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Purpose: Few studies on hospitality firm survival consider the impact of online media exposure. This paper aims to investigate how the online news coverage of restaurants, characterized in terms of the number of articles, channel (Web page or mobile app), topic (operations or products) and consistency (mix of news tones), influences their survival. Design/methodology/approach: A yearly panel data set covering 682 news-reported restaurants in Shanghai, China, over the period 2011–2019 is analyzed using a Cox model, and an extended cross-sectional data set containing 9,488 restaurants is used for robustness checks. Findings: A larger number of online news articles, regardless of channel or topic, significantly improves restaurants' chances of survival, and this positive impact of online exposure is greater if that news is published by mobile apps (rather than on Web pages) or reports topics related to operations (rather than products). Although, generally, news inconsistency is not good for restaurant survival, when the number of online news items is eight or more, inconsistency becomes good for survival. Practical implications: This research guides restaurant operators to use news exposure in an online marketing environment to increase the firm's chances of long-term survival. Originality/value: Online media exposure has hitherto been ignored in the literature on the survival of hospitality firms. This paper provides a new perspective on hospitality firm survival and also contributes to the literature on media exposure by conceptualizing a unique factor, namely, the consistent online exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the trophic movement and trophic magnification factor (TMF) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is an important criterion to assess their fate and potential effects in an aquatic ecosystem. This study investigated concentrations and trophodynamics of 16 priority PAHs in food web wb (food web comprising whole bodies) and food web m (food web containing only muscles) of total 14 species ((including plankton, shrimp, whitebait, mussels, snails, red-eared terrapin and seven other fish species) from the Dianshan Lake. Values of δ 13C and δ 15N were determined to assign trophic levels to organisms. In general, there was no evidence of biomagnification because of biological degradation of PAHs compounds, but only 9 PAH compounds in food web m showed a statistically significant negative relationship between trophic level and lipid normalized concentration compared to the 6 PAHs congeners in food web wb. However, TMF values of PAHs in food web m ranged from 0.32 for pyrene to 0.68 for phenanthrene compared to TMF values of food web wb ranged from 0.34 for pyrene to 0.74 for fluorene. Because of two opposing scientific views for biomagnification and biodilution of PAHs in the food web, albeit based on a rather limited number of studies, our study investigated that there is parabolic behavior of most of the PAHs. Concentrations of PAHs in the red-eared terrapin (Trachemys scripta elegans) were biodiluted which showed that this species metabolises such compounds. There was no particular relationship between K ow and TMFs of PAHs in the Dianshan Lake. Hepatobiliary system (such as gall bladder and liver) in the whole body considered to have higher bioaccumulation potential of organic compounds than extrahepatic tissue (muscles). Image 1 • Only muscles samples can lead to variable results in biomagnification. • Whole bodies of fishes have different trophodynamics than only muscles of fishes. • There is a parabolic trend and trophic dilution of the PAHs in food web. • Red-eared terrapin's liver has higher PAH concentration than muscles and shell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dianshan Lake (DSL) as an important water source protection area in Shanghai is facing serious water quality deterioration. A detailed investigation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the multiphase system of DSL is very important for understanding their occurrence, sources, partition, and health risks. Total 11 sampling sites were selected including 3 inflowing rivers, 6 lake body sites, and 2 outflowing rivers. Total OCPs (Σ 20 OCPs) showed the highest concentration in water dissolved phase with a range of 47.8–143 ng/L. Total PAHs (Σ 16 PAHs) were the dominant compounds for suspended particle matter (SPM) and sediment phase, with a range of 2805–4130 and 206–4262 ng/g, respectively. The nonparametric test revealed the significantly higher concentrations of Σ 16 PAHs in sediment, Σ 18 PCBs in SPM, and Σ 20 OCPs in dissolved water from inflowing rivers than lake body (p < 0.05), indicating the strong effect of riverine pollution input. The different seasonal distribution between Σ 16 PAHs with Σ 18 PCBs/Σ 20 OCPs in SPM phase of lake body was closely attributed to their source disparities and the changes of rainfall and hydrodynamic conditions. Homologue compositions and isomer ratios analysis showed in DSL watershed PAHs were mainly derived from pyrogenic sources, PCBs from the leakage of capacitor equipment, sewage drainage of industries, and exfoliation of ship paints, and DDT from historical and recent application. The bioaccumulations of POPs in six fish species (n = 20) of DSL had high detection frequencies and a descending concentration order: Σ 16 PAHs (353 ± 106 ng/g) > Σ 20 OCPs (67.4 ± 27.0 ng/g) > Σ 18 PCBs (32.0 ± 13.7 ng/g), with obvious species-specific characteristics. The partitioning behaviors of PAH congeners in the water-SPM-sediment-fish system of DSL were greatly influenced by log K ow values. However, the feeding habits (e.g., sediment-feeding behavior) of fish species played a predominant role in the bioaccumulation of PCB and OCP congeners compared to two-phase partition. Health risk assessments of POPs in dissolved water and fish samples revealed that only Σ 16 PAHs in dissolved phase have potential carcinogenic risk. Image 1 • SPOPs in the multiphase system of urban lake in Shanghai were investigated. • Riverine input made a key contribution to SPOP contaminations in urban lake. • Partition of PAHs in multiphase system was closely impacted by their log K ow values. • Carcinogenic risk of Σ 16 PAHs in lake water should be paid more attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Admission rates have increased in China, despite the fact that accessibility to primary care is improving. Hospital care could be cost-inefficient, and little is currently known about the appropriateness of admissions to tertiary hospitals in China. This study aims to measure the extent of inappropriate admissions in the cardiology and orthopedics departments of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, to explore the factors associated with inappropriateness for each department, and to identify the causes of inappropriate admissions. Methods: The records of inpatients discharged on randomly sampled two days each week during March 2013 to February 2014 from the two departments were extracted. Two reviewers were recruited to assess the records according to the Chinese version of the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (C-AEP). Demographic, socio-economic, and other admissions-related variables were collected. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to determine the associated factors of inappropriateness. Results: 35.0% (N = 120) of the 343 admissions and 38.7% (N = 179) of the 463 admissions of the cardiology and orthopedics departments were not justified by the C-AEP, respectively. Age (OR = 0.717), self-pay (OR = 3.752), admission via outpatient sector (OR = 5.332), and readmission (OR = 2.501) were identified as factors affecting the appropriateness of admissions in the cardiology department. Age (OR = 0.930), self-pay (OR = 2.597), admission during 12:00–17:59 (OR = 3.211), and admission via outpatient sector (OR = 7.060) were determined to be associated with appropriateness of admission in the orthopedics department. The main reason for inappropriateness was premature admission for both departments. Conclusions: The magnitude of inappropriate admissions was considerable in the departments. To improve appropriateness, the results suggest that further interventions should be focused on both external and internal factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of inappropriate hospital stays in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, identify the causes for the inappropriateness and analyze the predictors.Design: A retrospective review of medical records.Setting: The cardiology and the orthopedics departments of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China.Participants: About 806 patients discharged from the cardiology or the orthopedics department of a tertiary hospital from March 2013 to February 2014.Interventions: Two reviewers audited 8396 hospital days of the cardiology department (n = 3606) and the orthopedics department (n = 4790) by adopting the Chinese Version of the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol. Univariate and multivariate analysis were adopted to identify the predictors of higher levels of inappropriateness produced by internal causes.Main Outcome Measure: The prevalence of inappropriate hospital days.Results: It was found that 910 (25.2%) and 1940 (40.5%) hospital days were judged to be inappropriate in the cardiology and the orthopedics departments, respectively; and 753 (20.9%) and 1585 (33.1%) of these inappropriate hospital days were due to internal reasons, respectively. Awaiting tests, surgery or discharge were determined to constitute the main causes of inappropriateness for both departments. The predictors of higher levels of inappropriateness in the cardiology department were younger age, self-pay, outpatient admission and inappropriate admission. Self-pay, surgical and/or first-time admission patients exhibited the highest levels of inappropriateness in the orthopedics department.Conclusions: The rates of inappropriateness in the involved departments were relatively high. Further interventions should be designed and implemented, accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid industrialization and urbanization has caused large emission and potential contamination of mercury (Hg) in urban environment. However, little is known about the impact of socioeconomic factor on Hg accumulation in sediment. In the present study, historical record of anthropogenic Hg deposition of Shanghai was reconstructed by using three sediment cores from three park lakes (C1: Luxun Park; C2: Fuxing island Park; C3: Xinjiangwan Park). Meanwhile, the influence of socioeconomic factor to Hg emissions and sedimentary record was calculated based on an extended STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology) model. The profiles of Hg levels and fluxes in the three sediment cores showed that Shanghai has recently undergone urbanization. The anthropogenic Hg fluxes exhibited fluctuant increases from ∼1900 to present and accelerated after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 and the implementation of reform and opening up policy in 1978. The mean flux ratios of Hg in post-2000 were 2.2, 12, and 2.7 in the C1, C2 and C3 cores, respectively. The extended STIRPAT model was constructed based on strong positive relationships between socioeconomic factors and Hg fluxes, revealing that the proportion of coal consumption, the urbanization rate, and the proportion of heavy industry were the three most important driving factors for Hg accumulations in urban sediment of Shanghai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We examined the spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment from public parks in Shanghai. [•] Significantly higher Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were found in the sediment from the central urban core area. [•] The levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn showed strong associations with density of road network in Shanghai. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Rapid urbanization has caused potential pollution of heavy metal in Shanghai. A comprehensive pollution study of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in 35 lake surface sediments from city parks in the four different urbanized areas of Shanghai was conducted. Intensive human activities caused moderate enrichment of the four metals in highly urbanized areas, especially Cd with the significant enrichment in the central urban core area. However, the levels of the four metals in all the sediments were lower than the corresponding consensus-based Probable Effect Concentration, indicating adverse effects not to occur frequently. The integrated pollution assessments of multiple heavy metals also suggested low ecological risk and 15–29 percent probability of toxicity in most of sediments. The metal speciation analysis showed that Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were dominated by the non-residual fractions and thus they have high mobility and bioavailability, indicating significant anthropogenic sources. According to the Risk Assessment Code, Cd had the highest bioavailable fraction and represented high or very high risk, followed by Zn with medium or high risks in most of samples, while no or low risk was found for Cu and Pb at most sites because they were dominated by reducible and residual fractions. Correlation analysis showed that chemical fractions of heavy metals were prone to transform among each other if environmental conditions changed. Therefore, in view of anthropogenic inputs and speciation distribution, heavy metals with very high bioavailability at very low total levels and those with low bioavailability at very high total levels should not be ignored. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• 43.9 % of Shanghai roadside agricultural soils were PAHs contaminated. • Road grade impacted roadside agricultural soil PAH concentration and isomer profile. • Combustion of fossil fuels was the predominant source of PAHs in roadside farmland. • δ13C analysis revealed predominant contribution of traffic source to the heavily contaminated site. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in agricultural soils (n = 41) along Shanghai road net was systematically investigated to characterize pollution distribution and to apportion sources. Total PAH (Σ 16 PAH) concentrations in roadside agricultural soils varied from 17.2 to 3775 ng/g with an average of 339 ± 594 ng/g, 43.9 % of which corresponded to weakly - heavily contaminated levels. The spatial distribution of pollution hotspots depended on heavy traffic volume and intensive industrial activities in adjacent areas. A positive matrix factorization receptor model identified that vehicle emission and combustion of coal, biomass and natural gas were the predominant sources, accounting for 66.0 % and 23.7 % of Σ 16 PAH loadings, respectively. Stable carbon isotope analysis was applied for the first time in seven sites with high Σ 16 PAH concentrations for tracing their unique sources. It was concluded that PAHs in the heavily contaminated soil site G18 predominantly came from vehicle emission sources, different from the six other sites controlled by coal-processing and biomass combustion sources. Future studies should focus on quantifying the source contribution of PAHs in roadside agricultural soils based on the combination of multi-isotope approaches due to the data overlap of δ13C in certain sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the third Teachers of Psychiatry (TOP) Meeting held in the Asia-Pacific region in Shanghai on 14-15 October, 2011. It states that the meeting was organized by the Shanghai Mental Health Center and Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists with the theme, Evaluation to Improve Quality of Service, Education and Research.

Abstract Increasing PAHs pollution is creating more complex urban pollution system. However, the availability of sufficient monitoring activities for PAHs in multicompartment and corresponding multi-interface migration processes is still not well understood. In this study, a Level III steady state fugacity model was validated to evaluate the detailed local variations, and mass fluxes of PAHs in various environmental compartments (i.e. , air, soil, sediment, water, vegetation and organic film). This model was applied to a region of Shanghai in 2012 based on a large number of measured data and brings model predictions in 2020. The model results indicate that most of the simulated concentrations agreed with the observed values within one order of magnitude with a tendency of underestimation for vegetation. Direct emission is the main input pathway of PAHs entering the atmosphere, whereas advection is the main outward flow from Shanghai. Organic film was achieved the highest concentration of PAHs compared to other compartments up to 58.17 g/m3. The soil and sediment served as the greatest sinks of PAHs and have the longest retention time (2421.95–78642.09 h). Importantly, a decreasing trend of PAHs was observed in multimedia from 2012 to 2020 and the transfer flux from the air to vegetation to soil was the dominant pathways of BaP intermedia circulation processes. A sensitivity analysis showed that temperature was the most influential parameter, especially for Phe. A Monte Carlo simulation emphasized heavier PAHs were overpredicted in film and sediment, but lighter PAHs in air and water were generally underestimated. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Urban film was the compartment achieving the hotspots of PAHs. • Soil and sediment served as the greatest sinks for PAHs and highest persistence of PAHs. • Σ 16 PAHs concentrations in 2020 decreased considerably compared to that in 2012. • HMW-PAHs were dominant in multicompartments. • Temperature was the most influential parameter for the model output, especially for Phe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] PBDEs were detected in the majority of e-waste. [•] PBDEs were found in TVs made in China after 1990. [•] The levels of ΣPBDEs in e-waste made in Japan far exceed the threshold limit of RoHS. [•] The inappropriate recycling and disposal of e-waste is an important source of PBDEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]