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A 2-year study of autumn-sown white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) was conducted under rainfed Mediterranean conditions in southern Spain. 108 landraces were evaluated for yield and major phenological and plant structural characteristics. Path coefficient and Genotype-Trait (GT) biplot analysis were used. Applying both types of analyses to the multiple trait data revealed that GT biplot graphically displayed the interrelationships among traits and facilitated visual comparison of accessions and selection. Wide variation was observed for trait phenology (dates of flowering and maturity), plant structure (plant and first order inflorescence height) and yield characters (first order branches, first order inflorescence and total yield). It was found that the accessions with the highest yields were the tallest and the latest to flower, both on the mainstem and on the lowest first order branch, and also were the latest to mature. GT biplots also had suggested as the accessions have been displayed according to their origins. The results showed that foreign germplasm may be an important material for improving some yield components such as number of pods and seeds per plant of locally adapted lupins in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strawberries have been the target of research to find alternatives to methyl bromide (MB) as this crop is the largest single consumer of the chemical in Spain using 800 tonnes for fruit production and 237 tonnes in mother plant production. Electromagnetic waves (EW), Solarization (Sol), Biofumigation (Bio), Metham Sodium (MNa), Dazomet (Daz), 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) and Chloropicrin (Pic) were evaluated alone or in combination as alternatives for Methyl Bromide (MB) in strawberry production over a three-year period at two locations. The GGE biplot method was employed to study the MB alternative by environment two-way data. This method graphically displays MB alternative by environment data and hence facilitates the pattern of MB alternative performance across environments. 1,3-D plus 35 % Pic (Telone C35), Pic alone, MB shank-applied to preformed beds under black polyethylene films and under black virtually impermeable films performed as well as the standard methyl bromide treatment and resulted in greatest total yield, early and total fruit weights. In addition, these treatments together with Daz and Sol plus MB resulted in greatest early yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of this work was to identify Vicia faba germplasm resistant both to rust and chocolate spot. A collection of 43 accessions of V. faba previously identified as chocolate-spot resistant was evaluated for rust and chocolate spot resistance in Egypt and in Spain. The genotype and genotype×environment (GGE) biplot analyses allowed the selection of 11 accessions resistant to both diseases in those locations. These 11 accessions were evaluated for rust in an additional field trial in Spain, all performing better than the susceptible check. The joint analysis of the 11 accessions in the four field trials where they had been evaluated revealed no significant effects either for genotype, environment or the genotype×environment interaction. They are hence promising sources of resistance, both for their low severities and their stable responses across the studied environments. This collection was also tested under controlled conditions against the Egyptian and the Spanish isolates of rust present in the field trials further underlining the stable performance of these genotypes. Finally, the effect of previous infection with chocolate spot on rust resistance was assessed under controlled conditions and no influence of it was found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction: Because hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is curable in the majority of cases, the diagnosis of all infected patients has become a priority. In difficult-to-diagnose populations, simpler diagnostic methods are required such as the use of dried blood spots (DBS) as an alternative to blood drawn by venipuncture (VP). Before being able to include it as a HCV diagnostic detection method within the Spanish National Health System, the diagnostic accuracy of standard hospital equipment must be evaluated., Methodology: DBS samples were evaluated in vitro and in a field test after being processed in the Cobas 6800 system, establishing a correlation with the result by VP. Performance with different viral loads and intra-assay variability was compared., Results: In samples with a viral load of>3 log 10 IU/ml, viraemia was detected in all cases when at least two blood spot elutions were used (94 detections out of 95 spot elutions). The performance with 2 spots was lower in samples with<3 log 10 IU/ml (7/20). Correlation between VP and DBS viraemia was excellent (maximum with 2 spots, r 2 =0.906, P<.001) with a coefficient of variation of 0.05%. In routine clinical practice with specimens from screened subjects (n=61), excellent diagnostic accuracy was also observed., Conclusion: Viral load detection using DBS of at least two spots is a reliable method for HCV diagnosis. The standardisation of the method is feasible and our results support the incorporation of this diagnostic tool in Spain's Public Health System., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.)

Background: Mentoring in clinical settings is an important factor in the development of nursing students' professional knowledge and competences, but more knowledge of mentors' current and required competences is needed to improve nursing students' clinical learning., Objectives: This study aimed to develop and test an evidence-based model of mentoring nursing students in clinical practice., Design: An international cross-sectional survey coordinated in five European countries: Finland, Italy, Lithuania, Slovenia and Spain., Methods: Mentors, 4980 registered nurses working in both primary and specialist healthcare organizations, were invited to participate in the study during 2016-2019. The final sample consisted of 1360 mentors (mean age 41.9 ± 11). Data were collected with background questions and the Mentor Competence Instrument. The instrument was psychometrically validated then the data were used to construct a Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Full Imputation Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimation., Results: All of six hypotheses were verified. In summary: mentors' characteristics related to their motivation and reflection are positively related to mentoring practices in the workplace, which (together with constructive feedback) are positively related to and foster goal-orientation in students' clinical learning and student-centered evaluation. All parameters in the SEM model were significant and the model's fit indexes were verified (RMSEA = 0.055; SRMR = 0.083; CFI = 0.914, TLI = 0.909)., Conclusion: Our evidence-based modeling confirms the research hypotheses about mentorship, and identifies focal competences for designing mentors' education to improve students' clinical learning and establish a common European mentoring model. Mentorship is important for both healthcare organizations and educational systems to enhance students' clinical competences, professional growth and commitment to the nursing profession and organizational environments., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background & Aims: There have been increasing reports of liver injury associated with use of herbal and dietary supplements, likely due to easy access to these products and beliefs among consumers that they are safer or more effective than conventional medications. We aimed to evaluate clinical features and outcomes of patients with herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injuries included in the Spanish DILI Registry., Methods: We collected and analyzed data on demographic and clinical features, along with biochemical parameters, of 32 patients with herbal and dietary supplement-associated liver injury reported to the Spanish DILI registry from 1994 through 2016. We used analysis of variance to compare these data with those from cases of liver injury induced by conventional drugs or anabolic androgenic steroid-containing products., Results: Herbal and dietary supplements were responsible for 4% (32 cases) of the 856 DILI cases in the registry; 20 cases of DILI (2%) were caused by anabolic androgenic steroids. Patients with herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury were a mean age of 48 years and 63% were female; they presented a mean level of alanine aminotransferase 37-fold the upper limit of normal, 28% had hypersensitivity features, and 78% had jaundice. Herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury progressed to acute liver failure in 6% of patients, compared with none of the cases of anabolic androgenic steroid-induced injury and 4% of cases of conventional drugs. Liver injury after repeat exposure to the same product that caused the first DILI episode occurred in 9% of patients with herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury vs none of the patients with anabolic androgenic steroid-induced injury and 6% of patients with liver injury from conventional drugs., Conclusion: In an analysis of cases of herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury in Spain, we found cases to be more frequent among young women than older patients or men, and to associate with hepatocellular injury and high levels of transaminases. Herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury is more severe than other types of DILI and re-exposure is more likely. Increasing awareness of the hepatoxic effects of herbal and dietary supplements could help physicians make earlier diagnoses and reduce the risk of serious liver damage., (Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In 1978, a year after the integration of nursing studies at the university, was born the first Spanish journal of nursing: ROL de Enfermería. From then until now, this scientific publication has made history with the nursing profession. Through this work we have analyzed, by a bibliographical review, the scientific production of this tour between 1978 and December 2014. The number of published articles has been 4651, of which more than half have tried topics about nursing as a profession and problems of collaboration.