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This dialogue, recorded in 2021, explores the sound and feel of South-South political theory from the perspective of Southern Africa. The interlocutors discuss the question of violence and nonviolence in revolutionary change across generational divides. It centers the enduring place of spirit and ancestral voices in South Africa and Zimbabwe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A qualitative enquiry was carried out by administering 5 interview questions to residents of Tembisa in Gauteng Province, South Africa to determine factors that are responsible for the non-payment of municipal service fees. The enquiry was part of a survey in which information was gathered from 544 residents of various townships in Gauteng Province. Saturation was attained after conducting individual in-depth interviews with 12 participants. The enquiry found that the underlying causes of nonpayment were poor motivation, a lengthy time taken for resolving accountrelated enquiries (longer than 5 working days), and a short duration of residence in Ekurhuleni (10 years or less). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The newly elected South African President, Cyril Ramaphosa, set an ambitious objective to attract US$100 billion Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for South Africa's sustainable socio-economic development. This paper determines differential factors that influence the flow of FDI into South Africa. The objective of this study is to assess factors that affect the flow of FDI into South Africa. Data analysis is performed from the 217 foreign exchange practitioners, registered and working at the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa by performing both ordered logit and Bayesian analyses. Our results showed that the following are the most important FDI determinants factors: (1) the provision of economic incentives; (2) trade regulation and policies; and (3) high expectations of economic return on investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was based on the 5-yearlong study (2007 to 2012) of Small, Micro and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMMEs) that conduct business in Gauteng Province, South Africa conducted by Marivate (2014) from 2007 to 2012. The sample consisted of 187 businesses (36.52%) that utilized financial services routinely provided by the South African Small Enterprises Development Agency (SEDA), and 325 businesses (63.48%) that utilized non-financial services provided by SEDA. Out of the 187 businesses that utilized financial services, 85.42% of them were viable, whereas 14.58% of them were not viable. Out of the 325 businesses that utilized non-financial services, 43.25% of them were viable, whereas 56.75% of them were not viable. The degree of entrepreneurial skills in each of the 512 businesses that were selected for the study was measured by using a composite index defined by Le Brasseur, Zannibbi & Zinger (2013). The multilevel logistic regression model (Hosmer and Lemeshow) was used for identifying and quantifying predictors of utilization of financial and nonfinancial services provided by SEDA to SMMEs. Predictors of long-term survival were estimated by using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model (Cleves, Gould & Gutierrez, 2004). The results showed that the 187 businesses that utilized financial services (36.52%) were relatively more viable in comparison with businesses that utilized non-financial services (63.48%). Results obtained from the Cox Proportional Hazards Model showed that long-term viability in the 512 businesses that were selected for the study was significantly influenced by utilization of financial services, degree of entrepreneurial skills, and the ability to order large volumes of stock in bulk, in a decreasing order of strength. The top 3 predictors of utilization of financial services in the 187 businesses that utilized financial services were degree of entrepreneurial skills, the ability to order large volumes of stock in bulk, and access to training opportunities on entrepreneurial or vocational skills, in a decreasing order of strength. The top 3 predictors of utilization of non-financial services in the 325 businesses that utilized non-financial services were the age of business, past history of bankruptcy, and the practice of selling on credit, in a decreasing order of strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores factors that affect the adoption of agroforestry (AF) technologies in 'Tsolo' and 'Lusikisiki' areas in O.R. Tambo district in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It is based on empirical evidence gathered from households in the study areas. The aim and objective of the study are consistent with the strategic priorities of the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries. The study finds that agricultural farming experience, education level of the household head, a proxy variable for household wealth status, land size owned, number of livestock owned, pace of adoption of other agricultural technologies, the scale of slope of farm land, and percent of severely degraded farm land affect the adoption of AF technologies in the study areas significantly and with the higher magnitudes of the odds ratios. These variables need to be considered in all the initiatives by government and non-governmental organizations to promote AF as a strategy to realize integrated rural development in the study areas. These findings have policy implications to advance integrated sustainable rural development strategies. The local government in the study areas can use the promotion of AF technologies for multiple purposes, particularly as a tool toward rural poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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An oestrous synchronization study was conducted on 202 Dorper ewes kept under extensive veld conditions of South Africa, during the transition period from the natural breeding to the anoestrus season. Two types of intravaginal progestagen sponges, namely MAP (60 mg) (n=102) and FGA (40 mg) (n=100), three times of PMSG administration relative to sponge withdrawal (24 h before (n=59), at (n=56) or 24 h after (n=57)) and two routes of PMSG administration (intramuscular (n=87) or subcutaneous (n=85)) were compared regarding synchronization efficiency (oestrous response, time to onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus) and fertility (pregnancy, lambing, and fecundity rates) following AI with 0.1 ml fresh diluted semen. There were no significant differences in terms of oestrous response, time to onset of oestrus and the duration of induced oestrus due to differences in the type of progestagen sponges or time and route of PMSG administration. The overall pregnancy, lambing, and fecundity rates were 72.3, 91.1, and 126.0%, respectively. There were no significant differences in pregnancy, lambing, and fecundity rates between ewes treated with MAP and FGA sponges (70.6, 85.3, and 120.8% versus 74.0, 97.0, and 131.1%, respectively). However, within treatment, pregnancy, lambing, and fecundity rates were significantly (P<0.01) higher in ewes administered 300 IU PMSG 24 h prior to (78.0, 115.3, and 147.8%, respectively) or at sponge withdrawal (75.0, 94.6, and 126.2%, respectively), compared to those administered 24 h after sponge withdrawal (70.2, 73.7, and 105.0%, respectively) or those not injected with PMSG (60.0, 70.0, and 116.7%, respectively). Both MAP and FGA sponges could be used to synchronize oestrus in Dorper ewes during the transition period from breeding to anoestrus. Administration of 300 IU PMSG preferably 24 h prior to or at progestagen sponge withdrawal is essential to obtain better fertility rates at the induced oestrus and following AI. The subcutaneous administration of PMSG is preferable to intramuscular administration as it resulted in higher fertility rates and litter sizes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]