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Objectives: We developed and tested a mobile health-based programme to enhance integration of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) care and to promote a patient-centred approach in a region of high coinfection burden. Phases of programme development included planning, stakeholder interviews and platform re-build, testing and iteration., Setting: In Irkutsk, Siberia, HIV/TB coinfection prevalence is high relative to the rest of the Russian Federation., Participants: Pilot testing occurred for a cohort of 60 people with HIV and TB., Results: Key steps emerged to ensure the mobile health-based programme could be operational and adequately adapted for the context, including platform language adaptation, optimisation of server management, iteration of platform features, and organisational practice integration. Pilot testing of the platform rebuild yielded favourable patient perceptions of usability and acceptability at 6 months (n=47 surveyed), with 18 of 20 items showing scores above 4 (on a scale from 1 to 5) on average. Development of this mobile health-based programme for integrated care of infections highlighted the importance of several considerations for tailoring these interventions contextually, including language adaptation and technological capacity, but also, importantly, contextualised patient preferences related to privacy and communication with peers and/or providers, existing regional capacity for care coordination of different comorbidities, and infection severity and treatment requirements., Conclusions: Our experience demonstrated that integration of care for TB and HIV can be well served by using multimodal mobile health-based programmes, which can enhance communication and streamline workflow between providers across multiple collaborating institutions and improve continuity between inpatient and outpatient care settings. Further study of programme impact on contextual disease-related stigma and social isolation as well as evaluation of implementation on a broader scale for HIV care is currently under way., Trial Registration Number: NCT03819374., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Authors RD, ALW and JS provide consulting services to Warm Health Technology, an entity that supports dissemination of PositiveLinks. RD has also received an investigator-initiated grant from Gilead, which is unrelated to this study., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

In Irkutsk, Siberia, there is a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection. Mobile health (mHealth) strategies have shown promise for increasing linkage to and engagement in care for people living with HIV (PLWH) in other contexts. We evaluated outcomes for a cohort of PLWH, TB, and substance use in Irkutsk after participation in a multi-feature mHealth intervention called MOCT. Sixty patients were enrolled during hospitalization for TB. We evaluated participant app usage, linkage to HIV care postdischarge, perception of self-efficacy related to HIV care, and HIV-related clinical outcomes at 6 months. We also performed an exploratory analysis to compare a subset of 49 patients with a pre-intervention cohort matched for age and gender. Participants demonstrated engagement with app features examined at 6 months. The majority linked to HIV care by 6 months (83%). Self-scoring of confidence in ability to communicate with HIV providers improved from baseline (median score 8, scale 1-10) to 6 months (10, p  = 0.004). A higher proportion of the MOCT subset refilled antiretroviral therapy (69% vs. 43% in pre-intervention cohort, p  = 0.01), with fewer deaths in the MOCT subset at 6 months (1 death vs. 10 deaths in pre-intervention cohort, p  = 0.02) and a decreased likelihood of developing the composite outcome of death/failure to achieve viral suppression at 6 months (adjusted odds ratio = 0.33, p  = 0.029). This study demonstrates preliminary intervention uptake and improvement in short-term outcomes for an urban cohort of PLWH, TB, and substance use enrolled in a multi-feature mHealth intervention, a novel strategy for the context. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03819374.