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The gross anatomy of the digital flexors tendons and the distal accessory ligament of the Catalan Pyrenean Horse, an equine trait breed from Catalonia (NE Spain), is presented here. Research has been based on the dissection of isolated 10 right forelimbs, 10 left forelimbs, six right hindlimbs and five left hindlimbs (total 31 distal limbs) from clinically normal yearlings, about 12 months of age. Tendons dimensions tended to be bigger than those reported in the literature, probably due to breed, age, bodyweight, withers height and exercise programme. Distal accessory ligament was sometimes absent. Data intend to serve as standard manual data for this breed but also for other trait breeds, being the present study the first one on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Act 27/2014, of November 27th, on the Spanish Corporate Income Tax (in force since January 1st, 2015) introduced important developments to the Spanish tax system. Among them, the provision for a new participation exemption system as a method to avoid double taxation of dividends and capital gains derived from Spanish affiliates and the reformulation of the participation exemption for dividends and capital gains from foreign sources, all under a single section of the law. The goal is to simplify the methods for the avoidance of double taxation available to corporate investors and other entities subject to the Spanish Corporate Income Tax, avoiding unjustified discrimination based on the source of income, in accordance with European guidelines. However, the new provision may involve significant economic impact and additional taxation for certain structures and groups of investors and presents controversial issues, both at domestic and international levels, that will require clarification from the Spanish tax authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the Bill of the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (the «Bill»), submitted by the Council of Ministers to the Spanish Parliament on 30 November 2009, and which is expected to be approved in the coming days. The Bill transposes Directive 2005/60/EC of 26 October on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering and terrorist financing (commonly known as the Third Directive on the prevention of money laundering), and Directive 2006/70/EC of 1 August 2006 laying down detailed rules for the application and interpretation of the Third Directive (also known as the Implementation Directive). The Bill also seeks to strengthen control measures and supervision of the Spanish financial system and extends certain obligations to non-financial operators, to prevent them from being used for illicit purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing. The approval of the Bill will bring Spanish legislation into line with the most advanced international standards on the prevention of money laundering and combating terrorist financing (basically, the Recommendations issued by the Financial Action Task Force FATF and the abovementioned EU Directives). It introduces into the Spanish legal system the risk-based approach and new due diligence duties and other obligations on providing information and keeping documents, which will require financial institutions and other entities to redefine their internal control and supervision procedures. It is therefore a very valuable piece of legislation. However , certain provisions may prove problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]