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Genetic variability is a prerequisite for any effective breeding program. Surhan-2012 (R00-125/14) is the mutant line that developed through mutation breeding (Gamma radiation) from Rainbow parent. Initially, the promising mutant line was selected from mutant population and advanced homozygous mutant progenies during 2004-05 for yield evaluation in zonal varietal trials and the national uniform rapeseed yield trials (NURYT). The resultant variety exhibited the highest seed yield (2826 kg ha-1) in NURYT compared to other contesting advanced genotypes during 2008-09. Surhan-2012 was performed better for seed yield (1460.8 kg ha-1) as compared to parent genotype (800kg/ha seed yield) in advanced station yield trials. Surhan-2012 produced higher seed yield (1818kg/ha) than local check varieties (1457 kgha-1) in NURYT during 2007-08 and similar trend was observed during 2008-09. The oil quality of Surhan-2012 was also determined. The mutated variety showed 9.7% increase in its oil content and novel fatty acid profile which was comparatively higher than the commercial check variety. It was also tolerant against insect pest and diseases including Alternaria blight, powdery mildew, downy mildew and white rust. The agronomic study suggested that this mutant stain (R00-125/14) best fits in the existing cropping system and agronomic package of technology. Surhan-2012 is a first canola mutant variety developed through the induced mutagenesis (gamma irradiations), released for general cultivation practices in the province of Sindh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Induced mutations play paramount role in manipulating the genetic structure of the plants as an indispensable tool for crop improvement. This field study was initiated to evaluate three potential mutant lines of lentil against their parent (M-85) and two check varieties (NIA-Masoor-05 and NIA-Masoor-16). The pooled data of the crop, after two years of evaluation, indicated the earliest maturity in the mutant AEL-40/30 (92.0 days). Plant height was observed to be low in all the studied mutant lines (AEL-40/30, AEL-13/30 and AEL-12/30) against the parent and the control varieties. Important yield contributing traits like number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 1000 seed weight were also seen to be highest in the mutant AEL-40/30 (3.95, 1.91 and 29.11 (g), respectively). Moreover, the same genotype showed an extraordinarily high yield of 1765.1 kg ha-1. The other two mutant lines viz. AEL-13/30 and AEL-12/30 produced seed yield of 1628.4 and 1561.9 kg ha-1, respectively. Yield of the check varieties as well as the parent was substantially lower than the evaluated mutants; lowest seed yield was produced by M-85 (1113.5 kg ha-1). Hence, selected mutants indicated improvement in earliness in flowering, maturity, yield and yield contributing traits. Correlation analysis of the agronomic parameters implied that number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 1000 seed weight had highly significant correlation with the seed yield of the lentil. It was concluded that the mutants AEL-40/30 and AEL-12/30 have very high yield potential, and these genotypes can be further evaluated for zonal performance in the Sindh province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]