Search

Abstract: In the first part of this article, the finite element models developed for the Basilica of Pilar have been described, as well as the results obtained in linear theory and considering the material non-linearity. In the second part, a study concerning the constructive process and the geometrical non-linearity on the previous models is developed. Firstly we consider the procedure to include various construction stages in the finite element formulation of a structural problem. Then a geometrical non-linear analysis is applied to the two global models of the temple, the historical model of 1927 state and the actual state model, comparing the results obtained with the linear ones and explaining the problems encountered. Afterwards, a hypothetical constructive process is applied to the global models by means of the geometrical non-linearity, verifying and explaining the importance of this type of analyses in the obtained numerical results, especially in the Regina Martirum dome. Finally, applying the non-linear staged construction, the effects of an excavation ditch made in 1996 on the temple are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) surveillance is a labor-intensive endeavor. We present the design and validation of an algorithm for SSI detection after hip replacement surgery, and a report of its successful implementation in 4 public hospitals in Madrid, Spain., Methods: We designed a multivariable algorithm, AI-HPRO, using natural language processing (NLP) and extreme gradient boosting to screen for SSI in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery. The development and validation cohorts included data from 19,661 health care episodes from 4 hospitals in Madrid, Spain., Results: Positive microbiological cultures, the text variable "infection", and prescription of clindamycin were strong markers of SSI. Statistical analysis of the final model indicated high sensitivity (99.18%) and specificity (91.01%) with an F1-score of 0.32, AUC of 0.989, accuracy of 91.27%, and negative predictive value of 99.98%., Discussion: Implementation of the AI-HPRO algorithm reduced the surveillance time from 975 person/hours to 63.5 person/hours and permitted an 88.95% reduction in the total volume of clinical records to be reviewed manually. The model presents a higher negative predictive value (99.98%) than algorithms relying on NLP alone (94%) or NLP and logistic regression (97%)., Conclusions: This is the first report of an algorithm combining NLP and extreme gradient-boosting to permit accurate, real-time orthopedic SSI surveillance., (Copyright © 2023 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Six samples of red thyme (Thymus zygis) and two samples of winter thyme (Thymus hyemalis) essential oils (EOs) were obtained from plants cultivated in south-eastern Spain and extracted by steam distillation. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection provided the relative (%) and absolute (mM) concentrations. Thymol (30-54%), p-cymene (14-27%) and γ-terpinene (8-28%) were the most abundant components of T. zygis EO, while 1,8-Cineole (3-37%), p-cymene (1-29%), linalool (8-13%) and thymol (0-19%) were the most abundant components in the case of T. hyemalis EO. Enantioselective gas chromatography identified (-)-linalool, (-)-borneol and (+)-limonene as the main enantiomers. Several methods to evaluate antioxidant capacities were applied to the EOs, concluding that their activities were mainly due to thymol and linalool. The inhibition of lipoxygenase activity, mainly due to thymol, p-cymene and linalool, suggested their possible use as anti-inflammatories. The high antibacterial and antifungal activities determined for the EOs means that they can be used as natural preservatives. The results support the potential use of Thymus sp. EOs as natural food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Four essential oils (EOs) from Salvia officinalis L. cultivated in Spain (Murcia Province) were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine their relative and absolute compositions. The main components were α-thujone (22.8 - 41.7%), camphor (10.7 - 19.8%), 1,8-cineole (4.7 - 15.6%), and β-thujone (6.1 - 15.6%). Enantioselective gas chromatography identified (-)-α-thujone and (+)-camphor as the main enantiomers in all the analyzed EOs. Furthermore, when the EOs were tested to determine their antioxidant activity against free radicals and as ferric reducing and ferrous chelating agents, all were seen to have moderate activity due to the compounds they contained, such as linalool or terpinene. Because of their known relation with inflammatory illnesses and Alzheimer's disease, respectively, the inhibition of lipoxygenase and acetylcholinesterase was studied using the EOs. Some individual compounds also inhibited these enzymes. In addition, the studied EOs were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The characterization carried out increases our awareness of the possible uses of S. officinalis EO as natural additives in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals., (© 2017 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)

Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur) essential oils (EOs), from Abrial, Super and Grosso cultivars, cultivated and extracted in the South East of Spain, were analysed by using GC/MS to determine their composition, in both relative (peak area) and absolute (using standard curves) concentrations. Linalool (34-47%), linalyl acetate (17-34%), camphor (4-9%) and eucalyptol (3-7%) were determined as the main molecules. This characterisation was completed with the enantioselective gas chromatography, where ( - )-linalool, (+)-camphor and ( - )-linalyl acetate were determined as the main components. Antioxidant activity was evaluated positively by several methods: activity against free radicals, chelating and reducing power, probably due to linalool and linalyl acetate. Mild inhibitory activity on lipoxygenase was observed supporting potential anti-inflammatory activity, mainly due to linalool and camphor. These properties support the potential use of L. × intermedia essential oils as natural cosmetic and natural pharmaceutical ingredient to fight several skin diseases.

Oregano (Thymbra capitata and Origanum vulgare) essential oils (EOs), cultivated and extracted in the South-East of Spain, were analysed by GC/MS to determine their composition. (E)-β-Caryophyllene (0.5-4.9%), thymol (0.2-5.8%), p-cymene (3.8-8.2%), γ-terpinene (2.1-10.7%) and carvacrol (58.7-77.4%) were determined as the main molecules. This characterisation was completed with enantioselective gas chromatography, where (-)-(E)-β-caryophyllene, (+)-a- pinene and (+)-β-pinene were determined as the main enantiomers. Antioxidant activity was evaluated positively by several methods, accounting for activity against free radicals and reducing power. Important inhibitory activity on lipoxygenase (LOX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was observed supporting potential anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer and insecticidal activities, mainly due to carvacrol. These properties support the potential use of oregano EOs as natural cosmetic and natural pharmaceutical ingredients.

The aims were to assess the prevalence of resistances to antiretroviral drugs in HIV patients in the province of Cuenca and to determine the most frequently detected primary resistances. A total of 79 samples collected from April 2000 to July 2004 were analyzed. Resistance was detected using the genotypic technique VERSANTTM HIV1 (LiPA). Mutations more frequently found were M184V in the reverse transcriptase gene and V82A in the protease gene. The prevalence of primary resistances was 39.4%. Mutations more frequently detected were similar to those reported by other authors. The rate of primary resistance was higher than those found by other authors in Spain.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs infrequently during pregnancy, and issues concerning its natural history, prevention and therapy remain unresolved. RIETE is an ongoing registry of consecutive patients with objectively confirmed, symptomatic acute VTE. In this analysis, we compared the clinical characteristics and outcome for all enrolled pregnant and postpartum women with acute VTE, and all non-pregnant women in the same age range. Up to May 2005, 11,630 patients were enrolled in RIETE, of whom 848 (7.3%) were women aged <47 years. Of them, 72 (8.5%) were pregnant, 64 (7.5%) postpartum. Pregnant women presented less often with symptomatic pulmonary embolism (11%) than non-pregnant women (39%). VTE developed during the first trimester in 29 (40%) pregnant patients; in the second in 13; in the third in 30. Thrombophilia tests were more often positive in women who had VTE during the first trimester (odds ratio [OR]: 4.4; 95% CI: 0.9-2.4; p=0.037). Most patients in all three groups were initially treated with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). As for long-term therapy, 75% of pregnant women received LMWH until delivery. There were no maternal deaths, and no pregnant patient had recurrence or bled before delivery. However, after delivery one patient (1.4%) developed recurrent thrombosis, four (5.6%) had major bleeding. In conclusion, VTE developed during the first trimester in 40% of the pregnant women, thus suggesting that thromboprophylaxis, when indicated during pregnancy, should start in the first trimester. No patient showed recurrence or bled before delivery, but after delivery the risk of bleeding exceeded the risk of recurrences.