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In this article, we analyze the meanings of community care (hereafter CC), understood as the set of social care practices that are articulated from spaces managed by the community and involve various daily actions essential to sustaining life. The identification of the CC deployed, especially by immigrant women, shows the state's neglect of foreigners. Our research aims to understand the meanings of CC of Latin American women who participate in non-institutionalized groups in Spain, from where they carry out various practices of co-management of "their" (self) care in contexts of migration. Based on a qualitative methodology, we show how these experiences involve survival and agency strategies at different levels. We conclude by highlighting how migrant women's knowledge in this field allows us to explore new places and ways of thinking about CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Society and scholars have debated the representation of both women and either immigrants or Muslims in the media and how this representation might affect possible racist behavior and public policy choices. This study responds to the need for a better understanding of the intersectional media representation of migrant and/or racialized women. Framing analysis was conducted on the 234 clippings in which the six most popular Spanish broadsheet newspapers referred to the women in question throughout 2021. We observed that these women are underrepresented and that the opinion the press tends to shape varies depending on the women's identity marker (Muslim, immigrant and/or Black) and the ideology of the dailies (leftist or rightist). Finally, it is relevant whether a newspaper is published in a territory with a large foreign and Muslim population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immigrant women may be at higher risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) and may seek specialized services less frequently than other populations. In Spain, Romanian origin foreigners comprise the second‐highest proportion among immigrant population. This study aimed to identify, from the perspective of experts, (1) the main barriers faced by immigrant women of Romanian origin in accessing specialized services for IPV in Spain; and (2) the most useful strategies to combat these barriers. A Delphi study was conducted with a panel of 23 experts. The coefficient rWG was calculated to established agreement among participants. The results showed 58 barriers and 31 strategies with high agreement among the experts (rWG ≥ 0.80). Barriers in access to services that were considered to be highly influential included: having been in the host country for a short time; lack of language proficiency; job insecurity; difficulty with family‐work reconciliation; and fear of the social consequences for help‐seeking. The strategies considered most useful were: facilitating access to the job market and decent housing; promoting a social support network; translating material into Romanian; and increasing training among professionals. The findings offer guidelines for the improvement of the accessibility of specialized services to immigrant women of Romanian origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the effects of minimum income programs on labor market participation and labor activation services. It focuses on the Asturian basic social wage, a regional program that has undergone significant changes since its creation in 2005-06. The analysis shows that people who obtain full-time contracts are more likely to leave the minimum income program than those who do not obtain such a contract. Additionally, it is suggested that increasing compatibility between employment and economic benefits would be crucial in facilitating program exit. The article also highlights the importance of labor activation policies in relation to social benefit recipients. Data and analysis on the functioning of the minimum income system in Asturias, Spain are presented, and it is concluded that the probability of leaving the employment system is higher among women and immigrants, and that the majority of beneficiaries are over 35 years old. [Extracted from the article]

The spanish prison and penal system has seen how the presence of women in prisons has been increasing in the recent years, having the largest female prison population in Europe. There is also an overrepresentation of immigrant women. This article aims to understand the different difficulties faced by foreign women from an intercultural and gender approach, highlighting how being a woman, a foreigner and an offender entails multiple-discrimination leading to a poorer reintegration. For this purpose, an exhaustive search of the Spanish literature has been carried out about the state of the female penal enforcement in Spain, focusing on foreign and non-EU women. Likewise, this article has allowed us to verify that there are few studies in Spain related to the discriminatory situation of immigrant women in spanish prisons and therefore, the intervention and reinsertion measures are not based on the specific characteristics and needs of this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Family Research (JFR) is the property of University of Bamberg Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using panel data from the Spanish Labour Force Survey (2008–2016), we explore the risks and opportunities of job transitions (to unemployment, inactivity, full-time work and promotion) of female immigrants and natives in part-time work. This is the first study examining the two possible functions of part-time employment (stepping stone or trap) for different types of women across different working time categories. It contributes to the ongoing discussion about the function of non-standard work by applying an intersectional lens. Our results confirm that the signalling of different types of part-time job works positively, although the signal is weaker for immigrant women, particularly for those working in marginal and substantial part-time employment. The main sociodemographic and structural drivers of labour transitions explain only partially the gross migrant–native differences. As female immigrants experience a stronger outsider position, additional determinants of signalling beyond human capital and labour market segmentation factors might be at work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homeless people are one of the most obvious embodiments of the phenomenon of social exclusion, and homeless immigrants and homeless women are considered 2 particularly vulnerable groups. The objective of this article is to analyze the differences between women living homeless born in Spain (nonimmigrants) and those born abroad (immigrants). The study was carried out based on the data obtained from a sample of women living homeless in Madrid (Spain; N = 136). The information was collected using a structured interview. The results show major similarities between immigrant and nonimmigrant homeless women in terms of their basic sociodemographic characteristics (age, marital status, number of children), their state of health, satisfaction with their family and/or partner relationships, and feelings of loneliness or abandonment. Fewer immigrant women had their documentation in order, they received fewer financial benefits and their contact with their family of origin was more limited. However, the immigrant women became homeless at an older age and were subject to less chronic homelessness, their levels of consumption of alcohol and other psychoactive substances were lower, they had experienced fewer stressful life events, more of them had completed higher education, and more of them used mobile telephones and the Internet. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) remains the leading cause of meningitis and neonatal sepsis in the world, and causes disease in pregnant and puerperal women. This is a retrospective study of GBS infections on women of childbearing age living in Comunitat Valenciana, Spain (years 2009–2014) and GBS colonization rate on pregnant women attending Hospital La Fe (years 2013–2015) according to their origin. An aggregated total of 6,641,960 women exposed during the study period had an average GBS isolation rate of 5.19‰ (5.14–5.25‰), geographical group rates being: Western Europe (2.2‰), North America (2.1‰), Australia (3.7‰), Spain (4.6‰), Latin America II (4.5‰), Eastern Europe (5.3‰), Asia (6.7‰), Latin America I (7.7‰), Middle East (7.9‰), Indian Subcontinent (17.2‰), North Africa (17.8‰), Sub-Saharan Africa (22.7‰). The 4532 pregnant women studied had an average GBS colonization rate of 12.47% (11.51–13.43) and geographical group rates varied similar to geographical isolation rates. Low GDP and high temperatures of the birth country were associated with higher colonization rates. Thus, differences in GBS colonization depend on the country of origin; Africa and the Indian subcontinent presented the highest, while Western Europe and North America had the lowest. This variability portrays a geographical pattern influenced by temperature and GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have highlighted the role that schools can play in improving the education and well-being of disadvantaged families. In this study we focus on the benefits perceived by two of the most disadvantaged groups in Spain: Roma women and immigrants with low levels of education. Specifically, we analyse the impact of participating in family education programmes delivered by eight schools. The study is based on a communicative approach and has been developed through interviews and focus groups. The sample comprises Roma and Moroccan women as well as their children, family members, teachers and volunteers. The data obtained suggest that the inclusion of the women in the educational programmes has helped improve the women's perception of their academic and linguistic abilities, and has also brought about psychosocial benefits, including increases in self-esteem and autonomy and the strengthening of social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The personal experience of crossing a border differs according to gender. Specifically, the selectivity of immigration controls means that deportation affects many more men than women. Based on the analysis of official data on the detention of people in irregular situations, detention in migrant detention centres (CIE in its Spanish acronym) and repatriations, disaggregated by sex, this paper provides some theoretical reflections on why a gender gap exists in the deportation apparatus in Spain. Taking up the feminist criminology research agenda's challenge, it seeks to contribute to the development of "criminology of mobility" with an analysis of migration control in Spain from a gender perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Spain, Moroccan immigrant women constitute one of the largest and most important migrant groups. They face a series of obstacles when trying to balance family and work. This research aims to discover the perceptions of economically active and inactive Moroccan immigrant women concerning work-family and gender balance, childcare in the home, and the use of childcare and early education centres in Spain. A quantitative methodology was employed. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 388 Moroccan immigrant women in Spain. SPSS v. 27 was used for descriptive and inferential statistics. Most of employed respondents are dissatisfied with their work-life balance. Mothers (employed and non-employed) are mainly responsible for the care of their children. Non-believers and those of a higher socio-economic status are more in favour of gender equality in the family and workplace. Childcare support policies are needed that guarantee appropriate personal, family, work, and gender balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyse the reproductive patterns of the immigrant population and to evaluate their impact on, and implications for, demographic dynamics in Spain. The general hypothesis is that migrant fertility is closely related to the fact and circumstances of migration. Using the 2007 National Immigrant Survey, the results show the existence of a clear fertility pattern. This pattern is characterised by reduced fertility before and during migration, a strong recovery after becoming settled, and a subsequent reduction. The main implication is that this will lead to a significant reduction in migrant fertility, since the inflows have been reduced and the 'recovery' period of the fertility rates of immigrants who arrived before 2007 has passed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Induced abortion (IA) has shown social inequality related to birthplace and education with higher rates of IAs in immigrant and in less educated women relative to their native and highly educated counterparts. This study examined the independent and joint effects of birthplace and education on IA, repeated and IA performed during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy among women residing in the Basque Country, Spain.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study of IA among women aged 25-49 years residing in the Basque Country, Spain, between 2011 and 2013. Log-binomial regression was used to quantify the independent and joint effects of birthplace and education attainment on all outcomes.Results: Immigrant women exhibited higher probability of having an IAs (PR: 5.31), a repeated (PR: 7.23) or a 2nd trimester IAs (PR: 4.07) than women born in Spain. We observed higher probabilities for all outcomes among women with a primary or less education relative to those with a graduate education (All IAs PR: 2.51; repeated PR: 6.00; 2nd trimester PR: 3.08). However, no significant heterogeneity was observed for the effect of education on the association of birthplace with IAs, repeated or 2nd trimester IAs.Conclusions: Birthplace and education are key factors to explain not only an IA decision but also having a repeated or a 2nd trimester IA. However, the effects of birthplace and education may be independent from each other on these outcomes. A better understanding of these factors on IAs is needed when designing programs for sexual and reproductive health aimed to reduce inequalities among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND The diversification of partnership patterns away from the traditional marriage standard emerged in Spain relatively late. This makes Spain an interesting case for the study of the partnership dynamics of natives and immigrant groups. OBJECTIVE This paper analyzes partnership formation and dissolution among immigrant women of various origins, in comparison to natives in Spain. The study aims to identify variations in timing and incidence of partnership transitions. METHODS Data from the Fertility and Values Survey 2006 is used to conduct discrete-time logistic regressions for several union transitions. In a further step, the data are analyzed including cohort interactions to explore the extent to which differences are due to the younger profile of the migrant population. RESULTS The obtained results lend support to the selection and disruption hypotheses in the case of immigrant women who arrived in Spain before their first union formation. However, when explaining the high propensity of Latin American and EU-15 women to enter cohabiting unions, socialization effects cannot be ruled out. Immigrant women also show higher risk of union dissolution than natives. CONCLUSION Immigrant women differ consistently from native Spanish women across the various partnership transitions. They generally display higher risks of forming a union, particularly a cohabiting union, and of separating from their first partner. Models including interactions between birth cohort and migrant status showed that differentials between immigrants and natives are not due to compositional effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE This paper explores perinatal inequality between migrants and natives in Spain, or, more specifically, differences in birth weight. BACKGROUND We re-examine the logic of the 'healthy immigrant paradox', according to which the children of immigrant mothers have superior birth outcomes. DATA Using the universe of births in Spain in 2013, we go beyond the standard approach of using a dichotomous variable for estimating the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and high birth weight (HBW). METHODS We estimate quantile regression to explore migrant-native differentials in their children's birth weight across the range of observed values and also focus on the impact of migrant status among babies weighing more than 4,000 and 4,500 grams ? two thresholds which, in a similar way to LBW, are associated with certain pathological characteristics and problematic future development. RESULTS Our paper not only confirms that the well-known epidemiological regularity of immigrant-origin babies having an advantage in avoiding LBW applies to Spain, but also, at the other extreme, it shows that when birth weight is above 4,000 or 4,500 grams, migrant-origin babies weigh significantly more than those of native origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the prevalence of Cuban and Ecuadorian women immigrants to Spain. The authors comment on the commonalities among these women as to the reason why the emigrated, aside from the economic difficulties in their home countries, such as employment opportunities in Spain as well as for political and social reasons.

International migration has emerged, in contemporary European societies, as an area of concern for control and governmentality processes, by means of its definition as a "social problem" that must be addressed by public organisms. Different laws, regulations, discourses, plans and intervention processes emerge from the need to manage these populations, generating as main effect the reproduction and solidification of power relations in host societies. Departing from different researches developed in the field of services provided to immigrant women in Spain, we propose to analise the ways in which governmentality mechanisms contribute to construct a subject that is understood as an "Other problematic and needing" that requires attention to achieve proper social integration. These mechanisms contribute to justify the urge for this population to adapt to a context of legal, social and cultural inequality that results unquestioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses data from 35 semi-structured interviews of migrant women from three different ethnic backgrounds living in Catalonia to explore the use of ICTs in their economic integration. The results show that the three groups of migrant women studied perceive ICTs as important instruments of economic integration, though they tend to use them rather marginally for this purpose. The mediating role of network capital is not forthcoming, bridging social networks being rather a consequence than a determinant of migrant women's economic integration. Digital connectivity does not seem to cancel out the relevance of traditional variables of social inequality such as education, age, or origin. Young educated women, and particularly of Romanian and Ecuadorian origins, tend to make a better use of ICTs for their economic integration in Catalonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last decades, changing intra-state and inter-state immigrant profiles in Spain has generated an interesting landscape for sociolinguistics research. There has been a shift from temporary migration to permanent settlement, which means that there is an increasing number of individuals who need to speak the locally legitimate forms of language for different reasons. Apart from this, recent statistics indicate that female immigrants' profiles are also changing, and they are becoming more and more forerunners and active participants in the formal Spanish labour market (). Therefore, this dynamic, ever changing profile of female immigrants suggests that they move across existing boundaries, acquiring and developing their linguistic knowledge to access other forms of symbolic capitals in Spain. Building on my ethnography of two sites in Madrid and Barcelona between 2011 and 2014, I shall explain how African immigrant women become new speakers and how their language learning process intersects with socially constructed boundaries such as political, economic, and linguistic hierarchies and ascribed gender roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to contribute to the theoretical and political discussion on women's agential capacity on subordination conditions, this article is based on an empirical research on migration processes and migration experiences of Latin American and African women living in Mallorca, Spain. It shows that in spite of the conditionally of race and gender segmentation on the labor market, the political use of the veil and finding real citizenship are concrete actions of resistance and political identity for immigrant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses migration narratives of a small group of Polish female 'repeat migrants' currently residing in Barcelona. Before settling there they lived in at least three other countries. I argue that repeat migrants experience many challenges: learning multiple languages, integrating into multiple labour markets, building multiple social networks, and adapting to cultural contexts. I asked whether these challenges have resulted in increased integration in the host societies or integration into international expatriate communities. The main findings are that the two main subgroups were 1) women who adapted well to life in Barcelona because of their Catalan partners and 2) women with international partners who tended to live in clusters of internationals. Polish immigrant women in my fieldwork perceived themselves as outsiders unless they quickly learned Spanish and Catalan. I also argue that the availability of different kinds of Urry's mobilities might influence and facilitate decisions on becoming more mobile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a review of the literature on gender violence in couples in immigrant communities. To this end, we seek to establish points of contact and divergence between the thematic studies conducted in Spain and publications outside the Spanish context. This is intended to show that gender violence in couples in immigrant communities is different from that experienced by native women, as socioeconomic and cultural obstacles that the first ones face, turn the abuse experience even more complex. Knowing the conditions of the migration process that make the immigrant women vulnerable to violence, is essential to raise effective interventions and prevention programs in immigrant communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One-parent families in immigration are a phenomenon that has scarcely been explored in Spain, despite the frequency of these forms of household among migrant women, particularly Latin American women who settle in this country. Poverty and single parenthood are two elements that often appear simultaneously in the trajectories of migrant women. The incidence of single parenthood among migrant women from Latin America—specifically Andean and Caribbean countries— resident in Spain will be analyzed in this article. The paper will show how Latin American women have a higher percentage of this type of household. This paper examines forms of entry into single parenthood, and the living conditions of these families once in Spain. It proves that emigrating in single parenthood conditions raises the risk of poverty in Spain. It will be proved that migration in single parenthood has different profiles in relation to the causes of the migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The participants in this exploratory qualitative research were 14 Latin American immigrant women, older than 18 years old, who suffered from violence in a heterosexual relationship. The qualitative data was gathered through semi-structured interviews focused on the interviewee's perspectives about the role that institutional resources played concerning the ceasing or reduction of gender violence experienced in couples. The interviews were analyzed according to the grounded theory approach. Findings provide qualitative evidence about external factors that contribute and impede the cessation or reduction of partner violence. Empirical knowledge has practical implications, showing that the reduction or end of such problems does not depend only on individual factors, but on the interaction of resources at the individual, social and institutional levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, the large increase in international migration has challenged the traditional conception of citizenship based on nationality and confined to the borders of the nation-state. Several contributions point to the need to take into account key elements in order to expand the concept in a cosmopolitan context. Nevertheless, the role of immigrant women is hardly discussed. This paper aims to contribute to this debate by presenting a critique of the traditional concept of citizenship. The article also introduces the role of immigrant women in the practice of citizenship through their everyday experiences. From a transnational perspective, we argue that immigrant women promote a more inclusive citizenship due to their links with grassroots organizations and informal spaces of participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Estudos Feministas is the property of Revista Estudos Feministas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Romani women, both immigrant and native, face a greater risk of social exclusion because of the prejudices that mainstream society has about the Roma, and especially because they are women and some of them immigrants as well. This paper analyses how Romani immigrant and native women are building pan-ethnic identities, sharing alliances and developing common strategies in Spain. Previous studies on Romani women have tended to see them as passive and not active agents. Thus, very few have focused on the specific case of Romani immigrant women and on their modes of incorporation in their new contexts of reception. Drawing on data from two qualitative studies of Roma immigrant women and Gitanas in Spain, the authors demonstrate how everyday-life interactions and shared interests at informal and formal encounters lead to building solidarity alliances and sharing transnational narratives, thus overcoming subgroup ethnic boundaries and stereotypes. The analysis is carried out from the ‘other women’ approach, taking into account the voices of all types of Romani women, illiterate and literate, in the whole research process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gender socialisation of migrants’ descendents takes place in social spaces which diverge in relation to gender norms. This often causes intergenerational conflicts within migrant families, especially in the case of mothers (who are responsible for their children’s education) and daughters. These families place a high value on preserving gender ideals, particularly in the case of their daughters, as this is a way of keeping their identity as a community. In contexts of racism, this can be an important strategy. Migrant families and mothers experience tensions which result from inequalities, changes, and loss. Controlling their daughters’ bodies is, in certain situations, a strategy that proves effective to preserve the positive image of the group and to ensure that its moral standards are maintained. Moreover, as Moroccan families are highly transnational, they need their children to preserve their cultural background. Very often, daughters do not accept the gender imperatives of their mothers and families uncritically – their responses are diverse. They put into practice multiple strategies to confront real or potential conflict. Some possibilities for gender transformation can emerge from these dynamics. However, patriarchal power is not easily undermined by migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present landscape of globalization, immigrants have attained demographic weight in developed countries and economic relevance in the territories they left behind. The province of Alicante (Spain) is home to 32,899 Romanian immigrants. Almost half of them are women who not only manage themselves in daily communication, but also bridge the linguistic gap between their families and local service providers. This paper focuses on health care communication and tries to show the centrality of the body within medical relations, especially in a transcultural setting and from a gender-oriented perspective. I will focus on how eight Romanian women living in Spain perceived bodily issues when they helped relatives or friends communicate with health care providers in Spanish services. My case study is supported by a guided interview intended to elicit information on these women's perceptions both as ad hoc interpreters and as patients under their immigrant circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The present study aimed to learn the perspective of immigrant women in the workplace, taking into account the speeches of the protagonists themselves. The overall objective was to find the job conditions from their own perspectives. We conducted four focus groups (Latin American, Eastern European, Moroccan and sub-Saharan Africa) with a total of 47 women. The analysis of their speeches shows points in common because they are women, workers and immigrants, and some differences according to their place of origin. We describe the background of the migration project, working conditions (loss of job status and ethnicization, instability, prejudice) and the effects of these working conditions (cynicism, social isolation, different relationships with employers, resignation and submission). The reflections in the text dialogue with thoughts of other authors to enhance the visibility of women migrants, different but with many common points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the analysis of the strategies of Ecuadorian women in Seville. In particular, we see how the strategy of accumulating assets in the reconstruction and resignification of migrant social women is implemented, by analyzing their evolution from a context of departure acknowledged as one of crisis (a polysemic term that not only includes the financial crisis of 1999 but also a crisis of the social reproduction of patriarchal structures and personal relations) to the current context of economic crisis in reception societies. These strategies include the implementation of resources, whether material, social, political or symbolic, and their administration by "female" networks that have been rebuilt and resignified as the migratory process develops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos PAGU is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The association between perceived social support and happiness was investigated in women who are members of various associations in Malaga (Spain) that work with immigrant women. Based on the Social convoy model, the association between sources of support, frequency of support, satisfaction with support, and happiness reported by women were examined. The main social support predictor of happiness was satisfaction with the support received. thus, the best predictors of happiness were emotional support from the family and instrumental support from the indigenous population and associations. The best predictor of frequency of support was the frequency of informational support received from social services. These results may prove useful for developing lines of action or interventions centred on the social network and the functions that social support can fulfil among immigrant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This contribution analyzes occupational segregation during a period of high employment in the Spanish labor market by gender and immigrant status, using several local and overall segregation measures. Using data from Spain's 2007 Economically Active Population Survey (Encuesta de Población Activa), the results suggest that immigrant women in Spain suffered a double burden from occupational segregation since it affected them to a greater degree than either native women or immigrant men. In fact, gender is a useful variable for understanding the labor market performance of immigrant workers for this period in Spain, although there were notable discrepancies in the segregation of immigrant women depending on their region of origin. Immigrant women from the European Union (EU) had the lowest occupational segregation, while such segregation appeared to be particularly intense among women from European countries outside the EU and women from Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Semata: Ciencias Sociais e Humanidades is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the relationship between motherhood and labor in global market. It explores a Spain-based guest employment program which encouraged the hiring of migrant mothers on the basis of their financial and emotional commitments to their children. It examines the successful directions of re-thinking the association between migration, labor, and motherhood in various contexts.

Social, academic and political interests in entrepreneurship have grown over the last few years. In capitalist societies, it is seen as a way to curb unemployment and combat exclusion among certain groups, i.e. women and immigrants, who suffer social and labour discrimination and marginalisation. Adopting a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews, this research examines - from the psychosocial gender perspective -- the entrepreneurial behaviour of 52 immigrant women living in Spain. From their testimonials, this paper reports on the broad range of reasons that lead immigrant women to set up businesses, identifying the most common self-employment profiles and strategies, while also describing the individual and social consequences of their entrepreneurial behaviour, and how the entire process is conditioned by their belonging to the female gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social interventions designed and implemented at service provision for migrated women, produce domination effects by means of strategies of social differentiation that have significant effects in the field of subjectivity, and that are important to elucidate. Parting from the study of social practices and discourses deployed within the services that attend migrant women in Barcelona, we can observe the processes of subjectification in terms of gender, national origin and socioeconomic status. These processes have as one of its main effects the constitution of the social category "woman of the third world" (Mohanty, 2003), a subject that -understood like "the cultural other"- is necessary to educate in order to promote social and labour insertion in the society of reception, evading the particular experiences and, in much cases, the social inequallitiies present in the context that affect their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Spain, domestic workers in the informal sector are often recruited and placed in Spanish households by local institutions such as NGOs. One of the central and biggest institutions which recruit female immigrants for formal as well as informal domestic work is the Catholic Church. It acts as a mediator for domestic workers especially in its own parishes within the scope of social work called "Caritas parroquial". Beforehand, the immigrants are often trained to be domestic workers. The topic of this paper is one of these training courses for domestic workers including the later procurement of a job, which was studied during one year field research in Madrid. It is based on participant observation as well as interviews with migrants, instructors and Church officials. The article starts with an analysis of current domestic work in the context of the global financial crisis. Afterwards a short account of the training course in a Catholic parish is given; domestic work and the role of the Spanish Catholic Church in it are outlined and subsequently, the assumptions of the interactions in the domestic service course, the construction of otherness and of migrant domestic workers are analysed, and finally these interactions are explained within different power structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Organizations / Revista Internacional de Organizaciones (RIO) is the property of Analisi Social i Organitzativa grup de recerca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The labour performance of migrants has been largely assumed to vary with individuals’ reasons to migrate. Accordingly, migrants who migrate to join their relatives at destination are commonly expected to be negatively selected in terms of their labour characteristics. However, family and economic reasons for migration are not mutually exclusive but often complementary, especially among women. In addition, there exists a large variation in the post-migration employment rates of the so-called ‘family migrants’. In this article, I argue that the temporal sequence of migration and key family life-cycle events may help us in explaining the post-migration employment patterns of migrants, especially that of females. To test this hypothesis I first construct a comprehensive typology that classifies all immigrants according to the timing of marriage and migration for each spouse, and their immigrant or native origin. Next, I examine the explanatory power of this typology by estimating the employment probability of migrants in multivariate logit regressions that include the resulting types of ‘family migrants’ as independent. The obtained results confirm the theoretical and empirical utility of studying marriage and migration jointly in order to explain differences in the labour performance of immigrant women. Moreover, the main conclusions concerning cross-type differences in female labour behaviour remain valid ever after controlling for current legal status and legal status at entry, and running separate analyses for the main origin groups in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article presents a critical review of existing research regarding migration and gender relations in Spain, and attempts to redefine the theoretical frameworks for the study of transnational migration through the lenses of gender, feminism and human rights. Ethnographic analysis is used to explore the organization of care for immigrants in Spain, to define social care as a basic human right, and to understand the differentiations between issues of gender, sexuality, ethnicity, race and foreignness with respect to matters of immigration. The author proposes the provision of specific social care to women immigrants, including emotional, social and material resources.

The strong association between Eastern European women and prostitution might not be breaking news nowadays, but it still covers hundreds of front-pages all over the continent. Between sexual exploitation and voluntarily prostitution, Eastern European women are caught in the middle of these images, whether they are true or not. The situation of the Romanian woman in Spain is mostly difficult because of the social problems that arose with the high number of immigrants and the cases of delinquency related to this nationality, concluded with rejection. As there were some cases of prostitution involving Romanian young girls, the label became a fact in many of the nationals' eyes. Therefore, the marginalization process appeared and produced the isolated groups of immigrants who are not able to integrate in the society. This process of exclusion and isolation turned into a vicious circle of prejudice and verbal self defence, provoking rejection and impossibility of integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women and family groups participated significantly in early-modern Spanish emigration to Latin America between 1560 and 1620. Through an analysis of the personal correspondence contained in travel licences (Archivo General de Indias), in this paper the author studies the role of sibling relations in emigration. The relationship between brothers and sisters was a key factor in the different stages of emigration. Firstly, it sustained the transatlantic ties developed by the family groups that were divided. Secondly, the sibling tie was often behind the invitation of the wider family to emigrate from Spain. Finally, the relations between brothers and sisters were crucial in the creation of travel groups. The analysis of some case studies also shows how women made use of their direct siblings, and their siblings-in-law, in order to travel to America. The relationship between siblings thus appears as one of the fundamental mechanisms behind the high rate of female emigration at the end of the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]