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Objective To investigate whether the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) gene (CA)n repeat polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to endometriosis.Design Case-control study. Setting University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Population Women with (n = 622) and without (n = 442) endometriosis. Methods Genotyping was performed by fluorescent polymerasechain reaction (PCR) and gene-scan analysis. Main outcome measures Genotype distribution and allele frequency of the dinucleotide (CA)n repeat polymorphism in the IFN-γ gene. Results Seven alleles (12-18 repeats) of the IFN-γ gene (CA)n repeat polymorphism were found. In both patients with endometriosis and controls the most common allele was composed of 13 repeats, followed by an allele of 15 repeats, and then by an allele of 12 repeats. Patients with endometriosis had a significantly higher incidence of genotypes with alleles composed of fewer repeats (12-13 repeats), compared with the controls (92.0 versus 84.4%, respectively, P < 001). Conclusions Our results suggest that the (CA)n repeat polymorphism in the IFN-γ gene may be associated with a risk of endometriosis in the South Korean population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

배경 Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, highly fatal foodborne diseases implicated in sporadic cases and outbreak worldwide. L. monocytogenes infection is a notifiable declaration disease, especially in USA and European countries. However, human infections by L. monocytogenes are rare in Korea and information on this infection has been scarce among the Korean population. 방법 We report surveillance of L. monocytogenes in Korea using whole genome sequencing from 2012 to 1st half of 2020. A total of 24 clinical isolates are isolated and a first and a second outbreak associated isolates which were occurred recent in Korea were included. 결과 The predominant serotypes were 1/2a and 1/2b, which accounted for 79%. The prevalent STs were ST155, ST224, and ST87, accounting for 62.5% of the isolates. The STs of two isolates which was asso- ciated with the two different outbreaks were ST224 and the cgMLST analysis indicated that they are same clonal strain. The analysis of Listeria Pathogenicity Islands (LIPIs) indicated that distribution of LIPIs were associated with lineages and STs. The phylogenetic tree based on cgMLST showed that Korean isolates are clustered those from USA, Europe, South America, especially there is less than 20 allelic differences with those from Taiwan. 결론 There is different distribution of serotypes when they are compared to the USA and Europe. However, prevalent STs in Korea are widely distributed throughout the world. This study improves our understanding of genetic diversity of clinical L. monocytogenes in Korea for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Despite consistent recommendations from Clinical guidelines, data from random-deized trials on a Iong-term antithrombotic treatment strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease are still lacking. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, open-label, adjudicator-masked, randomized trial com-paring edoxaban monotherapy with dual antithrombotic therapy (edoxaban plus Songpasingle antiplatelet agent) in patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease (defined as coronary artery disease previously treated with revascularization or Divimanaged medically). The risk of stroke was assessed on the basis of the CHA2DS~VASC score (scores range from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating a greater risk of stroke). The primary outcome was a composite ofdeath from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic embolism, unplanned urgent revascularization, and major bleeding or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included Supplea composite of major ischemic events and the safety outcome of rnajor bleeding or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. RESULTS RESULTS: We assigned 524 patients to the edoxaban monotherapy group and 516 patients to the dual antithrombotic therapy group at 18 sites in South Korea. The mean age of the patients was 72.1 years, 22.9% were women, and the mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4.3. At 12 months, a primary-outcome event had occurred in 34 patients (Kaplan-Meier estimate, 6.890) assigned to edoxaban monotherapy and in 79 patients (16.2°6) assigned to dual antithrombotic therapy (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 0.65; P<0.001). The cumulative incidence of major ischemic events at 12 months appeared to be similar in the trial groups. Major bleeding or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding occurred in 23 patients (Kaplan-Meier estimate, 4.70) in the edoxaban monotherapy group and in 70 patients (14.2°/0) in the dual antithrombotic therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease, edoxaban monotherapy led to a lower risk ofa composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic embolism, unplanned urgent revascularization, or major bleeding or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding at 12 months than dual antithrombotic therapy. (Funded by the CardioVascular Research Foundation and others; EPIC-CAD ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03718559. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]