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Methodologically drawing on the most recent works in Migration Studies and Russian Emigré Studies, the article studies migration from the USSR into Turkey, Iran and Afghanistan (1917–1930). Using various hitherto untapped archival sources, research looks into the phenomena, such as displaced statehood, political activism and cross-cultural interaction in the context of the migration/refugee policies of the relevant states (Britain, the USSR and the host countries). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) has an outstanding economic importance in freshwater aquaculture due to its high adaptive capacity to both food and environment. In fact, it is the third most farmed fish species worldwide according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. More than four million tons of common carp are produced annually in aquaculture, and more than a hundred thousand tons are caught from the wild. Historically, the common carp was also the first fish species to be domesticated in ancient China, and now, there is a huge variety of domestic carp strains worldwide. In the present study, we used double digestion restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing to genotype several European common carp strains and showed that they are divided into two distinct groups. One of them includes central European common carp strains as well as Ponto–Caspian wild common carp populations, whereas the other group contains several common carp strains that originated in the Soviet Union, mostly as cold‐resistant strains. We believe that breeding with wild Amur carp and subsequent selection of the hybrids for resistance to adverse environmental conditions was the attribute of the second group. We assessed the contribution of wild Amur carp inheritance to the common carp strains and discovered discriminating genes, which differed in allele frequencies between groups. Taken together, our results improve our current understanding of the genetic variability of common carp, namely the structure of natural and artificial carp populations, and the contribution of wild carp traits to domestic strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on eight interviews with former officers who served in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (after 1989, the Western Group of Forces) during the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of this research is to analyze the content and speech characteristics of Soviet officers' oral testimonies about their service in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The main task of this research is to study information about the conditions of service of Soviet officers in the GDR, identifying key images of East Germany in the views of the respondents, and describing individual and general features of the respondents' discourse. The reminiscences about the GDR presented in the interviews reveal the different attributes of social memory of the former Soviet military personnel, who usually had positive stories to tell about their years spent in the country. The discourse of the respondents who were interviewed had some common features inherent in the identity of a "military man": efficiency and clarity of speech, emphasizing the positive characteristics of the Soviet Army, and the absence of criticism of the Soviet authorities. At the same time, many memories included negative evaluations of the policies of President Boris Yeltsin and feelings of nostalgia for life in the Soviet Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a systematic appraisal of the essential Russian- and English-language scholarship on Russian Oriental studies and particularly on Russia's Iranology. However, the main target of this article is to trace the discursive continuities and epistemological shifts which have existed in late imperial, Soviet and, partially, post-Soviet Russia's Oriental studies since the end of the nineteenth century. Drawing on the sources of the main Russian political, military and academic archives, the article offers an assessment of the question of rupture or continuity, which is based on a synthesis of the above-mentioned scholarship from an entirely new angle. Dealing with the seemingly overwhelming watershed of 1917, an analysis is provided that transcends the unhelpful continuity/change dichotomy, putting forward a new interpretation, which is informed by the Foucauldian conceptualization of the productive nature of the power/knowledge nexus. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: The Promezhutochnoe and Sil’noe epithermal gold and silver deposits and ore bodies of eastern areas of the Sopka Rudnaya deposit have been discovered in the Maiskoe ore cluster, central Chukchi Peninsula, in terrigenous flysch strata of the basements of the Okhotsk–Chukchi volcanic belt. Fluid inclusions in quartz from gold ore veins of Promezhutochnoe have been studied. Similar deposits and occurrences have been found in the terrigenous-sedimentary framing of some intrusion domes in tectonomagmatic zones in the Upper Yana–Kolyma fold belt. Terrigenous strata of similar compositions host the Vysokovol’tnoe and Kosmanychi gold and silver deposits in central Kyzyl Kum and the Balei and Taseevka deposits in Transbaikalia. The richest Hishikari deposit (250 tons of gold, the mean content 60 g/t) in Japan also occurs in terrigenous strata of the basement beneath a volcanic rock cover. However, deposits other than Hishikari, Balei, or Taseevka are small. The causes of this fact are discussed in the context of the geologic structure, chemical composition, and ore formation conditions in the Promezhutochnoe deposit. The main physicochemical parameters of the formation of the ores in this deposit are: temperature 247–194 °C, pressure 270–30 bar, salt concentration 4.3–2.9 wt.% NaCl equiv. The composition of the ore-forming fluids has been studied by gas chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Focuses on the life and works of L.A. Govorov, the first Commander in Chief of Air Defense Forces in Soviet Union. Contribution of Govorov in the military operation; Achievement and awards; Educational background.

The article presents information on the proliferation of private violence in the Soviet Union following the reform measures adopted by the government in 1987. When the Soviet Union started showing signs of fragmentation the Soviet society was pervaded by unprecedented violent groups including, criminal fraternities formed in the Soviet prisons, racketeer gangs formed out of sport teams, organizations of Afghan war veterans, Cossack unions, and segments of the state coercive agencies acting as autonomous protective associations.

The article presents information on influence of urbanization on demographic process in the U.S.S.R. The concentration of population in urban settlements is one of the distinguishing features among the changes that have taken place in the distribution of our country's population. In recent years this process has become a very stable one and is proceeding together with a decline in the rural population. The increase in the urban population and its concentration in large cities is only the external form of the profound socio-economic changes that make up the essence of the present stage of the urbanization process. Today 56 percent of country's entire population lives in cities, and more than half of all births and deaths take place in cities. Thus the influence of the specific mode of life which is the essence of urbanization is of great and ever growing importance in changing the number, composition, and dynamics of the country's population. In the demographic, economic, and geographical literature, the negative demographic consequences of urbanization have been repeatedly noted. However, there are comparatively few works devoted to the detailed and integrated analysis of this phenomenon.

Analyzes the effects of changes in the social status of women on the demographic development of the family in the Soviet Union. Enhancement of the status of women with higher education and involvement in professional activities; Transformation of the needs of women in terms of family and marital relations; Factors causing breakup of the families.

Emphasizes the importance of trustworthiness and statistical information in the transition of the Soviet Union to a market economy. Monetary policy adopted in relation to budget deficit and balance of payment; Discussion of the economic development under the socialist structure; Evaluation of the Five-Year Plan imposed on the Soviet state during the late 1980s.