Search

Based on the main characteristics and basic information (sensory threshold, aroma description, odor specific magnitude estimation, odor activity value, etc.) of volatile compounds in Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu (CSFB), the important aroma compounds, the description of aroma sensory and its related volatile compounds, as well as the regional characteristics of volatile compounds in CSFB were reviewed. The main characteristics of trace components in CSFB were their low content, wide variety, wide range of sensory threshold value, diverse aroma senses and the complexity of interaction among them. The sensory threshold and aroma contribution of 115 volatile compounds in CSFB were described, and 38 important aroma compounds were concluded, which were mainly assigned into the compounds of acids, esters, aromatic and alcohol. The composition and content of volatile compounds are significantly related to the regional characteristics and aroma senses of CSFB. For example, the compounds assigned into pyrazine are the material basis of roasting aroma in CSFB, and 22 compounds including ethyl acetate, 2,3,5-three methyl pyrazine, 2-Pentanone, etc., were characteristic compounds for distinguishing the CSFB respectively produced from Sichuan and Jianghuai regions. In view of the shortcomings of the sensory evaluation and the construction of flavor wheel of CSFB, it was pointed out that the future research on the system of terminology standard for liquor sensory description, the correlation between aroma sensory characteristics and volatile compounds, and the interaction between trace components of CSFB should be further studied, which aimed to promote research on selecting the key flavor components of liquor, controlling of off-flavor substances, establishing systematic sensory evaluation methods and forming the ecological brewing concept, laying the foundation for the high-quality development of the Baijiu industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbonate petroliferous basins usually develop fault-reservoir composite migration pathway systems. Accurate estimates of transport efficiency are important for locating oil and gas prospects, which is of considerable interest to oil explorers. The Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the Moxi–Gaoshiti area in the Sichuan Basin, the largest single monoblock gas accumulation in China with complicated migration pathway systems, was selected as an example to demonstrate the method. Using a combination of geologic, statistical, experimental data analyses, and quantitative characterization, a quantitative method for calculating the fault-reservoir composite transport efficiency is established for the first time. The results show that fault-reservoir composite migration pathway systems control the hydrocarbon accumulation. The analysis of data from 17 drilling wells using this method indicated a strong correlation between well productivity and composite transport efficiency, and the matching degree of actual and predicted results was as high as 83%. The best locations for oil and gas exploration are near areas with a high composite transport efficiency. Project planners can quickly find oil and gas prospects by matching calculated composite transport efficiencies to observed petroleum occurrences in a basin to avoid costly drilling mistakes. The method will have wide application in other carbonate basins around the world. • The fault-reservoir composite migration pathway controls hydrocarbon accumulation. • Quantitatively method for the composite transport efficiency is first established. • Composite transport efficiency is useful for location of oil and gas prospects. • Prospects for future drilling in the Moxi-Gaoshiti area of China are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]