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The objective was to compare two cohorts of elderly people, 70 and 80 years old, with respect to dental status and self-assessed chewing ability. The hypotheses were as follows: (i) dental status is associated with self-assessed chewing ability; (ii) chewing ability is poorer among the 80- than the 70-year-old subjects. Identical questionnaires were in 2012 sent to all subjects born in 1942 and 1932, living in two Swedish counties. The response rate was 70.1% resulting in samples of 5697 70- and 2922 80-year-old subjects. Answers to questions on self-assessed chewing ability, dental status and some other factors have been analysed. Dental status varied but was in general good; 72% of the 70- and 60% of the 80-year-old subjects reported that they had all or only few missing teeth. Rate of edentulism was 3% and 7%, respectively. Removable partial dentures were reported by 6% and 10%, respectively, implant treatment by 13% in both cohorts. Self-assessed chewing ability was mostly good and correlated with the number of teeth (Spearman rho = 0.46). A majority of the edentulous subjects assessed their chewing ability as very or fairly good. Logistic regression showed that self-assessed chewing ability was significantly associated with a number of dental variables but also with general health. In conclusion, dental status was relatively good at both ages but somewhat poorer in the older cohort. Dental status, some other dental variables and being healthy were in both age groups significantly associated with self-assessed chewing ability., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Unlabelled: The aim was to study the prevalence and distribution of number of teeth, number of intact and decayed teeth and prevalence and distribution of removable dentures and periodontal disease over 25 years 1983-2008. Two cross-sectional studies (EpiWux) were performed in the County of Dalarna, Sweden in 1983 and 2008. In the 1983 study a random sample of 1012 individuals were invited to participate in this epidemiological and clinical study and 1440 individuals in 2008. A total number of 1695 individuals, stratified into geographical areas (rural and urban areas), in the age groups 35, 50, 65 and 75 answered a questionnaire and were also clinically and radiographically examined.The number of edentulous individuals decreased from 15% in 1983 to 3% in 2008. Number of teeth increased from 22.7 in 1983 to 24.2 in 2008 and decayed surfaces per tooth showed a three-time reduction over this period of time. As a consequence of better oral status the prevalence of complete removable dentures in both jaws decreased from 15% in 1983 to 2% in 2008. Individuals with moderate periodontitis decreased from 45% in 1983 to 16% in 2008., Conclusion: Covering a period of 25 years the present study can report dramatic improvements in all aspects of dental status that were investigated.This is encouraging for dental care professionals, but will not necessarily lead to less demand for dental care in the future as the population is aging with a substantial increase in number of teeth.

Objectives: To study the agreement between self-reported dental conditions and clinical findings in an adult population (20-84 years of age), and thus evaluate questionnaires as a tool in epidemiological studies of oral health, in general, and periodontal health, in particular., Material and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 900 randomly selected subjects in the age groups 20-29, 50-59 and 75-84 years. Of these, 723 subjects (81.0%) answered the questionnaire and 20% of them underwent a clinical examination., Results: As regards the remaining teeth, there was a mean difference of 1.4 teeth between the number indicated in the questionnaire and that found on the clinical examination. This difference was most marked in the older subjects. Eight of the nine subjects with removable dentures reported in their answers that they had removable dentures. Periodontal variables--we found significantly more subjects with pathological gingival pockets among those who stated that they had pockets than among those who answered that they did not (P = 0.01; chi-square independent test). Gingival bleeding was common in those who answered 'Yes' than in those who answered 'No' to the question concerning bleeding gums. This difference was significant (P = 0.05; chi-square independent test) in the three age groups. However, there was no correlation between the questionnaires and the clinical examination concerning tooth mobility., Conclusion: Questionnaires concerning oral status are valid concerning the number of remaining teeth and use of removable dentures. They are less reliable about specific periodontal variables, but can still become a valuable tool for epidemiological studies of periodontal health.

Background: The use of oral implants in prosthodontics has become widespread and regarded as a predictable treatment modality. However, there is a lack of knowledge among the general population about the prevalence and need for implant treatments., Purpose: This study was undertaken to register and compare the prevalence of dental implants and the subjective need for implant treatment among people in Sweden and Denmark., Materials and Methods: Random samples taken from the national population registers in Sweden and Denmark comprised 1001 Swedish subjects aged 55 to 79 years and 1175 Danish subjects aged 45 to 69 years. Subjects were requested to fill out questionnaires regarding dental conditions, subjective need for implant treatment, whether they had received treatment with dental implants during the previous 10 years, and so on., Results: Of the Swedes, 4.8% reported that they had dental implants, compared with 2.5% of the Danes. In the Swedish sample, age was significantly associated with subjective need for implant treatment. In the Danish sample, women showed a significantly higher subjective need for implant treatment than did men., Conclusions: Compared with the Swedish sample, the subjective need for treatment with dental implants was higher in the Danish sample, although the patient fees were substantially higher in Denmark.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of two different dental care systems on dental status, taking into account relevant socio-economic factors., Basic Research Design: Questionnaire studies on randomly sampled subjects in Denmark and Sweden using questionnaire forms as identical as possible with regard to the different languages., Setting: The studies were performed late in 1998 in both countries., Participants: Questionnaires were sent to 1,175 subjects aged 45-69 years in Denmark (response rate 73%) and to 1,001 subjects aged 55-79 years in Sweden (response rate 67%)., Main Outcome Measures: Questions about dental status and about socioeconomic factors and attitudes toward dental care were included. In logistic regression models, various dichotomies of dental conditions were used as dependent variables. State (Denmark vs. Sweden) was used as an independent variable together with socioeconomic factors and attitudes., Results: There were great differences between the countries in dental status. In the regression model with 'wearing removable denture(s)' as the dependent variable, state was the strongest predictor with an OR of above 4.1 for Denmark compared to Sweden. much stronger than variables such as age, income, education and residence., Conclusion: The results indicate that the Swedish dental care system has been superior to the Danish one regarding dental status in middle aged and older populations in these two countries.

There were two aims of this study. First, the frequency of edentulism and denture wearers among 464 residents in long-term units in Göteborg, Sweden, was evaluated. Second, the dentures were examined to determine whether they were marked correctly for identification. Of the subjects, 46% were edentulous in both jaws, and 13% in one jaw. Among complete denture wearers, 47% of the patients had at least one identification-marked denture. Removable partial dentures, worn by 26 subjects, were marked to a lesser extent (32%). Since there are many edentulous people among the elderly in most parts of the world we suggest that removable dentures are marked with the patient's name or identification number.

The Swedish Patient Insurance Scheme includes a guarantee insurance for prosthetic treatment. Retreatments of failures, up to 2 years after cementation of fixed prosthodontics and 1 year after delivery of removable prosthodontics, are covered by the guarantee insurance scheme. Almost all private practitioners were included in this scheme at the time of the study in 1989. During a specific period all claims were studied at the time of reporting, when annexed radiographs and so forth could be analyzed. One hundred and thirty-six claims were recorded with regard to treatment injury, reasons for remake, latency times from cementation or delivery to diagnosis, and details about the teeth or constructions involved in the claim. The dentist's opinion of the cause of the failure was also recorded. The reports covered treatment injuries, most of them root perforations during preparation for a post. The guarantee claims for single crowns concerned porcelain fractures, loss of retention, and root fractures as the most frequent failures. For fixed partial dentures the failures were recorded as loss of retention, porcelain fractures, tooth or root fractures, and metal framework fractures in that order. The dentist gave information about his/her opinion of the reason for the failure in only 38.5% of the claims. There were, however, no clear findings about the reasons for the failures.

On the basis of data from a questionnaire study of 3000 inhabitants of Orebro County, Sweden, aged 45-69 years, the relative importance of various socioeconomic factors for dental conditions were analyzed in stepwise logistic regression models. Two different patterns were found: one in relation to the best dental condition (complete dental arches), another in relation to the poorest conditions (total edentulousness and presence of removable dentures). Next to age, education and income showed the highest predictive values in relation to the presence of removable dentures and total edentulousness. Place of residence and gender seemed to be of less importance than earlier. In relation to complete dental arches, there were lower values for most variables. One of only four significant variables was the attitude variable 'importance of good dental appearance'. The results may indicate the development of a new pattern of influences on dental conditions, mainly based on education and attitudes.

A questionnaire study was performed on 3000 randomly sampled individuals aged 45-69 years living in Orebro county, Sweden. The response rate was almost 80%. The purpose was to describe dental conditions in this population, especially differences in dental conditions between various socioeconomic groups. Only 9% of the studied population were totally edentulous, and edentulousness was concentrated to the older age groups. Eighteen per cent of the population had all their teeth remaining. Removable dentures were worn by only 23% of the subjects. The results indicate further improvement of dental conditions in the age group 45-69 years in in Orebro county and presumably in the whole country. The results also indicate an improved gender equality with regard to dental status. On the other hand, socioeconomic inequalities were closely related to variations in dental conditions.

The Swedish Patient Insurance Scheme covers treatment injuries and guarantees the replacement of failed removable prostheses for 1 year and fixed prostheses for 2 years after fitting. In this paper, 573 dental cases are analysed for a 3-month period in 1986, during which crowns and bridges formed the vast majority of failed treatments that were reported.

A group of 483 men, all of whom were 68 or 69 yr old and had lived for a long time in the city of Malmö were examined with regard to number of teeth present, removable dentures, fixed bridges, and tooth spaces. 76.4% had one or more natural teeth remaining, 59.2% had removable dentures, and 0.2% were edentulous and without dentures. The mean number of teeth present in a fixed dentition calculated on dentate subjects was 16.21 +/- 8.02, including teeth replaced by pontics and 15.0 +/- 7.44 when natural teeth only were recorded. The number of bridges was high, 28.8% of natural dentate persons having bridgework. This cohort had fewer remaining teeth than in similar groups in other areas of Sweden, but more fixed bridges. 19.5% had open tooth spaces corresponding to one or more teeth in the visible parts of the dental arches. The availability of dentistry has been extremely good in Malmö and financial support for all types of dental care has been provided for all inhabitants since 1974. In spite of this, a low number of remaining teeth and many untreated tooth spaces in visible part of the dental arches were found, though on the other hand much fixed bridgework was found. It appears from the present study that the population tends to polarize into two groups, namely one group which takes advantage of the dental services and one which does not.

The present study, which is part of a comprehensive cross-sectional epidemiologic survey on oral health among the adult population in a Swedish county, reports the results from the clinical assessment of remaining teeth, "occlusal supporting zones" (Eichner 1955), prevalence of edentulousness and removable dentures. The survey was carried out during 1983-1984. The adult population of 122,886 inhabitants was stratified according to age, sex and place of residence. From the different strata 0.75% (1.5% above 79 years) of the population was randomly selected to participate in the survey. Of the 967 selected individuals 920 (95.1%) attended full examination. The results showed a gradual reduction in the mean number of remaining teeth by age; somewhat faster after the age of 50 coincident with a significant increase in the prevalence of edentulousness. The prevalence of edentulousness and complete dentures was about twice as high among women as among men. In the dentate individuals the occlusal status was less favorable among men. This finding may explain the observed higher prevalence of removable partial dentures among the dentate men compared to the dentate women. An extrapolation between the results from the present study and results from previous studies in the Swedish population indicates that the oral health in the population below 50 years of age has improved during the last decade. This trend may predict that the observed improvement will follow the population, at present younger than 50 years, up through the ages.