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This work talks about some of the rapports between the Spanish military history, from the Reconquista to the Colonial war in Marocco, and the development in Spain of militarist ideology in the first part of the XX century. In the Spanish Civil War, are presents many elements of a Crusade and many elements of a colonial war. The big charge of violence, the usual killing of the prisoners, and the absolute refuse of a limit in the employment of the military strong, are some of the most important and dramatic character of this conflict, taken from the Spanish experience of the war in North-Morocco. The difficult experience of the colonial war was really the mental and political background of the most part of the military official class who, at the born of the Spanish Third Republic in the 1931, take part in the project for "rescue Spain from the red danger". In the conspirator?s plain, the republican Spain was the new "terra infidelium" like the Muslim Spain or the American continent of the XV-XVI centuries, and the Spanish Morocco?s Army represented the strong of "old Spain", called to conquer a new Spanish empire. The power of General Franco, founded during the civil war, was in fact the political representation of a colonial order, build after the conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]