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Is the Bayh-Dole intellectual property regime associated with more and better academic entrepreneurship than the Professor's Privilege regime? The authors examine data on US PhDs in the natural sciences, engineering, and medical fields who became entrepreneurs in 1993–2006 and compare this to similar data from Sweden. They find that, in both countries, those with an academic background have lower rates of entry into entrepreneurship than do those with a non-academic background. The relative rate of academics starting entrepreneurial firms is slightly lower in the United States than in Sweden. Moreover, the mean economic gains from becoming an entrepreneur are negative, both for PhDs originating in academia and for non-academic settings in both countries. Analysis indicates that selection into entrepreneurship occurs from the lower part of the ability distribution among academics. The results suggest that policies supporting entrepreneurial decisions by younger, tenure-track academics may be more effective than are general incentives to increase academic entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the private returns for academics that start new businesses. Total earnings for the universe of 478 individuals working at Swedish universities who quit to become full-time entrepreneurs between 1999 and 2008 are compiled. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of entrepreneurial returns to include capital gains. Entrepreneurship for academics appears a gradual process and episodic. Earnings are similar before and after becoming an entrepreneur, and dividends and capital gains are inconsequential. But the income risk is more than three times higher in entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Presents study concerning with the determination of spatial concentration in manufacturing and service sectors in Sweden between 1975-93. Pattern of spatial concentration by calculating Ellison-Glaeser indexes; Results on local Gini-coefficients; Comparison of regional concentration in France, Sweden and U.S.

Presents information on a study which examined the effects of European integration on the location of investments by Swedish multinational corporations. Facts about Swedish outward foreign direct investment during the period 1982-1995; Conceptual framework; Results of the study; Conclusion.