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Yuja (Citrus junos) has been cultivated and used for food and medicinal purposes in China and Korea. Its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, moisturizing, and whitening effects were evaluated in HaCaT, HDF, and B16F10 cells. UVB has been known to cause cellular stress and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ambivalence of oxidative stress has been reported; however, excessive levels of ROS contribute to skin aging through the loss of elasticity and collagen fibers of connective tissue in the dermis. Skin aging is one of the biological processes that is affected by various factors, including UVB. Pro-Collagen I and hyaluronic acid contents were measured in UVB-irradiated HaCaT and HDF cells to evaluate the anti-wrinkle and moisturizing effects of Yuja-peel (YJP) fractions in -EA (ethyl acetate), -Hex (hexane), and -BuOH (butanol). The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) involved in collagen degradation was confirmed to be inhibited by YJP fractions at both the protein and mRNA levels. Filaggrin and serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which are moisturizing factors, were induced by YJP fractions. B16F10 cells were treated with α-MSH to induce hyperpigmentation, and then the whitening efficacy of YJP fractions was verified by observing a decrease in melanin content. Overall, our results contribute to the development of various novel skin-improving cosmetics and pharmaceuticals with YJP fractions as active ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Glehnia littoralis (Umbelliferae) is a commonly used traditional medicine to treat the immune-related diseases in Korea, China, and Japan. Aim of the study : This study was designed to investigate the elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory potentials of hot water extracts of G. littoralis leaves. Materials and methods : An MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted to measure the cytotoxicity of the extract on the HS68 and B16F10 cell lines. An ultraviolet (UV) irradiation protection effect on HS68 cells of the extract was also examined. The elastase and tyrosinase inhibition assays were conducted to determine anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening potentials of the plant extract. Results : The hot water extracts of G. littoralis leaves were nontoxic to two cell lines, HS68 and B16F10. Less than 10% cell death of the two cell lines and remarkable effect of the leaf extracts on UV irradiation protection of HS68 cells indicated noncytotoxic properties of G. littoralis leaves. The leaf extracts were found to have considerable tyrosinase and elastase inhibition potential, demonstrating skin whitening and anti-wrinkle properties, relative to ascorbic (250 μg/mL) and ursolic (250 μg/mL) acids. Conclusions : Findings of this study revealed that G. littoralis leaves could be used in the preparation of cosmetic products for skin whitening and anti-wrinkle applications. • Glehnia littoralis roots are widely used in oriental traditional medicine. • Leaf extracts of G. littoralis were nontoxic to HS68 and B16F10 cells. • Leaf extracts showed remarkable UV irradiation protection effects on HS68 cells. • Leaf extracts exhibited considerable skin whitening and anti-wrinkle properties. • Glehnia littoralis leaves could be used in the preparation of cosmetic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]