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The present study was aimed at assessing the exposure of an adult population to nine BPs analogues (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPB, BPAF, BPZ, BPE, BPAP and BPP) through a duplicate diet study. Up to 40 canned and non-canned food samples were purchased from Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) and further analyzed. Three of the nine BPs - BPA, BPB and BPE - were detected in the food samples. BPA was found in 93% and 36% of canned and non-canned samples, respectively, with a mean concentration of 22.49 and 4.73 μg/kg, respectively. Only one sample of canned asparagus (88.66 μg/kg) exceeded the new threshold set by the European Commission (50 μg/kg). BPB was found in canned and non-canned chicken and olive oil samples, with lower levels for canned chicken and non-canned olive oil. Finally, BPE was detected in non-canned mushrooms and nuts (2.40 and 12.35 μg/kg, respectively). Based on the current results, dietary intake for BPA was estimated to be 24.9 and 3.11 μg/day for canned and non-canned groups, respectively. The unexpected occurrence of BPs in non-canned products highlights the ubiquity of these compounds along the food production chain, beyond to the packaging., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. In recent years, producers have started replacing BPA by other chemical analogues, such as bisphenol -S (BPS) and -F (BPF), all of them under the label "BPA-free". However, despite bisphenol (BP) analogues have a very similar structure, their endocrine-disrupting properties could differ from those of BPA. Unfortunately, information regarding human exposure to BP analogues is very limited, not only as single substances, but also as chemical mixtures. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of 8 BP analogues (A, S, F, B, AF, Z, E, and AP) in biological samples from a controlled cohort of workers in a hazardous waste incinerator (HWI) located in Constantí (Catalonia, Spain). Firstly, a chemical method to analyze a mixture of those 8 analogues in total blood and urine was optimized, being samples quantified by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, a biomonitoring study was performed by collecting samples of total blood and urine of 29 people working in the HWI. Among the 8 BP analogues assessed, BPA presented the highest levels in both biological samples, with mean total (free + conjugated) BPA concentrations of 0.58 and 0.86 μg/L in blood and urine, respectively. Free vs. total BPA levels presented a mean percentage of 79% in blood and 19% in urine. Beyond BPA, traces of BPB were also found in a single sample of blood. Furthermore, none of the remaining BP analogues was detected in blood or urine. Despite BPA has been regulated, it is still very present in the environment, being human exposure to this chemical still an issue of concern for the public health., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)