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Eye Movement Integration (EMI) is a neurobiological therapeutic technique that aims to reduce trauma symptoms by utilizing specific eye movements. This article contributes to the understanding of EMI by determining its utility with a diverse sample of 12 traumatized children, aged 5-7 years, in South Africa. The study is a replication of a previous study on the use of EMI with adolescents by Struwig and van Breda, but with a sample of much younger children. A one-group, pre-test-post-test, mixed methods, exploratory design was used to explore the reduction in trauma symptoms following a single session of EMI and to identify important clinical considerations in utilizing EMI with young children. The results indicate a significant reduction in all but one of the symptoms of post-traumatic stress, as measured by the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children (TSCYC) and triangulated with qualitative feedback from caregivers. Clinical considerations emerged regarding the management of the concentration span of small children, their somatic experiences and dissociation and strong emotional reactions. The authors conclude that EMI may be a useful brief therapeutic intervention for young children in resource-constrained settings.

This study assessed the potential drivers of household food wastage in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. A total of 210 participants were interviewed face-to-face using structured questionnaire. The acquired data were captured in Microsoft Excel, and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test and SAS statistical software. The main reasons for household food wastage were identified as buying in excess, preparation of more food than would be consumed, poor storage, poor purchase planning and falling for special offers. The study found that there is a need for household awareness or education on food waste and better food management.