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Parallel pipeline projects can contribute to ensuring a safe and stable water supply and preventing or mitigating losses caused by water pipeline accidents. However, because these projects require a significant investment, feasibility tests are essential prior to their implementation. Considering the public nature of the water supply, the direct beneficiaries of the project and people from other regions can place value on such projects. Thus, this study estimates the value of parallel pipeline projects using the contingent valuation method (CVM) and the swing weighting technique. We constructed two contingent valuation surveys: one asking about the willingness to pay (WTP) for a parallel pipeline project within the respondent's region and the other asking about the WTP for a project outside the region. The results show that the annual WTP per household for projects within and outside the region was 113,669 KRW (87.98 USD) and 5493 KRW (4.25 USD), respectively. These results indicate that the value perceived by people from outside the region should be considered. Additionally, the results from the swing weighting technique and WTP analysis show that the values that respondents generally consider important and those that can leverage the overall project value are distinct. This study's results provide insights into the implementation of parallel pipeline projects in South Korea. Furthermore, this study's analytical framework can be used for the valuation of other public infrastructure projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aurelia aurita (AA), a legally registered harmful marine organism in South Korea, is damaging marine human leisure activities, local residents' tourism income, fisheries, and cooling water intake at power plants. The government is therefore seeking to eradicate AA by removing AA-attached larvae (polyps). This article looks into the public willingness to pay (WTP) for the eradication, utilizing a contingent valuation. For the sake of eliciting the WTP response, the one-and-one-half-bounded (OB) model was adopted. For comparison, the single-bounded (SB) model, which uses only the response to the first question in the OB model, was also applied. A spike model with a considerable plausibility that could explicitly deal with zero WTP responses was employed. Consequently, the estimation results of the SB model were used for further policy analysis. The household average WTP was estimated as KRW 3,911 (USD 3.49) per year, securing statistical significance. The national value was KRW 80.46 billion (USD 71.71 million) per annum. This figure can be interpreted as public value of the AA eradication project and used as essential basic data to evaluate the economic feasibility of implementing the project. Some factors such as income and education level significantly positively affected the intention of paying a suggested bid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the not-a-long history of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in South Korea for about 20 years, they play a significant role and share in the highway sector. Road safety is one of the most critical public values in the construction and operation of highways. However, the safety achievement of the PPP projects has not been paid enough attention to and comprehensive and objective evaluation efforts were insufficient. This study investigates the evidence of whether the PPP highways in Korea have experienced a higher degree of road safety compared to the public highways through an empirical analysis. To this end, several crash-frequency prediction models were estimated for all toll highways in the country, including 18 PPP highways opened between 2000 and 2018. The numbers of accidents and casualties, annual traffic volume, and other roadway or PPP-project characteristic data for the five years were collected and organized as unbalanced panel datasets. To account for the unobserved heterogeneity and temporal correlation among the analysis units, i.e., highway segments, panel data models were estimated and compared with cross-sectional models. The modeling results showed that the positive effect of PPPs on road safety in terms of the number of accidents and casualties for the toll highways in Korea exists. The findings of this study offer important policy implications for countries that are pursuing to extend the partnerships with private sectors by helping policymakers to refine or improve the existing PPP policies. • We investigate whether PPPs help enhance road safety on the Korean national toll highways. • Two panel data models are developed and compared with cross-sectional models. • The PPP highways experienced fewer accidents and casualties than the public highways. • This is the first study to identify the positive correlation between PPPs and safety in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International headlines present the Shincheonji Church of Jesus the Temple of the Tabernacle of the Testimony on the one hand as a 'dangerous sect' or 'cult' and on the other hand as a marginalised Christian group in need of defence by human rights advocates fighting for religious freedom. Our contribution examines the Church's internal text messages and recorded meetings of executives leaked to the press, court orders, arrest orders and charges against its founder Lee Man-hee, and Korean and Anglophone popular media coverage in order to provide a discourse analysis on the political nature of constructing Shincheonji as 'bad' or 'good' religion. We argue that understanding the contemporary situation requires a look at the political history of Protestant Christian – specifically American Protestant – influence on the secularism of South Korea. The state's attempt to enforce public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic continues to clash with Shincheonji's secret proselytisation process. Protestant influence on the South Korean state is also present in public health values, which are now presented as secular values but have roots in religious traditions. What is at stake here is how state power to immunise and quarantine rationalises and legitimates itself by claiming to protect the majority, at the expense of (religious) minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Numerous countries employ social enterprise as an alternative way of addressing social, economic, and environmental problems, with this new approach steadily gaining strength over the last two decades. Despite this growth, few empirical studies have examined the effects of government policies on social enterprise development. Seeking to fill this gap, this study examines the impact of government funding on the social and economic performance of social enterprises in South Korea, framed by integrative publicness hypotheses. The integrative publicness framework posits that infused publicness by government funding can enhance public value creation. To investigate the impact of government funding on social enterprises, this study has gathered data from annual reports voluntarily published by Korean social enterprises in 2018. Regression was employed to analyze the data. The findings suggest that government funding is positively associated with social enterprise's employment of the disadvantaged, community contribution, and democratic decision-making. In addition, government funding is related to a decrease in the business profitability of social enterprises, implying that it may lessen their profit-maximization. This study provides policymakers and managers of social enterprises with suggestions on how to measure the outcomes of social enterprises and offers real-world touchstones on how they can improve their creation of public value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of renewable energy sources for hydrogen production is attracting attention regarding a sustainable future energy system. The South Korean Government aims to develop and commercialize marine biological hydrogen (MBH) technology, which produces hydrogen using marine hyperthermophilic archaeons. The purpose of this study is to perform an economic evaluation of MBH technology based on households' mean willingness to pay (WTP). The contingent valuation method and cost–benefit analysis are used as methodologies for detailed analysis. The results show that the mean WTP estimate is KRW 2508 (USD 2.14) per household per year, but the ratio of households with zero WTP is considerable. The net present value and the benefit–cost ratio of MBH technology development are KRW 169.04 billion (USD 144.35 million) and 5.65, respectively, proving the high economic feasibility of the technology. Several implications for future decisions on MBH technology are provided based on the results. • Marine biological hydrogen (MBH) technology is being developed in Korea. • We assess households' willingness to pay (WTP) for developing MBH technology. • The mean annual WTP is calculated to be KRW 2508 (USD 2.14) per household. • The present value of the total WTP is KRW 205.4 billion (USD 175.4 million). • The present value of the total WTP is more than that of the cost involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offshore wind energy in South Korea has received more attention than other renewable energies with less availability of onshore space and low public acceptance. The South Korean government announced a new policy to enhance offshore wind energy portion, and has been exploring the energy development sites. The current article estimates the willingness to pay (WTP) for offshore wind energy, employing the contingent valuation approach. To this end, a nationwide survey of 1000 respondents was conducted to compute their WTP for the offshore wind energy project. The average WTP was estimated at KRW 3600.0 (USD 3.1) per month per household, and the calculated benefit total was KRW 869.0 billion (USD 744.3 million) per year. These findings can provide a significant standard for discerning the economic evaluation of the offshore wind energy project. Finally, we offer the pertinent policy implication in line with the analysis results. • This study estimates the public value of offshore wind energy in South Korea. • To this end, contingent valuation survey of 1000 households was conducted. • Willingness to pay (WTP) was elicited by single bound model. • A spike model was applied to deal with the zero WTP responses. • The monthly mean WTP per household is estimated as KRW 3600.0 (USD 3.1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to appraise the public value of expanding the introduction of a smart water metering and monitoring system (SWMMS) nationwide by adopting a contingent valuation approach of asking about a consumer's preference for a good using a survey of people. Randomly chosen 1000 households were interviewed using the one-and-one-half-bounded question. The monthly public value was obtained as KRW 862 (USD 0.77) per household, equivalent to 6.6% of a water bill. The monthly related cost was calculated as KRW 425 (USD 0.38) per household. Thus, the introduction of an SWMMS would be socially profitable. • The introduction of a smart water metering and monitoring system is considered. • The public value of the introduction is appraised, applying contingent valuation. • The mean willingness to pay is obtained as KRW 862 per household per month. • The related cost incurred by the introduction is KRW 425 per household per month. • The public value is about two times greater than the cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With there being increasing demand for marine leisure activities, the Korean government is looking to carry out marina port development projects. Specifically, the Gogunsan marina port is under consideration for construction in Korea, owing to its development feasibility. This study attempts to estimate the public value of the marina port development project by using the contingent valuation (CV) method. To this end, a CV survey by person-to-person interview was administered to 1000 randomly selected households to elicit their willingness to pay (WTP) for the project. Overall, the respondents accepted the contingent market, and on average, the mean WTP for the project was estimated to be approximately KRW 1840 (USD 1.6) per year per household. The results can be used in policy-makers' decision-making regarding the economic feasibility of constructing the marina port. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cheollian Satellite 2A called Geo-Kompsat-2A is a geostationary meteorological satellite operated by Korea Meteorological Administration for weather and space-weather observation purposes. This article seeks to evaluate the public value arising from improving the accuracy of early detection of cumulonimbus using Geo-Kompsat-2A. To this end, an economic technique called contingent valuation (CV) is adopted taking a three step approach. In step 1, a CV questionnaire was prepared for deriving the willingness to pay (WTP) for the improvement. In step 2, a nationwide survey of 1000 households was conducted using the CV questionnaire and employing person-to-person interviews with household visits. In step 3, the average WTP was estimated. The yearly household average WTP was KRW 2143 (USD 1.91), securing statistical significance. Adjusting this value to suit the entire population of South Korea produces a yearly public value of KRW 44.1 billion (USD 39.3 million). Although it is not easy to accurately evaluate the costs involved in the improvement, the results of conducting a pilot cost-benefit analysis suggest that the improvement secures social desirability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean energy is a type of renewable energies and is considered as having a potential power of providing a substantial amount of energy. Although some forms of ocean energy are developed, there is a need for further technological advances to better utilize ocean energy. Government should take observable actions to compensate for the costs of developing the technology. This paper attempts to apply a contingent valuation (CV) method to obtaining at least a preliminary evaluation of the benefits that ensue from the development of the technology that commercializes ocean energy in the Republic of Korea. Overall, the CV survey was successfully carried out to elicit the willingness to pay (WTP) for ocean energy. The WTP was statistically significantly estimated from one-and one-half bounded spike model and the monthly mean WTP estimates was KRW 1003 (USD 0.9) per household. The estimates of the annual benefits to relevant residents amounted to KRW 206.4 billion (USD 183.8 million). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]