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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Domestic, US and Australian beef, which are differentiated by country of origin, are sold in Korea. In this differentiated product market, tariff reductions through Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are expected to strengthen the competitiveness of imported beef and, therefore, to mitigate the effects arising from the market power of domestic marketers. The present study develops a simulation model that evaluates this mitigating effect by explicitly reflecting the market structure that domestic beef marketers constitute. The simulation results indicate that the farm-retail marketing margin would decrease by 10.59% or 6.79% due to the Korea–US and Korea–Australia FTAs, respectively, if domestic beef marketers formed a cartel or an oligopoly market (i.e. the degree of market power is 0.5), while the marketing margin under a competitive market scenario is simulated to have no change. The value of beef production would decrease by 1009 million dollars if the marketers form a cartel and hence exercise monopoly power. The FTAs are simulated to reduce the value of beef production by 564 million dollars under the competitive market scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing intakes of salt can help decrease a person's risk of heart-related chronic diseases. This study utilized a nonhypothetical choice experiment (with some hypothetical product options) to examine consumers' valuation for 'Reduced Salt' canned ham in Korea. This study analyzed different sources of heterogeneity, such as correlation across utilities, income effects, and risk preferences, by estimating four different specifications of the random parameters logit model. Results suggest that the range of discount needed for consumers to switch from 'Reduced Salt' canned ham to standard canned ham is 274 KRW ($USD 0.24) to 313 KRW ($USD 0.28) per can, which is approximately 7.8-8.9% of the average price of a canned ham. The results also suggest that consumers prefer the canned ham using domestic pork to the canned ham using imported pork. Moreover, respondents who are highly risk averse were more likely to purchase products with domestic ingredients. Une diminution de l'apport en sodium peut contribuer à réduire le risque de maladies cardiaques chroniques. Dans la présente étude, nous avons utilisé une méthode des choix discrets non hypothétiques (comprenant quelques options de produits hypothétiques) pour examiner l'évaluation des consommateurs coréens concernant le jambon en conserve « réduit en sodium ». Nous avons analysé diverses sources d'hétérogénéité, telles que la corrélation des fonctions d'utilité, l'effet de revenu et les préférences quant au risque, en estimant quatre spécifications du modèle logit à paramètres aléatoires. Les résultats de notre étude indiquent que la fourchette d'escompte nécessaire pour inciter les consommateurs à passer du jambon en conserve « réduit en sodium » au jambon en conserve ordinaire varie de 274 KRW (0,24 $ US) à 313 KRW (0,28 $ US) par conserve, soit environ 7,8 à 8,9 % du prix moyen du jambon en conserve. Les résultats indiquent également que les consommateurs préfèrent le jambon en conserve provenant de porcs élevés en Corée plutôt que porcs importés. De plus, les répondants qui avaient une forte aversion pour le risque étaient plus susceptibles d'acheter des produits contenant des ingrédients provenant de la Corée. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreaks of mad cow disease (BSE) have significantly increased the demand for food safety programs in the Korean beef market. Two issues that are getting much attention are about whether Korea should implement mandatory testing of slaughtered domestic cattle for BSE and whether consumers are willing to pay a tax for the programme. No study, however, has examined consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) a tax for a BSE testing programme. We conducted a contingent valuation (CV) study using a double-bounded dichotomous choice approach to estimate Korean consumers’ valuation for a mandatory BSE testing programme on slaughtered domestic cattle that are 21 months or older. Our results show that the sample-population adjusted mean estimate of WTP a tax per year is 4482 KRW (US $4.01) per household. This suggests that Korean consumers have a strong preference for a mandatory testing of domestic cattle for BSE. This study also found that Korean consumers’ WTP for the programme is greater than estimated implementation costs of the programme. These results imply that implementing a mandatory BSE testing programme in Korea could confer positive consumer welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study examines public perceptions of biotechnology, specifically the consumer approval of genetically modified food products, from plant as well as from animal origin, based on data collected from national surveys conducted in both the United States and South Korea. South Korean consumers reported better understanding of food production, science, and technology relative to U.S. consumers. South Korean consumers also recalled having heard more about genetic modification than did U.S. consumers. Findings also suggest that consumers in the United States and South Korea who possessed an accurate knowledge of the applications and outcomes of genetic modification technology were more likely to approve of its use for the creation of foods than those who had inaccurate or no knowledge of the technology. Results also indicate that consumers who considered labeling of genetically modified foods to be necessary are less likely to approve of the genetic modification of foods than those who did not. Consumers in both countries are less approving of genetic modification of animals than the genetic modification of plants. However, U.S. consumers are more approving of using genetic modification technology to create animal-derived foods than are South Korean consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Calorie labeling per menu item reduces consumer calorie consumption, while daily intake recommendations show similar effects. • When calorie labeling and daily intake recommendations are presented together, the reduction in calorie consumption is nullified. • The study underscores the complexity of influencing food choices through calorie information policies and the importance of strategic presentation. • Personality traits influence food choices, with extroverts opting for lower-calorie items and those with higher self-esteem and agreeableness choosing higher-calorie options. • Developing strategic calorie information policies is essential to effectively guide individuals toward healthier food choices in restaurant settings. This paper builds on the stream of research of the impact of caloric information on food choices and its implications for food and health policies. Specifically, the study explores the interaction between calorie labeling per menu and daily intake recommendations. By conducting a field experiment in South Korea, consumers were randomly approached to assess the effects of calorie-related information on food choices. The study reveals that offering either the daily calorie intake recommendation or specific calorie information on menu items reduces consumers' calorie consumption. Yet, when both types of information are presented concurrently, this effect is nullified. This implies that, in line with U.S. FDA regulations, presenting both daily calorie recommendations and specific calorie information on menu item in restaurants might not be an effective strategy for promoting lower calorie choices. The study also examines the influence of personality traits on food choice. Extroverts tend to choose lower-calorie items, while individuals with higher self-esteem and agreeableness and neuroticism traits prefer higher-calorie options. Good self-restraint is linked to lower-calorie choices. This research highlights the need for strategic calorie information policies in order to effectively guide individuals toward healthier choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]