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Curculigo latifolia is a herbaceous plant that is abundant on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan. C. latifolia has not been well explored. The research to determine the phytochemical content of C. latifolia, to analyze the organoleptic sweetness level of C. latifolia fruit and to analyze the anti-diabetic potential of C. latifolia plant extracts on diabetic mice. The study was conducted experimentally using 6 treatment levels and 4 replications. Prior to treatment, mice were induced hyperglycemia using alloxan 150 mg/kg WB were induced subcutaneously. The treatment being tested was oral Ethanol crude extract (ECE) for 28 days with 400 mg/kg WB, namely: G1: oral mineral water; G2: glibenclamide ; G3: ECE leaf; G4: ECE root; G5: ECE fruit and G6: ECE tree. Blood sugar levels were measured at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after oral ECE. Therefore, respondents stated that after consuming the fruit, they had a sweet-tasting and taste-modifying mineral water with a strength of 82.40 ± 8.36%, but the fruit extract did not show any sweet-tasting and taste-modifying. ANOVA results showed that oral ECE administration had a significant effect low on blood sugar levels. the HSD test was carried out with a 95% confidence level. ECE C. latifolia showed positive results on the tests of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids and tannins. G4 was effective in reducing sugar levels after short time and G5 for 28 days (long time). C. latifolia have pharmacology effects to lower sugar levels and has taste modifying to sweetness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observations of earthquake precursors via geomagnetic anomalies from ultralow frequency (ULF) could provide an expectation for short-term earthquake prediction. However, there are still several obstacles in determining this precursor, one of which is the presence of a precursor bias if the earthquake occurs at a close time and location. To cope with this problem, we analysed six earthquakes with a magnitude > 5 on Pagai Island, Mentawai, Sumatra, during 2020. These earthquakes have epicentres close to each other and occur within a short time (one month). This study used geomagnetic data recorded by the Magnetic Data Acquisition System (MAGDAS) magnetometer network at Sicincin station (SCN), West Sumatra, and Kepahiyang station (KPY), Bengkulu, with a span of one month before the earthquake. The anomaly of ULF emission was analysed using the power spectral density method at a frequency of 0.012 Hz for the H and Z components of the geomagnetic data. The onset time of the ULF emission anomaly was determined by the standard deviation value (pz + σ, pz − σ) of the SZ /SH power ratio polarization. The disturbance storm time index (Dst) was used to ensure that the anomaly occurred was not caused by geomagnetic storm. Also, the single station transfer function was used to calculate the azimuth, and the empirical formula between the anomaly amplitude and the magnitude was used to calculate the earthquake magnitude as the validation of the anomaly source. Several ULF anomalies as earthquake precursors were observed, especially at the KPY station. The estimated azimuth shows a good accuracy compared to the earthquake’s azimuth, with an average value of 97.8%. Furthermore, the earthquake magnitude calculated from the ULF anomaly shows a good agreement with the actual earthquake magnitude, with an average accuracy of 98.13%. Thus, the azimuth and magnitude estimation technique effectively determined precursors for earthquakes with the adjacent time of occurrence and source locations. However, it is recommended to observe precursors using several stations because the precursors are sometimes not observed by one station but observed by others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A shorebird survey was conducted from 7-13 December 2011 at Rawa Bento, an upland swamp (c. 1400 m) in Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia. One Greater Painted Snipe (Rostratula benghalensis), 38 Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola), and 15 Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos) were recorded. In addition, observations of more than 45 Snipe (Gallinago spp.) was the most interesting record and warrants further investigation. These records suggest that Rawa Bento may be an important upland swamp in Sumatra for shorebirds and should be subject to further monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]