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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to present the possibilities of implementing mobile virtual reality (VR) in school geography and to examine its benefits and risks. A total of 163 students from various elementary schools in Slovakia participated in this study. We used qualitative and quantitative data analysis from students’ feedback and observations of the VR activities. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory questionnaire and researcher observation sheet were used as research tools. The study showed that the implementation of mobile VR is possible in the environment of Slovak schools and has positive effects on several areas of students’ internal motivation. The best results were achieved in the areas of interest/pleasure, understanding of the activity, and perception of the value and usefulness of the activity. We also found that the gender or age of the students in our research sample did not have a significant impact on students’ internal motivation when working with VR. Our work not only provides evidence to support the wider adoption of mobile VR in education but also clarifies several possibilities for its implementation in school geography. In conclusion, we identify the most significant benefits and risks of using mobile virtual reality in geography education. The results of testing mobile VR show the great usefulness of this technology, which serves as a motivational tool for 3D visualization of various locations and phenomena on Earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ján Bosák’s passing away before reaching of his 80th birthday has given an impulse for a reflection on the ways of addressing people in Slovak, with special regard to vocative and non-vocative forms of the name Ján [Slovak equivalent of John]. The attention is partially also given to comparison with Czech – in contrast to standard Slovak where vocative forms have declined similarly as in the dialects of Central Slovakia, the vocative forms in standard Czech are still alive. Besides the use of nominative hypocoristic/diminutive forms Jano, Janko, Janík, Janíčko as common ways of addressing people, the study also mentions the use of a compound addressing with possessive pronoun in post-position (Jano môj, Janko/Janík/Janíčko môj) which represents a specific substitute for the vocative forms in Slovak. In addition, the study deals with the vitality of vocative case in Slovak dialects and in common communication. It also offers a few probes into “textual life” of the historic vocative form Jane, especially in ethnoculturally rare Slovak midsummer songs (e.g. Jane, Jane, Vajane) and in the spiritual poetry of Ján Hollý. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ceská a Slovenská Psychiatrie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the author's knowledge, Ľudovít Štúr had been preparing for his codification step comprehensively and for a long time. Štúr had explained his reasons for establishing the standard Slovak language on the basis of the dialect spoken in central Slovakia in his work Nárečja slovenskuo alebo potreba písaňja v tomto nárečí (1846). By the establisment of the nationwide standard language he had pursued also a significant social goal - to overcome the then linguistic division of the Slovak nation conditioned by the different religious affiliation of the adherents of then used literary languages; achieving this goal had been considered by him in the above mentioned work necessary. In Štúr's codification also his deep humanistic conviction has been manifested in which he had surpassed his political competitors as well as foreign political and spiritual leaders. With his efforts Ľudovít Štúr had stood not only at the beginning of ecumenical cooperation of the Slovaks but he had significantly shaped it as well and so he had clearly influenced the activities of the Slovak nation-wide cultural association Tatrín and also Matica slovenská as its immediate successor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analyses and evaluation of the hoard of five iron sickles with bent projection on the base, discovered in Letanovce in Spiš region. In Slovakia it is the sixth known site with the ocurrence of this type of artefact. The main territory of distribution of named type of sickles, dated to the Early Iron Age, is the area north and northwest to the Carpathian arc. Symbolic meaning of the Hallstatt Period iron sickles, found on different types of sites, is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social & Cultural Studies / Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social & Cultural Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Slavica Slovaca is the property of Slavisticky Ustav Jana Stanislava SAV and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Museologica Brunensia is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The work describes the evolution of cultural and social conditions in the Slovak territory, respectively, in Upper Hungary, in the possible establishment of a public institution collecting exclusively artistic material. The example of the development of art associations and local museums offers a view of this situation through particular historical periods, more precisely from the middle of the nineteenth century to the gallery's founding in 1948. However, the purpose of the work is not only to outline the social discourse on the possibility of establishing a regional gallery or a public art museum. In addition to concrete examples and evidence of this debate, the work also offers insight into the political orientation of individual institutions that could have been potential players during this development. The work points to a complicated tangle of individual opinions, values and beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article outlines the profile of editorial work of Jozef Felix (1913 - 1977) and aims at grasping his conceptual contribution to research in Slovak textual studies and his influence on editorial practice in the 1950s when Slovak culture paid great attention to the publishing of literary heritage. The author takes into consideration the fact that J. Felix formed his vision of textual studies' strategies and aims of the discipline and editorial practice under the conditions and restrictions of the period (and in confrontation with these). The article identifies basic features of Felix's editorial approach that - since he was an editor of the section for Slovak and Czech literature at the Slovak Publishing House of Belles-Lettres - shaped the development of editorial practice in Slovakia. Drawing on Felix's key essays on the topic, especially on his O vydávaní klasikov ([Publishing the classics], 1953), Poznámky k vydávaniu Spisov Jána Kalinèiaka ([Notes on publishing Ján Kalinèiak's oeuvre], 1954), and the interview Preklada? diela našich klasikov do dnešnej slovenèiny? ([Should we translate the work of our classics into contemporary Slovak?] 1957), the article scrutinises his initiatory activities regarding the conceptual consolidation of textological principles, the contradictory issues pertaining to these, and the positive and negative impact these had on subsequent editorial projects. In this way, the paper contributes towards the knowledge of the history of Slovak textual studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The meteoric rise of Prime Minister Igor Matovič, the leader of the anti‐corruption movement Ordinary People and Independent Personalities/Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti (OĽaNO), which won over a third of parliamentary seats in the 2020 elections, ended abruptly in March 2021. He was forced to resign to save the governing coalition, agreeing to switch positions with Finance Minister Eduard Heger. Matovič, whose improvisational style of politics became intolerable for the coalition partners (and most of the public), fell victim to his decision to purchase the Sputnik Covid‐19 vaccine from Russia, which undermined the European Union's vaccination strategy and raised concerns about Slovakia's foreign policy direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For 160 years, the literary education at secondary Slovak schools has reflected the Cyril-Methodian traditions in textbooks and extracts from preserved literary documents. This article describes how the work of Constantine-Cyril and Methodius has been reflected in school documents, particularly in textbooks by Emil Černý, since the first gymnasia were established in Slovakia in the so called Matica period (the second half of the 19th century). Rote learning of textbook facts about Cyril and Methodius caused students to be passive and not to show any interest in reading extracts from original literary works originated in the Great Moravian Empire. The current secondary education needs to overcome this schematic attitude towards the studies of the old Slovak literature, particularly its beginnings, because the values created by our ancestors are part of our heritage and present. For 160 years, the literary education at secondary Slovak schools has reflected the Cyril-Methodian traditions in textbooks and extracts from preserved literary documents. This article describes how the work of Constantine-Cyril and Methodius has been reflected in school documents, particularly in textbooks by Emil Černý, since the first gymnasia were established in Slovakia in the so called Matica period (the second half of the 19th century). After the Czechoslovak Republic was established in 1918, the Cyril-Methodian tradition was closely linked with the official ideology of the first republic - the ideology of Czechoslovakism. At that time, literature textbooks and readers brought only very brief information about the missionary work of Cyril and Methodius. Textbooks published during the first Slovak Republic (1939 1945) provide more in-depth information regarding the work of the Thessalonian brothers. Readers published in this period include extracts from the literary heritage preserved from the Great Moravian Empire, as well as samples from research conducted after World War I. Under the new social-political conditions (1948 - 1989), when the Marxist-Leninist ideology and atheism were imposed by the government, students gained only basic information on the mission of Cyril and Methodius which was being interpreted according to the requirements of the ideology. As to the literary documents, only some of them were made available for students, particularly extracts from Moravian-Pannonian legends of from Proglas. Students only learned some facts about the missionaries which were then interpreted schematically, without the deep understanding of concrete literary documents. Rote learning of textbook facts about Cyril and Methodius caused students to be passive and not to show any interest in reading extracts from original literary works originated in the Great Moravian Empire. The current secondary education needs to overcome this schematic attitude towards the studies of the old Slovak literature, particularly its beginnings, because the values created by our ancestors are part of our heritage and present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief overview clearly shows that the image and position of Svatopluk in Slovak historiography is not at all ordinary or one-dimensional. Therefore, there is no point in trying to simplify and reduce it to the mere "ľudácky" or "nationalistic" concept from WWII Slovakia, or to one equestrian statue at Bratislava castle. This article aims to outline the rather obvious direct proportion between the national-emancipatory and state ambitions of Slovaks and the number of historical re-examinations and updates of Svatopluk's interpretation. But more than that, it aims to highlight the universalistic character of Svatopluk. It definitely does not intend to question the internal coherence of the tradition of Slovaks as "the people of Svatopluk" Cosma of Prague writes metaphorically about in the first part of The Nitra Legend of Svatopluk known as Sicut vulgo dicitur, i.e. "As it is commonly said" at the beginning of the 12th century. After all, this legend clearly has Svatopluk not dying, but "disappearing amid his [Nitrian] folk." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents fundamental theoretical and methodological information on individual sacral tourism as a suitable type of tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual (virtual) tourism on the example of the Koscelisko locality in Radoľa municipality (northwestern part of Slovakia) in the area of the extinct medieval sacral landscape, thanks to modern technologies, represents a relatively modern segment of the alternative - modern types of tourism. In the first step, a bibliometric method combined with content analysis of literary and archival sources was used to process the study. It was followed by a comprehensive method of historical-geographical research and field research, which generate a database of information to create a 3D model of the defunct church Koscelisko. The outputs processed in this way are available online to potential tourists via smartphones on the platform called Multimedia Guide to Geotourism (https://www.montanistika.eu). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collecting activities were an important cultural and social phenomenon in 19th century Europe. Women also participated in these activities, although in many cultures their role and the results of their collecting work have not yet been adequately evaluated. Taking the example of Slovakia, it is possible to highlight the contribution of women in collecting folk songs, while encompassing those features which are specific to the regional circumstances. Women took part in all important collecting projects of the 19th century in Slovakia. Reconstruction of their socio-cultural background highlighted the fact that at the inception of these projects women of the aristocracy and gentry were active collectors. The majority of female collectors came from families of the Slovak intelligentsia, who belonged to the middle class. By the end of the 19thcentury many such families had become part of the contemporary elite of Slovak society. We focus on two research questions: 1, how did the gender category of the collector condition the record of song material (an aspect of the collection concept); and 2, what contribution did women’s collecting activities make to the study of traditional song culture (an aspect of the collected material). A definition of women’s concept of collecting, with primary orientation on song lyrics, was deduced from the 19th century preference for the national language and the role of Slovak women in its diffusion in private as well as public life, and from analysis of the genre structure of the collected material. The romantic concept of collecting in Slovakia is compared with an early concept of documentation at the beginning of the 20thcentury which derived from abroad, although some of its elements were beginning to take effect also in domestic collecting activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analyses and evaluation of the hoard of five iron sickles with bent projection on the base, discovered in Letanovce in Spiš region. In Slovakia it is the sixth known site with the ocurrence of this type of artefact. The main territory of distribution of named type of sickles, dated to the Early Iron Age, is the area north and northwest to the Carpathian arc. Symbolic meaning of the Hallstatt Period iron sickles, found on different types of sites, is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the most important developments in Dutch Studies in Slovakia after de accreditation of the study program in the 1990s. It focuses on the important personalities who contributed to the founding of the department and shaped its international standing and scientific focus. The paper also maps didactic and scientific activities, international projects, and cooperation of the department with key partners in Slovakia and abroad. It concludes by outlining the perspective of the development of Dutch Studies in Slovakia in the context of the current criteria for the accreditation of small languages and the status of Dutch in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The magazine Hlas, published between the years 1898 and 1904, had a significant impact on the political, social and cultural context at that time. Thinking in Slovakia in the 20th century was formed in relation to the magazine and its legacy on several levels. The goal of the paper is to carry out a survey of the reflections on the Hlasist movement, consciously constrained to the field of literature and literary science, although occasionally making inevitable references to a wider context of social science. The sources and texts analysed here are divided into four areas based on the time of creation, author's position, text strategy assuming a target group, genre and interpretation range. The aim of the analysis is not a review of the stereotypes used to interpret the Hlasist movement so far but an attempt at new reading based on the latest methodologies. New reading of the texts indicates the literary historical process of creating the image of the Hlasist movement. It also defines the nature of the tools used by individual authors to create the given image (e.g. legitimization, canonization, ideological interpretation, subversion of the traditional interpretation etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Constantine's Letters / Konštantínove Listy is the property of Institute for Research of Constantine & Methodius's Cultural Heritage and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subject of this research was influence of the environmental parameters, like temperature, humidity and pollutants, on the corrosion rate of the zinc protective coating of the steel structural elements. Zinc is usually used to protect those elements against corrosion. The idea was to study the corrosion of zinc in different parts of Slovak Republic in order to create the so-called corrosion map of the country. The corrosion rate of zinc rcorr was calculated according to standard ISO 9223. Results have shown that both the input parameters, as well as the corrosion rate of zinc, are changing with time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores evolution of national element in selected Slavic cultures - Russian, Polish, Czech - in their history with particular emphasis on the 19th century, and in Slovak case from the 19th to the first half of the 20 th century. It outlines common features of national emancipation movements among the above nations, as well as their differences. Particular focus is given to the effect of the quest for national emancipation on the development of national operas in the given countries. The authors examine the features that might, in the given context, define the operatic production as national. Given its utterly specific evolution, Slovakia receives particular attention: socio-political circumstances delayed national emancipation, hence the tardy emergence of national opera. That brought thought-provoking aspects to the nascent Slovak national opera and European music drama production of the first half of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on tracking the idyllic topoi in historiosophical work by Jozef Miloslav Hurban Slovensko a jeho život literárny/Slovakia and its Literary Life, in which Slovak literary science emphasized the idea of continuity of the development of Slovak culture and literature. The deconstruction of the idyllic topoi shows that it is the idyll that is the important part of the ideological construction of Hurban´s work. The idyllic topoi in connection with mystification of the past enabled him to create the idea of continuity between the present times and the Great Moravian cultural legacy. The idyllic codes can be found in Hurban´s depiction of the Slovak territory, Slovak nation, and its cultural evolution. The ethic and esthetic values of the idyll became the base of Slovaks´ created collective identity. The idyllic language is part of the Romantic national myths, especially the myth of folksiness, the Great Moravian myth and the myth of the thousand-year-long yoke. Hurban´s idea of continuity of national culture, the connection between the „cradle of Slavs“ and the writer´s present times, and especially the utopia of Slavic future in the form of „Slavic heaven“ is based on idyllic topoi and Slovak Romantic myths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the analysis of wartime Slovak political parties' views on Slovakia’s status after the World War II. The paper is divided into two main blocks. The first one deals with the shy plans of the Hlinka’s Slovak People’s representatives to maintain Slovak independence on a post-war map. Second one clarifies changing attitudes of resistance and its dialogues with the London and Moscow exile concerning the question of Slovak statehood in the context of expected Czechoslovakia’s rebirth after fall of the Nazi rule and in the very first months of 1945. The authors analyse complicated “behind-curtain” debates, the nature of discourse regarding the face of post-war Slovakia and Slovak question as a serious problem between the Slovak political opposition, Beneš' exile government in London and communist exile in Moscow that shaped Czechoslovak internal policy even after liberation in May 1945. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses how the Catholic Union of Slovak Women used its journal "Nová žena" [The New Woman] to engage in public debates and promote its specific agendas in a political environment where unconditional consent was expected: wartime Slovakia. The response of the editorial board of "Nová žena" to governmental policies varied in their intentions, content and final outcome, but all shared an identical target group: middle-class women and their families. The journal’s response to four regime campaigns are discussed in this article: the exclusion of married women from employment in classrooms and offices; the restrictions on girls’ education; the centralization of women’s public and social activities; and the obligation imposed on middle-class families to employ maids. The article focuses on the period from 1938 to 1940, when the strongest clashes between the Catholic Union of Slovak Women and the regime took place. Initially, the Catholic Union of Slovak Women responded positively to the Slovak regime, due to a strong overlap in confessional, national, social and, to a certain extent, political preferences. Elements of ambivalence, however, were constantly present and occasionally grew into open rejection of particular government positions. This article asks to what extent, and with what results, the journal sought to articulate and defend the interests of its core readership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]