 2015 American Society for Nutrition.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF