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Farmer's Ecological culture is a social ideology, human spirit and social system guided by ecological values; in a broad sense, it is a new way of life for human beings, in which man and nature develop harmoniously. Ecological art design means that, in the process of environmental art design, designers take environmental protection and reducing pollution and waste as their design guiding principles, and take into account the fit between their design results and external nature to avoid excessive transformation and a sense of incongruity, and trying to make their works to achieve the effect of natural integration. This paper introduces the constituent elements and evaluation system of art design of rural environment, conducts the process analysis of art design of rural environment from the perspective of ecological culture, performs the ecological description and visual form analysis of art design of rural environment, proposes the realizing pathways for art design of rural environment from the perspective of ecological culture, expounds the expression methods and process modules of ecological art design of rural environment, and finally takes a village in Yuci District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, Central China as an example, to carry out a case application and its result analysis. The research results show that the art design of rural environment based on the principle of ecological culture can clarify the specific requirements of landscape optimization, arrange the natural balance and social development needs in the configuration of geographical space, and form a landscape network system that maintains the overall natural environment. This in turn expands the concept of rural landscape and environment to a wider field, integrating natural resource protection, rural land use and landscape planning in the entire region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]