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Rutile stands as a classical mineral within U‐Pb geochronology, offering insights into both magmatic and metamorphic events, and contributing to the understanding of provenance of detrital sedimentary rocks. Addressing the paucity of high‐quality Archaean rutile reference materials suitable for microbeam U‐Pb dating, we present a natural rutile (RKV01) sourced from the Kaap Valley pluton, South Africa, positing it as a potential Archaean reference material. Major element determination was executed via electron probe microanalysis, while trace element determination was conducted using laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS). The determination of U‐Pb ages involved the application of isotope dilution‐thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (ID‐TIMS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and LA‐ICP‐MS. The ID‐TIMS mean 207Pb/206Pb age is 3225.61 ± 0.64 Ma (2s, MSWD = 0.83), interpreted as the best estimate for the crystallisation age. The relatively high U mass fraction (~ 83 μg g‐1), extremely low Th mass fraction (~ 0.003 μg g‐1), negligible common Pb and isotopically homogeneous compositions collectively facilitated precise 207Pb/206Pb age determination via microbeam methods. Both LA‐ICP‐MS and SIMS 207Pb/206Pb ages are characterised by reproducibility and were consistent with the ID‐TIMS age within 2s analytical uncertainty. The results underscore the potential of RKV01 rutile as an Archaean reference material for microbeam U‐Pb dating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Explores how big data analytics (BDA) supports sustainable supply chain outcomes. • Dynamic capabilities used as a theoretical foundation. • Survey of mining executives in South Africa. • Innovativeness & BDA based green product development drives sustainability. Operations management is a core organizational function involved in the management of activities to produce and deliver products and services. Appropriate operations decisions rely on assessing and using information; a task made more challenging in the Big Data era. Effective management of data (big data analytics; BDA), along with staff capabilities (the talent capability in the use of big data) support firms to leverage big data analytics and organizational learning in support of sustainable supply chain management outcomes. The current study uses dynamic capability theory as a foundation for evaluating the role of BDA capability as an operational excellence approach in improving sustainable supply chain performance. We surveyed mining executives in the emerging economy of South Africa and received 520 valid responses (47% response rate). We used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data. The findings show that big data analytics management capabilities have a strong and significant effect on innovative green product development and sustainable supply chain outcomes. Big data analytics talent capabilities have a weaker but still significant effect on employee development and sustainable supply chain outcomes. Innovation and learning performance affect sustainable supply chain performance, and supply chain innovativeness has an important moderating role. A contribution of the study is identifying two pathways that managers can use to improve sustainable supply chain outcomes in the mining industry, based on big data analytics capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The 3.2 Ga magmatism and metamorphism occurred widely in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton. • The rocks of AGC were metamorphosed to upper amphibolite facies, and locally reaching UHT granulite facies (>900 °C) at 3.2 Ga. • Extensive magmatism and metamorphism at ca. 3.2 Ga in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton is interpreted as the results of partial convective overturn of the crust. The timing of the emergence of modern-style plate tectonics on Earth is of fundamental importance in understanding the thermal and compositional history of the planet. Although the magmatism and metamorphism in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton was thought by some as geological records for mid-Archean subduction at 3.2 Ga, their petrogenesis was fiercely debated. To reveal the nature of the 3.2 Ga magmatism and metamorphism in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton, here we provide a comprehensive zircon and monazite U-Pb geochronological investigation, coupled with in situ trace element and Hf-O isotopic analyses, for the magmatic and metamorphic rocks from the Barberton granitoid-greenstone terrane in South Africa and Ancient Gneiss Complex in Swaziland. In spite of deriving from potentially different sources as revealed by different lithology, nine magmatic rocks sampled from different plutons have consistent zircon/monazite SIMS 207Pb/206Pb ages of 3240–3220 Ma. Distinct zircon grains, including inherited magmatic and metamorphic, are identified in the metamorphic rocks by detailed CL images and U-Pb geochronological, trace elemental and Hf-O isotopic analyses. The metamorphic zircons give consistent 207Pb/206Pb ages of 3240–3220 Ma. One granitic gneiss and a metapelite give monazite SIMS 207Pb/206Pb dates of 3230.6 ± 2.7 Ma and 3223.1 ± 2.4 Ma, respectively, which are consistent with the results of metamorphic zircon and interpreted as the age of metamorphism. Most metamorphic samples give Ti-in-zircon temperatures of 650–740 °C and one sample yields Y-in-monazite temperatures of 918–966 °C, which imply that the rocks of AGC were universally metamorphosed to upper amphibolite facies, and locally reaching high to ultrahigh temperature (HT-UHT) granulite facies (>900 °C) at 3240–3220 Ma. This study, in combination with previous results, suggests widespread distribution for the 3.2 Ga magmatism and metamorphism in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton without asymmetry in the thermal structure, which is quite different from those of the modern subduction zones. The synchronous occurrence of the metamorphism and magmatism in the eastern Kaapvaal Craton at 3.2 Ga was interpreted as the results of partial convective overturn of the crust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]