1. Comparison of the Pain-relieving Effects of Human Milk, Sucrose, and Distilled Water during Examinations for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
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Eun Kyung Jang, Hyejung Lee, Keum Sik Jo, Sung Mi Lee, Hyun Jin Seo, and Eun Joo Huh
- Subjects
BREAST milk ,HYDROTHERAPY ,PREVENTION of surgical complications ,SUCROSE ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,APGAR score ,BIRTH weight ,CHI-squared test ,EYE examination ,GESTATIONAL age ,NEWBORN screening ,NEONATAL intensive care ,OXYGEN in the body ,PACIFIERS (Infant care) ,PAIN ,RETROLENTAL fibroplasia ,STATISTICAL sampling ,PAIN management ,NEONATAL intensive care units ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Purpose: This study compared the pain-relieving effects of human milk, sucrose, and distilled water during examinations for retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: Forty-five preterm infants were randomly assigned to receive a pacifier dipped in one of three solutions: human milk (n=14), 24% sucrose (n=15), or distilled water (n=16), 2 minutes before an eye examination. Their pain score, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation were measured at three time points: 5 minutes before the examination, 30 seconds after speculum introduction, and 2 minutes after the examination. Results: The infants' mean gestational age and weight at birth were 33.1±2.1 weeks and 1,842±470 g, respectively. There were no between-group differences in pain relief during the eye examination. The pain score significantly increased both during (p<.001) and after the examinations (p=.003). Oxygen saturation decreased during the examinations (p<.001); however, the infants in the 24% sucrose group showed higher oxygen saturation (p=.047) during the examinations than the infants in the other groups. Conclusion: Sucking on a pacifier dipped in human milk or 24% sucrose did not reduce the pain associated with eye examinations in preterm infants. Pacifiers dipped in sucrose can be used to maintain better oxygen saturation during these examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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