Search

The AnisoVeg product consists of monthly 1 km composites of anisotropy (ANI) and nadir-normalized (NAD) surface reflectance layers obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor over the entire South American continent. The satellite data were preprocessed using the multi-angle implementation atmospheric correction (MAIAC). The AnisoVeg product spans 22 years of observations (2000 to 2021) and includes the reflectance of MODIS bands 1 to 8 and two vegetation indices (VIs), namely the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). While the NAD layers reduce the data variability added by bidirectional effects on the reflectance and VI time series, the unique ANI layers allow the use of this multi-angular data variability as a source of information for vegetation studies. The AnisoVeg product has been generated using daily MODIS MAIAC data from both Terra and Aqua satellites, normalized for a fixed solar zenith angle (SZA = 45 ∘), modeled for three sensor view directions (nadir, forward, and backward scattering), and aggregated to monthly composites. The anisotropy was calculated by the subtraction of modeled backward and forward scattering surface reflectance. The release of the ANI data for open usage is novel, and the NAD data are at an advanced processing level. We demonstrate the use of such data for vegetation studies using three types of forests in the eastern Amazon with distinct gradients of vegetation structure and aboveground biomass (AGB). The gradient of AGB was positively associated with ANI, while NAD values were related to different canopy structural characteristics. This was further illustrated by the strong and significant relationship between EVI ANI and forest height observations from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar sensor considering a simple linear model (R2=0.55). Overall, the time series of the AnisoVeg product (NAD and ANI) provide distinct information for various applications aiming at understanding vegetation structure, dynamics, and disturbance patterns. All data, processing codes, and results are made publicly available to enable research and the extension of AnisoVeg products for other regions outside of South America. The code can be found at 10.5281/zenodo.6561351 (Dalagnol and Wagner, 2022), EVI ANI and EVI NAD can be found as assets in the Google Earth Engine (GEE; described in the data availability section), and the full dataset is available from the open repository 10.5281/zenodo.3878879 (Dalagnol et al., 2022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The AnisoVeg product consists of monthly 1-km composites of anisotropy (ANI) and nadir normalized (NAD) surface reflectance layers obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor over the entire South America. The satellite data were pre31 processed using the Multi-Angle Implementation Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC). The AnisoVeg product spans 22 years of observations (2000 to 2021) and includes the reflectance of MODIS bands 1 to 8 and two vegetation indices (VIs): Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). While the NAD layers reduce the data variability added by bidirectional effects on the reflectance and VI time series, the unique ANI layers allow the use of this multi-angular data variability as a source of information for vegetation studies. The AnisoVeg product has been generated using daily MODIS MAIAC data from both Terra and Aqua satellites, normalized for a fixed solar zenith angle (SZA = 45o), modelled for three sensor view directions (nadir, forward, and backward scattering), and aggregated to monthly composites. The anisotropy was calculated by the subtraction of modelled backward and forward scattering surface reflectance. The release of the ANI data for open usage is novel, as well as the NAD data at an advance processing level. We demonstrate the use of such data for vegetation studies using three types of forests in eastern Amazon with distinct gradients of vegetation structure and aboveground biomass (AGB). The gradient of AGB was positively associated with ANI, while NAD values were related to different canopy structural characteristics. This was further illustrated by the strong and significant relationship between EVIANI and forest height observations from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) LiDAR sensor considering a simple linear model (R2 = 0.55). Overall, the time series of the AnisoVeg product (NAD and ANI) provide distinct information for various applications aiming at understanding vegetation structure, dynamics, and disturbance patterns. All data, processing codes and results are made publicly available to enable research and the extension of AnisoVeg products for other regions outside the South America. The code can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6561351 (Dalagnol and Wagner, 2022), EVIANI and EVINAD can be found as assets in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) (described in the data availability section), and the full dataset is available at the open repository (Dalagnol et al., 2022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]