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This study investigates the influence of the interannual variability of Indian Ocean tripole (IOT) on summertime cold extremes in Central Siberia. During positive IOT phases, two cross‐equatorial airflows are induced over the tropical eastern and western Indian Ocean. These strengthen ascending motion over the southern tropical Asia (80°–125°E, 15°–25°N), increasing precipitation in situ, as evidenced in observations and simulations by using Community Atmosphere Model. Serving as a heat source, the induced upper‐level Asian continent meridional teleconnection (ACMT) pattern transports the signals from southern tropical Asia into Central Siberia. Positive upper‐level geopotential height anomalies over Central Siberia induced by ACMT favor more solar radiation to reach the surface and raise local surface temperatures through modulating the tropospheric air expansion/compression, further reducing the extreme cold days. Consequently, the ACMT induced by latent heat fluxes associated with precipitation anomalies acts as an atmospheric bridge that links the IOT to Central Siberia cold extremes. Plain Language Summary: The variability of temperature extremes in Central Siberia can lead to the tremendous social and economic losses. Understanding what drives and controls extreme temperatures over central Siberia is therefore important. This study found that the Indian Ocean tripole (IOT) mode, a unique interannual variability, has an important influence on summertime cold extremes over Central Siberia. Based on observations and numerical simulations, we conclude that precipitation anomalies over the southern tropical Asia region are strengthened by two cross‐equatorial airflows over the tropical eastern and western Indian Ocean. An upper‐level teleconnection induced by the precipitation related to the IOT transports the signal from southern tropical Asia into Central Siberia, affecting local circulation. The perturbed upper‐level circulations over the Central Siberia thus decrease the local cold extreme days. Improving our understanding of extreme temperatures in Central Siberia may strengthen forest protection and reduce local socioeconomic losses. Key Points: Summertime cold extremes in Central Siberia are closely associated with the Indian Ocean tripole (IOT) patternAnomalous upper‐level geopotential height over Central Siberia inhibits local cold extremesAsian continent meridional teleconnection plays an atmospheric bridge between IOT and Central Siberia cold extremes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]