1. Glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen 2 antibody profiles in people with adult-onset diabetes mellitus: a comparison between mixed ethnic populations in Singapore and Germany.
- Author
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Ong, Y. H., Koh, W. C. A., Ng, M. L., Tam, Z. Y., Lim, S. C., Boehm, B. O., Blagieva, R., Boehm, J., Brückel, J., Claudi‐Boehm, S., Haak, T., Haenle, M., Höpfer, S., Jütting, G., Kleger, A., Kratzer, W., Kurkhaus, A., Lippmann‐Grob, B., Manfras, B., and Merger, S.
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of diabetes ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ANTIGENS ,ASIANS ,AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ENZYMES ,ETHNIC groups ,GLUTAMIC acid ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,ISLANDS of Langerhans ,MEDICAL protocols ,RESEARCH funding ,T-test (Statistics) ,WHITE people ,DISEASE prevalence ,HUMAN research subjects ,CROSS-sectional method ,PATIENT selection ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SUDDEN onset of disease ,TERTIARY care - Abstract
Aim To gain insight into the presence of islet cell autoimmunity in an ethnic Asian compared with a white European population. Methods For this cross-sectional study we recruited people with adult-onset diabetes (age of diagnosis 20-60 years), at tertiary referral centres in Germany ( n=1020) and Singapore ( n=1088). Glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen 2 antibodies were measured according to Islet Autoantibody Standardization Program protocols. Results The prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity was 13.9% (95% CI 12.1-16.0; P<0.001) in the white European cohort compared with 6.8% (95% CI 5.5-8.4; P<0.001) in the Asian cohort. Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity was 11.4% (95% CI 7.7-16.6) in Indian, 6.0% (95% CI 3.6-9.9) in Malay and 5.8% (95% CI 4.3-7.7; P<0.001) in Chinese participants. In the white European participants, the prevalence of islet antigen 2 antibody positivity was 7.8% (95% CI 6.4-9.4) compared with 14.8% (95% CI 12.8-17.0; P<0.001) in the Asian cohort as a whole, and among the three ethnicities in the Asian cohort it was 12.4% (95% CI 8.6-17.7) in Indian, 16.8% (95% CI 12.6-22.2) in Malay and 15.7% (95% CI 13.2-18.6) in Chinese participants. Double antibody positivity was seen in 5.7% (95% CI 4.5-7.1) of white European participants compared with 1.6% (95% CI 1.0-2.5; P<0.01) of Asian participants. In the white European cohort, those who were glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody-positive had a lower BMI than those who were autoantibody-negative, but this trend was absent in the Asian cohort. Conclusions A marked prevalence of islet cell autoimmunity was observed in people with adult-onset diabetes. While glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were more frequent in the European cohort, islet antigen 2 antibody positivity was highest in the three ethnic groups in Singapore, suggesting ethnic-specific differences in antibody profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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