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Copyright of Itinerarios (1507-7241) is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper studies the presence of Spaniards in the Doctoral Colleges of Naples, from its erection in 1584 to 1699. The characteristics of the Colleges and the sociology of the doctors are explained and the graduates who declared themselves as Spaniard and those who were originally from Spain are studied. This provides a more accurate profile of the presence of Spaniard Doctors in Naples and allows new prosopographical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main intention of this work is to provide a broad description of the Jesuit father Claudio Clemente´s work: Beheaded Machiavellianism by the Christian Wisdom of Spain and Asturias. In that regard, and to achieve a better understanding of the text, we will provide a brief introduction to the discussion in which the work is framed. From there, we will address the theological implications about the State deployed in The Prince, and how Father Claudio Clemente responds to it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Musical is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper seeks to systematize the opinions of seventeenth-century Spanish theologians and moralists on the torments suffered by souls in purgatory In order to do so, the most representative treatises published at the time, which are kept at the National Library of Madrid, have been analysed. Departing from the concepts of probity and piety, which God dictates for the provisional inhabitants of the «Third Place», the article first makes a sketch of how purgatorial penalties were treated from the earliest historical references to the council of Trent and Describes their evolution. The paper then focuses on the study of how the issue was addressed by Spanish authors. More particularly, it analysis the different types of punishments prescribed for souls in purgatory. Several categories have been found, of which some are internal to purgatory, while others are external. Among the latter, a distinction is made between penalties of damage and penalties of meaning. The paper ponders the question of why penalties of damage were considered more griefful than penalties of meaning. In so doing, it also recognizes the weight that was specifically attributed to fire, further nuancing the assessment of penalties. To finish, the article presents a catalogue of the different types of penalties described in the visions of different people and literary characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista General de Información y Documentación is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Orbis Tertius is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Histórica: Historia Moderna is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the Spanish Golden Age it was common for great painters, the likes of Velázquez or Murillo, to paint representations of common people, as for example pickpockets. In this article we propose that a female type, the woman who covers only one of her eyes, known as the 'tapada de un solo ojo' or the 'tapada de medio lado', was intended as a depiction of the luxury prostitute in the 17th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of OHM: Obradoiro de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of OHM: Obradoiro de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Manuscrits: Revista d'Historia Moderna is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Histórica: Historia Moderna is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of OHM: Obradoiro de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the period of the expulsion of the moriscos, a population of Spanish Muslims who were forced to convert to Christianity, in the early 17th century. The author comments on the social, religious, and political conditions in southern Spain, particularly in the province of Granada, during this period leading up to the morisco expulsion. The social marginalization and treatment of Spanish minority populations, particularly the moriscos, up to the early 17th century is also explored.

This article discusses the Franciscan religious order in the region of Valencia, Spain, during the latter part of the 17th century. The author comments on the conflict within the order at this time and describes the involvement of the Catholic Church based in Vatican City. He also considers the ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the Franciscans in Spain and analyzes the impact of the conflict and disorder on the social make-up of the surrounding region of Valencia. The relationship between the Spanish monarchy and the Church is also examined.

Copyright of Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian & Latin American Economic History is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the relationship between power and trade networks in 17th century Valencia, Spain. The author comments on the social and professional lives of the Cernesios, a merchant family originally from Milan, Italy, and who lived in Valencia during this time period. He also considers their rise in social status in combination with their success in commercial undertakings. Their marriage into the equally successful Tarrega family, which led to the granting of a barony as well as an earldom by the Spanish crown, is also explored.

Recently, an edition of a manuscript on perspective has been published. It is both a curious and unexplained work, which provides new elements for the knowledge of our scientific and artistic history. But if such a publication always means a remarkable event and, consequently, a reason for scholars to rejoice, it is even more due to the fact that both its edition and final study could be connected, to a great extent, with the Architectural Graphic Expression. Something that increases its value is the fact that the manuscript has been, long since, swirling around specialized publications, sometimes without presenting its true content. The "Artes excelencias de la perspectiva" is preserved at the Fundación Casa de Medina Sidonia in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Cadiz, which also commissioned the facsimile edition to the Consejería de Cultura of Murcia. With colophon in June 2010, and distributed the following year, this edition was published in two volumes, and comprises the studies and transcriptions by three authors who will be quoted from now on: Andrés Martín Pastor, Domingo Beltrán Corbalán, and Francisco Reyes Marsilla de Pascual. Thus, it seems necessary to present a short chronicle of the vicissitudes of this peculiar work, to give a full insight into historic Spanish perspective experiences -nowadays underrated- together with the not always simple ways of approaching them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Impossibilia: Revista Internacional de Estudios Literarios is the property of Impossibilia: Revista Internacional de Estudios Literarios and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the discovery of new documents regarding the work of Spanish anatomist and scientific engraver Crisóstomo Martínez. The author describes Martínez's work in the medical field that advanced the knowledge of human anatomy during the latter half of the 17th century. He examines the attempts to obtain monetary support from the Spanish government in order to travel to Paris, France, and continue his study of medicine and science. Martínez's leadership in the intellectual movement known as novator is also explored.

This article discusses the process of changing social status in the town of Mora de Toledo in Castile, Spain, during the 17th and 18th centuries. The author examines the history of upward mobility in society, which resulted from financial successes, particularly in agricultural endeavors. The strategies employed by wealthy families in terms of marriage arrangements to strengthen their social status is explored. The question of inheritance and the payment of a dowry by those seeking upward mobility are also considered.

This article discusses the discovery of a recipe book in the home of the Seventh Duke of Montalto, Luis Guillermo de Moncada, and his wife, Catalina de Moncada. The authors describe the contents of the book, which also contains annotations by the Duke, which illustrate the common practices of perfumery in the homes of nobility in 17th century Spain. The book includes instructions on how to prepare perfume waters, incense, and pomanders. The significance of the recipe book in understanding the importance of perfume among the nobility in Spain at the time is also highlighted.

The article focuses on the practice of exorcism in 17th century Spain against the threat of agricultural plagues. The controversy and conflicts that arose from this practice are discussed, including the relationships between the Church and the civil authorities, institutional religiosity and popular religiosity and between ecclesiastic leaders and laypeople. The methods of exorcism varied from orthodox to highly superstitious, but the practice was generally condoned by both civil leaders as well as members and authorities of the Church.

This article examines the foreign policy of Spain during the reign of Charles II in the latter half of the 17th century. The author discusses Spain's foreign economic, political, and military relationship with the Holy Roman Empire and analyzes the effects of the Thirty Years' War on these relations. He also studies the financial strain undertaken by the Spanish monarchy during this time period as a result of subsidizing the Holy Roman Empire to ensure continual military collaboration. The subsequent conflict over rightful succession to the Spanish throne is also considered.

This article presents a series of English-language abstracts for articles within the issue, including one on inheritance, one on the bourgeoisie in Castile, Spain, and one on British trade with Spanish America during the 17th and 18th centuries.

The article describes the process and difficulties of the Spanish expulsion of the Moriscos (Muslims and Muslim converts to Christianity) from Seville from 1610 to 1613. The author explains that initially, authorities were confused about the details of the edict, resulting in ships full of the expelled departing from Seville and docking in Málaga. Upon two reissues of the edict, authorities became aware of the extreme resistance of the Moriscos to leave Spain, and of the aid they were receiving to avoid the expulsion. At the end of the article is transcribed a letter from the Marquis of La Algaba to King Philip III regarding the difficulties of the expulsion.

This article analyzes perceptions of animal symbolism and personality in seventeenth century Spain, using the behavior of human beings as a comparison. Questions that the article explores include whether animals were below or on equal moral ground with humans, whether or not they could be saved by Jesus, and what the role of animals in the Renaissance was. The article relies principally on a dictionary written in 1611 by Sebastián de Covarrubias called "Tesoro de la lengua castellana" to make its inferences.

Despite their richness and the possibilities they offer for the researchers, the coral bibliographic collections housed in the archives of Santiago Cathedral lack of a systematic approach. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the process of production of the choir books and to analyze their fundamental characteristics by analysing the documents preserved in the Cathedral archives. In addition, the data provided by these sources will allows us to know the actors who intervened in this enterprise and the tasks of which they were in charge. The choice of this chronological frame -the first third of the 17th century- comes determined by the great volume of production of choir books that still remain in the musical Cathedral archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the conflict between corregidors and the fourth marquis of the Vélez at the beginning of the 17th century in the kingdom of Murcia in Spain, with a focus on how this conflict affected the Moriscos. In particular, it looks at the disarming of the Grenadines in Murcia and analyzes the strategies of self-defense and family preservation adopted by the Moriscos as they were about to be expelled from Spain.

This article discusses the tax system and tax payers of the Kingdom of Castile in Spain during the 17th century. It specifically examines the taxes levied upon the wine making industry in the surrounding region, including Madrid, the incidence of fraud, and the sale of wine on the black market to avoid paying taxes. The author analyzes the difference in price and quality of wine sold legally and wine sold on the black market. The reduction in the consumption of wine in Spain during this time period is also explored.

This article discusses the development of infrastructure in the Castile region of Spain during the 17th century. It examines the emphasis on the artistic aspects of these projects, with minimal focus on the financial consequences. The author analyzes the need for extensive taxation policies by the Council of Castile to finance the expensive development projects. The privatization of the construction of public works as well as the prevalence of fraudulent activities during this time period are also explored.

Copyright of OHM: Obradoiro de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios de Historia de España is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses biographical and economic aspects of 17th century craftsmen through an examination of the family and patrimonial practices of an early 17th century court baker in Madrid, Spain. The author traces the economic activity and matrimonial strategies employed by French immigrant and Spanish court baker Juan Palanca. He reflects on his economic success and cites documents that describe events of his life such as marriage documents, business records, and inheritance and death notices.

The article examines the political and military responsibilities of Catalonian nobleman Manuel de Sentmenat in the Viceroyalty of Majorca from 1681 to 1688. It notes that this period was characterized by the Spanish Monarchy's efforts to raise funds and an army to defend its territory against aggression by French king Louis XIV. The article finds correspondence between Viceroy Sentmenat and the governor of Menorca and Ibiza, Juan Bayarte, to be useful in understanding Sentmenat's abilities. It provides an overview of his career from captain in the Spanish army in 1669 to ambassador to France in 1699 to Viceroy of Peru in 1706.

This article analyzes the role played by the Licenciate Juan Méndez Nieto as a cutural mediator. Méndez Nieto arrived in the city of Cartagena de Indias in 1569, where he wrote his Discursos Medicinales between 1607 and 1611. This document offers direct evidence of how he practiced medicine in the city, and demonstrates his role as a cultural mediator. Méndez Nieto's work allow us to see how he straddled the physical and intellectual borders of two continents: Europe and America. He brought with him and put into practice knowledge learned in Spain, as well what he learned in the New World. As a cultural mediator, he gave what he brought and received what other cultures could offer him. But he did not only use the new things he learned. He also valued, compared and taught them, wanting to make sure that this acquired knowledge would be made known and used both in America and Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]