Search

We analyzed the changes in various motor function scores over a four-year period in patients with non-ambulatory spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) during Nusinersen treatment. Patients underwent Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) or Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) before treatment, and approximately every 4 months thereafter. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP INTEND) or Children's Hospital of Philadelphia – Adult Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP ATEND), Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM), and Motor Function Measure (MFM) were performed based on baseline functional status. Narrative interviews were conducted to explore post-treatment physical improvement regarding activities of daily living (ADLs) and fatigue after ADLs. Based on HFMSE results, 9 patients achieved minimum clinically important differences. Average rates of change (slopes) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for all assessment tools were in a positive direction. CHOP-INTEND showed the most prominent improvement in children and adolescents followed by HFMSE. Improvements in CHOP-ATEND were most noticeable in adults. Improvements were accompanied by changes in ADLs as observed in the narrative interviews. It is necessary to consider various functional aspects to determine the effectiveness of Nusinersen therapy. The objective assessment of the therapeutic effect of Nusinersen in non-ambulatory SMA requires consideration of functional aspects and the related ADLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined specific clinical risk factors for age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass in late middle-aged women with sarcopenia. This Korean nationwide cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2814 community-dwelling women aged from 50 to 64 years old and screened them for sarcopenia. This study examined various risk factors such as age; height; weight; body mass index; waist circumference; skeletal muscle mass index; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; smoking and drinking habits; fasting glucose levels; triglyceride; and cholesterol levels. Complex sampling analysis was used for the data set. Prevalence of sarcopenia with a weighted prevalence of 13.43% (95% confidence interval: 2.15–15.78). The risk factors for sarcopenia were height, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride level, and total cholesterol level (p < 0.05). Weight, fasting glucose level, drinking status, and smoking status were not significant (p > 0.05). These results are expected to contribute to the existing literature on sarcopenia and identify potential risk factors associated with the development of sarcopenia in late middle-aged females. By acknowledging prevalence and recognized risk factors, healthcare professionals may augment their proficiency in recognizing and discerning potential instances of sarcopenia in female patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Olive flounder (OF) is a widely aqua-cultivated and recognized socioeconomic resource in Korea. However, more than 50% of by-products are generated when processing one OF, and there is no proper way to utilize them. With rising awareness and interest in eco-friendly bio-materialization recycling, this research investigates the potential of enzymatic hydrolysis of OF by-products (OFB) to produce functional ingredients. Various enzymatic hydrolysates of OFB (OFBEs) were generated using 11 commercial enzymes. Among them, Prozyme 2000P-assisted OFBE (OFBP) exhibited the highest protein content and yield, as well as low molecularization. The muscle regenerative potential of OFBEs was evaluated using C2C12 myoblasts, revealing that OFBP positively regulated myoblast differentiation. In an in vitro Dex-induced myotube atrophy model, OFBP protected against muscle atrophy and restored myotube differentiation and Dex-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, zebrafish treated with OFBEs showed improved locomotor activity and body weight, with OFBP exhibiting outstanding restoration in the Dex-induced muscle atrophy zebrafish in vivo model. In conclusion, OFBEs, particularly OFBP, produce hydrolysates with enhanced physiological usability and muscle regenerative potential. Further research on its industrial application and mechanistic insights is needed to realize its potential as a high-quality protein food ingredient derived from OF processing by-products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, namely Kennedy disease, is a rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat in the first exon of the androgen receptor gene on the X chromosome. We assessed the clinical history, laboratory findings, functional scales and electrophysiological data, as well as the levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone, in 157 Korean patients with genetically confirmed spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (mean age at data collection = 56.9 years; range = 33–83 years). Hand tremor was the first symptom noticed by patients at a median age of 35 years, followed by gynaecomastia, orofacial fasciculation, cramps and fatigability in ascending order. Clinical symptoms such as paraesthesia and dysphagia appeared during the later stages of the disease. Cane use during ambulation began at a median age of 62 years. There were statistically significant differences between patients and controls in the results of sensory nerve studies, motor conduction velocity, and distal latencies. Furthermore, among the hormone markers analysed, the level of luteinizing hormone exhibited a negative correlation with the spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy functional rating scale, Korean version. However, among the patients with a disease duration of ≤5 years, the levels of luteinizing hormone showed a significant correlation with assessments using the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale-revised, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy functional rating scale, Korean version and the 6-minute walk test. In conclusion, our findings provide clinical information from a substantial number of patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy in Korea that accorded with that of patients with this disease worldwide but with updated clinical features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an erratum for an article titled "Identifying the Unmet Medical Needs of HIV-Positive Subjects in Korea: Results of a Nationwide Online Survey." The erratum acknowledges an error in the published article and includes corrected figures. It also provides a note on experienced and reported symptoms of HIV-positive subjects in Korea. The document apologizes for any inconvenience caused. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the frequency of tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) in fibromyalgia (FM) patients. Patients and methods: In this prospective study, we investigated paresthesia of the foot, sensory and motor deficits, atrophy of the abductor hallucis muscle, and the presence of Tinel's sign in 76 female FM patients (mean age 39.3±7.4 years; range, 24 to 52 years) and 60 sex-matched healthy control subjects (mean age 38.6±8.2 years; range, 28 to 49 years) without FM between July 2016 and June 2018. Bilateral electrophysiological studies of the tibial, peroneal, sural, and medial as well as lateral plantar nerves were performed. Results: Paresthesia was observed in 22 FM patient extremities and four control subject extremities (p=0.002). Local tenderness at the tarsal tunnel was observed in 12 FM patient extremities and two control subject extremities (p=0.021). TTS was detected electrophysiologically in 14 FM patient extremities and two control subject extremities (p=0.009). Conclusion: Paresthesia of the foot and local tenderness at the tarsal tunnel were significantly more prevalent in FM patients than in healthy control subjects. TTS is statistically more frequent in patients with FM than the normal population. The potential comorbidities of TTS and paresthesia of the foot should be carefully examined in FM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the association between low muscle mass and osteoporosis in the Korean general population.Methods: We analyzed 14,429 participants (6,261 men and 8,168 women) from the 2009-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) aged 20 years or more.Main Outcome Measure: The association of low muscle mass with osteoporosis was investigated using multivariate logistic regression models that included age, marital status, residence, current smoking, monthly drinking, physical activities, strength exercise, comorbidity, and the use of dietary supplements, and in women postmenopausal status and experience of pregnancy.Results: After adjusting for covariates, low muscle mass was significantly associated with osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in both men (lumbar spine: OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.08-2.76; femoral neck: OR 3.39, 95 % CI 1.69-6.80) and women (lumbar spine: OR 1.52, 95 % CI 1.17-1.97; femoral neck: OR 2.09, 95 % CI 1.56-2.80). Also, the association between low muscle mass and osteoporosis was significant in men and women in every age group except for men aged 50-64 years.Conclusion: Low muscle mass was significantly associated with osteoporosis in both men and women for all age groups, except for men aged 50-64 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is considerable debate on the recovery of rotator cuff muscle atrophy after rotator cuff repair. Purpose: To evaluate the serial changes in supraspinatus muscle volume after rotator cuff repair by using semiautomatic segmentation software and to determine the relationship with functional outcomes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Seventy-four patients (mean age, 62.8 ± 8.8 years) who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and obtained 3 consecutive (preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and later postoperatively [≥1 year postoperatively]) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans having complete Y-views were included. We generated a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed model of the supraspinatus muscle by using in-house semiautomatic segmentation software (ITK-SNAP) and calculated both the 2-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional area and 3D volume of the muscle in 3 different views (Y-view, 1 cm medial to the Y-view [Y+1 view], and 2 cm medial to the Y-view [Y+2 view]) at the 3 time points. The area and volume changes at each time point were evaluated according to repair integrity. Later postoperative volumes were compared with immediately postoperative volumes, and their relationship with various clinical factors and the effect of higher volume increases on range of motion, muscle power, and visual analog scale pain and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores were evaluated. Results: The interrater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements. Areas and volumes increased immediately postoperatively as compared with preoperatively; however, only volumes on the Y+1 view and Y+2 view significantly increased later postoperatively as compared with immediately postoperatively (P < .05). There were 9 patients with healing failure, and area and volume changes were significantly less later postoperatively compared with immediately postoperatively at all measurement points in these patients (P < .05). After omitting the patients with healing failure, volume increases later postoperatively became more prominent (P < .05) in the order of the Y+2 view, Y+1 view, and Y-view. Volume increases were higher in patients who healed successfully with larger tears (P = .040). Higher volume increases were associated only with an increase in abduction power (P = .029) and not with other outcomes. Conclusion: The supraspinatus muscle volume increased immediately postoperatively and continuously for at least 1 year after surgery. The increase was evident in patients who had larger tears and healed successfully and when measured toward the more medial portion of the supraspinatus muscle. The volume increases were associated with an increase in shoulder abduction power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was undertaken to develop and cross-validate reference and individual predictive models for estimating functional thigh muscle cross-sectional area (TCSA) by 2-point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). TCSAs of dominant sides at the mid-thigh level were measured by 2-point Dixon MRI ( MRI TCSA). Functional MRI TCSA were compared with the predictive models in a sample of 92 younger (20–40 years; 28.55 ± 4.87; n = 50) and older (>65 years; 71.22 ± 4.82; n = 42) Koreans. Lean body masses were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA LBM), and thigh isokinetic muscle strengths, extension peak torque at 60°/sec, were measured using a Biodex ® dynamometer ( Biodex EPT). Multiple regression analysis generated the reference model (R 2 = 0.75 and SEE = 1472.63 mm 2 (8%)) as follows: The reference model: functional TCSA(mm 2 ) = −1230.49 + 62.81*height + 3061.78*gender −2692.57*age + 58.91*weight. The individual model (R 2 = 0.80, SEE = 1158.34 mm 2 (7%)) was as follows: The individual model: functional TCSA(mm 2 ) = 1631.62 + 1.76* DXA LBM + 9.51* Biodex EPT where height is in centimeters; weight is in kilograms; for gender, female = 0 and male = 1; and for age, age under 40 = 1 and age over 65 = 2. PRESS statistics of R 2 and SEE were 0.78 and 1382.98 mm 2 for the reference model, and 0.88 and 979.02 mm 2 for the individual model. The 2-point Dixon MRI appears to be valid for measuring functional muscle size. Our results suggest that the reference and individual models provide acceptable estimates of functional thigh muscle CSA in healthy Korean adults. Therefore, the models developed in the study could be useful as a research tool to establish indexes for functional muscle composition in healthy Koreans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusion: In this series, the split type hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis resulted in more favorable outcomes in terms of both facial function and tongue atrophy. Objective: This study compared surgical techniques for hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis after schwannoma removal and evaluated which technique achieves better facial outcomes and less tongue morbidity. Method: This study included 14 patients who underwent hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis after schwannoma removal and were followed for more than 1 year. Three surgical techniques were performed: end-to-end, end-to-side, and split anastomoses. Facial palsy and tongue atrophy after anastomosis were evaluated using the scales suggested by House-Brackmann and Martins, respectively. Tumor volume and the time to surgery were also evaluated, and the effects on facial outcomes were analyzed. Results: Overall, nine of 14 (64.3%) patients had favorable facial outcomes, and eight of 14 (57.1%) had favorable tongue outcomes. Regarding facial palsy, five of seven (71.4%) end-to-end, three of four (75%) split, and only one of three (33.3%) end-to-side patients had favorable facial function. Regarding tongue atrophy, all three (100%) end-to-side, three of four (75%) split, and two of seven (28.6%) end-to-end patients had favorable tongue outcomes. The effects of tumor volume and time to surgery on facial outcome were not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To evaluate topographic correlations of the directions of β-zone peripapillary atrophy ( PPA) and optic disc torsion with retinal nerve fibre layer ( RNFL) defect in a Korean population. Methods Among 292 primary open-angle glaucoma ( POAG) patients from the 2012 KNHANES ( n = 7444, age ≥ 19 years), 93 eyes of 93 individuals with a single localized RNFL defect were enrolled. The angular locations of the point of maximum radial extent ( PMRE) of β-zone PPA and the optic disc torsion were measured on fundus photography. The angular location of the PMRE and the torsion degree ( TD) were noted when the absolute value of the former or the latter was ≥15 degrees from the reference line, a line drawn from the centre of the optic disc to the fovea. Results The overall POAG prevalence was estimated as 4.2% (95% confidence interval [ CI], 3.6-4.9). Of the POAG eyes with a single localized RNFL defect, 39.5% had superior or inferior PMRE of β-zone PPA; in 74.9% (p = 0.015) of those cases, the RNFL defect was located in the same hemifield as the angular location of the PMRE. Meanwhile, 40.4% of the POAG eyes with a single localized RNFL defect showed accompanying optic disc torsion. The correlation rate between the direction of the optic disc torsion and the RNFL defect location was 60.2% (p = 0.029). Conclusions In the Korean POAG patients examined, the directions of the PMRE of β-zone PPA and of the optic disc torsion showed significant associations with the RNFL defect location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The limb–girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by mainly proximal muscle weakness. LGMDD2 is characterized by prominent proximal weakness and muscle atrophy with predominant lower limb involvement and other additional features, such as dysphagia, arachnodactyly, joint contractures, and dysarthria. Up to now, LGMDD2 was reported that it was caused by Transportin-3 (TNPO3) gene defect (two frameshift and one missense mutations) in Italian-Spanish, Swedish, and Hungarian family. We report a case of LGMDD2 with previously reported missense mutation in Korean family. A 45-year-old woman admitted to our hospital for bilateral proximal arm and leg weakness for 8 months. She had taken the medicine due to hypothyroidism for 19 years. Eight months ago, she had only mild fatigability and heaviness of bilateral arm and leg. But she could not climb upstairs and stand from floor without aid three months ago. Furthermore, she suffered had bilateral hand and arm weakness. Neurologic examination showed bilateral arm and leg weakness (MRC grade GIV), impaired heel gait and hopping with Gower's sign. Serum creatinine phosphokinase and thyroid function test were normal. Electromyography revealed general myopathic change and whole-body muscle MRI did not show the evidence of myopathic change. We performed targeted next generation sequencing for myopathy, and found heterozygous c.2453G>A (p.Arg818Gln). That pathogenic variant was previously reported with adult onset autosomal dominant LGMD and slow progression. LGMDD2 is very rare LGMD and reported in only European countries previously. Through this report, we would like to inform you that LGMDD2 is also found in Asian countries and that consideration for this disease is needed in patients with hereditary muscle disease in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a slowly progressive skeletal muscle disease occurring primarily in elderly patients. Recently, increased incidence of IBM has been reported in the East Asian population. The 2011 European Neuromuscular Centre (ENMC) criteria emphasized specific clinical features of weakness in finger flexion and knee extension. In this study, we reviewed the general features of IBM patients from Korean populations, classified by 2011 ENMC clinical criteria. We reviewed cases of IBM in Pusan national university Yangsan hospital. Eighteen cases were enrolled. Mean onset age was 63.4 years, half of the patients were male. Six of them were probable IBM, nine were clinically definite IBM, and two were clinically definite, but did not fit to pathological criteria. Eight patients were initially diagnosed as polymyositis, and two cases as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mean duration of onset to diagnosis was 4.9 years. Most common initial presentation was difficulty in climbing up stairs, followed by hand grip weakness. Nine cases presented asymmetric clinical feature. Most of them showed myopathic pattern on needle electromyogram (EMG). Muscle biopsy revealed endomysial inflammation or rimmed vacuole in fifteen cases, but two cases showed non-specific chronic myopathic change without IBM specific pathologic findings. Thigh and forearm muscle atrophy was dominant in skeletal muscle computed tomography. Seven of fifteen cases (47%) revealed positive result to anti-cN1A antibody test. Eight patients showed no response to corticosteroid, five patients responded to corticosteroid partially. IBM is still considered a challenging disorder. In this study, we presented clinical features, imaging findings, muscle specific antibody result and pathological findings of clinically diagnosed Korean IBM patients. Awareness of IBM in Asian population is required as the cases are increasing in Asian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Muscle wasting, resulting from aging or pathological conditions, leads to reduced quality of life, increased morbidity, and increased mortality. Much research effort has been focused on the development of exercise mimetics to prevent muscle atrophy and weakness. In this study, we identified indoprofen from a screen for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Y coactivator a (PGC-1α) inducers and report its potential as a drug for muscle wasting. Methods The effects of indoprofen treatment on dexamethasone-induced atrophy in mice and in 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1)-deleted C2C12 myotubes were evaluated by immunoblotting to determine the expression levels of myosin heavy chain and anabolic-related and oxidative metabolism-related proteins. Young, old, and disuse-induced muscle atrophic mice were administered indoprofen (2 mg/kg body weight) by gavage. Body weight, muscle weight, grip strength, isometric force, and muscle histology were assessed. The expression levels of muscle mass-related and function-related proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting or immunostaining. Results In young (3-month-old) and aged (22-month-old) mice, indoprofen treatment activated oxidative metabolism-related enzymes and led to increased muscle mass. Mechanistic analysis using animal models and muscle cells revealed that indoprofen treatment induced the sequential activation of AKT/p70S6 kinase (S6K) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn can augment protein synthesis and PGC-1α induction, respectively. Structural prediction analysis identified PDK1 as a target of indoprofen and, indeed, short-term treatment with indoprofen activated the PDK1/AKT/S6K pathway in muscle cells. Consistent with this finding, PDK1 inhibition abrogated indoprofen-induced AKT/S6K activation and hypertrophic response. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the effects of indoprofen in boosting skeletal muscle mass through the sequential activation of PDK1/AKT/S6K and AMPK/PGC-1α. Taken together, our results suggest that indoprofen represents a potential drug to prevent muscle wasting and weakness related to aging or muscle diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muscle atrophy, a reduction of muscle mass, strength, and volume, results from reduced muscle use and plays a key role in various muscular diseases. In the microgravity environment of space especially, muscle atrophy is induced by muscle inactivity. Exposure to microgravity induces muscle atrophy through several biological effects, including associations with reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study used 3D-clinostat to investigate muscle atrophy caused by oxidative stress in vitro, and sciatic denervation was used to investigate muscle atrophy in vivo. We assessed the effect of Oenothera odorata root extract (EVP) on muscle atrophy. EVP helped recover cell viability in C2C12 myoblasts exposed to microgravity for 24 h and delayed muscle atrophy in sciatic denervated mice. However, the expressions of HSP70, SOD1, and ceramide in microgravity-exposed C2C12 myoblasts and in sciatic denervated mice were either decreased or completely inhibited. These results suggested that EVP can be expected to have a positive effect on muscle atrophy by disuse and microgravity. In addition, EVP helped characterize the antioxidant function in muscle atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study that assessed the variables affecting the footprint repair coverage in rotator cuff repair. The researchers examined the differences in retear rate and clinical outcomes between complete and incomplete footprint coverage in rotator cuff surgery. A total of 85 repairs for rotator cuff tears were identified from 2007 to 2009 as having complete or incomplete coverage of original footprints. Tear size in the coronal plane was the only factor affecting the coverage.

The article studies the single-row (SR) and double-row suture bridge (DR-SB) methods of repairing rotator cuff tears. Background is presented on the lack of practical guidelines for deciding which technique is most beneficial to outcomes. Results of the study suggest remnant tendon length should be considered to improve repair integrity and that the SR technique may offer better rotator cuff integrity when remnant tendons are shorter than 10 millimeters.

Objectives To investigate whether vitamin D levels are independently associated with visceral obesity, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Population-based sample of elderly adults living in Ansan, Korea. Participants Two hundred sixteen men and 268 women aged 65 and older. Measurements Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25( OH)D) levels, visceral fat area ( VFA) according to abdominal computed tomography scanning, and body composition (body fat percentage, appendicular skeletal muscle mass ( ASM)) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Visceral obesity was defined as VFA of 100 cm2 or greater and sarcopenia as ASM/height2 more than 1 standard deviation ( SD) below the sex-specific mean of a young reference group. Results The adjusted 25( OH)D level for men was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure, VFA, and body fat percentage but positively associated with ASM. In women, waist circumference, triglyceride levels, and VFA were negatively correlated with 25( OH)D levels. In the joint regression model, VFA and ASM were independently associated with 25( OH)D levels (β = −0.078, P = .01 and β = 0.087, P = .02, respectively) per 1 SD difference in VFA and ASM in men but not women. When participants were categorized according to four visceral obesity and sarcopenia categories, adjusted mean 25( OH)D level was lower in men with visceral obesity than in men without but was not affected by the presence or absence of sarcopenia. Conclusion Greater visceral fat and lower muscle mass were associated with lower 25( OH)D levels in elderly Korean men, suggesting that screening for vitamin D deficiency may be appropriate in older Koreans with visceral obesity or sarcopenia. Sarcopenic obesity as defined according to prespecified criteria did not have an additive association with 25( OH)D levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To examine the relationship between depression and various components of body composition, including fat and muscle, in elderly Koreans. Design A cross-sectional sample of a longitudinal cohort from the Ansan Geriatric ( AGE) Study. Setting Elderly people living in urban area (Ansan City, South Korea). Participants Eight hundred thirty-six participants (378 male, 458 female) aged 60 and older were recruited from April 2006 to January 2008. Measurements Depressive symptoms were examined using the Korean version of the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale ( KGDS). Participants taking antidepressant medications or with a KGDS score of 14 or greater were classified as having depression. Abdominal visceral fat area ( VFA) and subcutaneous fat area were assessed using single-slice computed tomography, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass ( ASM) and percentage body fat (% BF) were determined using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Elderly men with depression had a lower ASM than those without depression ( P = .01) after adjusting for age, body weight, and height. In men, the risk of depression was lower with higher body mass index ( BMI) (odds ratio ( OR) per 1-standard deviation ( SD) increase = 0.70, 95% confidence interval ( CI) = 0.51-0.96) after adjusting for all confounding variables and higher ASM ( OR per 1- SD increase = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.29-0.85) after controlling for age, height, and weight. Similarly, depression was negatively associated with BMI in women ( OR per 1- SD increase = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.56-0.95). Waist circumference, % BF, and VFA were not consistently associated with depression in men or women. Conclusion Depression in elderly Koreans is associated with low body mass and sarcopenia, especially in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objectives: To examine the effects of interaction between dynapenic component of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) sarcopenia and obesity (dynapenia × obesity) on activities of daily living (ADL) in older participants. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the Validity and Reliability of Korean Frailty Index and the Validity and Reliability of the Kaigo-Yobo Checklist in Korean Elderly studies. Setting: Six welfare facilities operated by government in South Korea. Participants: Four hundred eighty-seven community-dwelling individuals (157 males, 330 females) >65 years of age. Measurement: Dynapenic component of the EWGSOP sarcopenia was defined as usual gait speed <0.8 m/s or grip strength lower than cut-off value (male <25.3 kg, female <12.0 kg). Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m2. ADL were assessed using the Barthel index. Results: There were 14 obese with dynapenic component cases (2 males, 12 females) of the 487 participants. Interaction of dynapenia and obesity was significant on multivariate generalized linear model analysis (P = .015). Conclusions: Dynapenic component of the EWGSOP sarcopenia and obesity in the elderly is associated with multiplicative interactions rather than additive interactions in ADL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]