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This paper explores the effects of performativity on the culture of a Scottish secondary school, Lochview High School. This is set against a backdrop of the Scottish education policy context which in recent years has been heavily focused on reducing the poverty-related attainment gap, namely through the Scottish Attainment Challenge (SAC). The analysis of the empirical data is supported by a cultural and ecological framework which emphasises the interwoven and complex nature of the school system. In particular, the paper provides a critique of accountability and performative agendas which often run counter to other national agendas, such as the SAC. Through observations, staff interviews (teachers and senior management), and student interviews, task-based activities and group discussions, the data suggests performative and accountability measures are inextricably woven through the education system within which Lochview is situated. Despite this, Lochview provides a case study of a school which successfully navigates competing agendas. However, it is not without its struggles, but the school community often finds rewards and benefits in the positive school culture which develops as a result of responding to the local community's needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth and spread of ubiquitous smart technology to deliver public health outcomes at home, and its relationship with risk, urgently requires greater scholarly attention, not least given COVID‐19. Theoretically informed by both critical geographies of home and risk scholarship, this paper uses data from interviews with professionals in Scotland designing and implementing technology enabled care (TEC) for current and future homes. It explores the organisation of risk in the context of TEC, and the importance of this in relation to home. Drawing on geographical writing on home, and the riskscape, I argue that the smart home is a contemporary manifestation of the riskscape with implications for ideas of intrusion and inequality, and the experience of home. Theoretically informed by both critical geographies of home and risk scholarship, this paper uses data from interviews with professionals in Scotland designing and implementing Technology‐Enabled‐Care (TEC) for current and future homes. It explores the organisation of risk in the context of TEC, and the importance of this in relation to home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets out proposals for the 'ideal' legal framework to address homelessness in Great Britain (GB), with potential lessons for other countries seeking to pursue rights-based approaches in this field. Exploiting the 'natural experiment' conditions generated by post-devolution divergence in key aspects of homelessness law, the paper draws on legal and social scientific learning from England, Scotland and Wales, as well as internationally, to formulate proposals for the optimal rights-based model. We argue that an ideal statutory homelessness system, situated in a less than ideal welfare and housing context, requires a balance to be struck between a robust set of individually-enforceable entitlements, on the one hand, and scope for pro-active, flexible approaches on the part of housing practitioners, on the other. The ten core principles we advance would therefore aim to combine the best of 'professional-centred' and 'rights-centred' social policy approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reflects upon the Deaf Heritage Collective, a collaborative project led by Edinburgh Napier University's Design for Heritage team and Heriot Watt's Centre for Translation And Interpreting Studies. The project aimed to advance discussion around the British Sign Language Act (Scottish Government 2015) and bring into being a network of Deaf communities and cultural heritage organisations committed to promoting BSL in public life. The aim of this paper is to contextualise the project and its creative approach within the distinctly Scottish context, and the ideals of critical heritage, critical design and the museum activist movement. This paper presents the context and creative processes by which we engaged participants in debate and the struggles we encountered. We describe these processes and the primacy of collaborative making as a mode of inquiry. We argue that by curating a workshop space where different types of knowledge were valorised and where participants were encouraged to "think with" materials (Rockwell and Mactavish 2004) we were able to challenge the balance of power between heritage professionals and members of the Deaf community. By harnessing the explanatory power of collaborative making we debated the assemblages of epistemic inequality, and the imagined futures of Deaf heritage in Scotland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information about the cervical cancer screening. Strong evidences prove that well-organized screening has decreased mortality in several countries including Finland, Sweden and Scotland. Failure in local screening programmes has been revealed by a review of the screening history of women who experiencing invasive cervical cancer.

Focuses on research publications from the department of general practice at Glasgow University in Scotland. Importance of publications in learning; Use of proper key words for computer reference systems; Tips to help contributors of medical journals.

Background: There is an international move towards greater integration of health and social care to cope with the increasing demand on services.. In Scotland, legislation was passed in 2014 to integrate adult health and social care services resulting in the formation of 31 Health and Social Care Partnerships (HSCPs). Greater integration does not eliminate resource scarcity and the requirement to make (resource) allocation decisions to meet the needs of local populations. There are different perspectives on how to facilitate and improve priority setting in health and social care organisations with limited resources, but structured processes at the local level are still not widely implemented. This paper reports on work with new HSCPs in Scotland to develop a combined multi-disciplinary priority setting and resource allocation framework. Methods: To develop the combined framework, a scoping review of the literature was conducted to determine the key principles and approaches to priority setting from economics, decision-analysis, ethics and law, and attempts to combine such approaches. Co-production of the combined framework involved a multi-disciplinary workshop including local, and national-level stakeholders and academics to discuss and gather their views. Results: The key findings from the literature review and the stakeholder workshop were taken to produce a final combined framework for priority setting and resource allocation. This is underpinned by principles from economics (opportunity cost), decision science (good decisions), ethics (justice) and law (fair procedures). It outlines key stages in the priority setting process, including: framing the question, looking at current use of resources, defining options and criteria, evaluating options and criteria, and reviewing each stage. Each of these has further sub-stages and includes a focus on how the combined framework interacts with the consultation and involvement of patients, public and the wider staff. Conclusions: The integration agenda for health and social care is an opportunity to develop and implement a combined framework for setting priorities and allocating resources fairly to meet the needs of the population. A key aim of both integration and the combined framework is to facilitate the shifting of resources from acute services to the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasingly salient policy innovation pursued by LGBT+ rights groups and socially liberal policy entrepreneurs is the right of trans people to bring their legally recorded sex in line with their lived gender by way of self‐identification. In response to these moves toward trans inclusion, a unique coalition of trans‐exclusionary (gender critical) feminists and traditionalist conservatives has emerged to challenge these reforms. This coalition of policy opponents, mirroring historical issue frames that present homosexuals as predatory sexual deviants, campaign on a salient issue frame that presents transgender individuals and the expansion of trans rights as an inimical threat to the security, safety, and welfare of (cisgender) women, particularly in single‐sex spaces. In this paper, we address two questions. First, we ask: do trans‐exclusionary "protect women" issue frames over the alleged threat of trans persons to (cis) women shape mass public opinion? Second, we ask: in a relatively LGBT+ friendly policy environment, who supports the right to self‐identification for trans individuals? We answer these questions via an original pre‐registered survey experiment embedded within the 2021 Scottish Election Study. We find that trans‐exclusionary issue frames appealing to (cis) women's safety significantly depress support for trans rights, particularly among women respondents. Highlighting these concerns is an effective means of increasing already robust opposition to reforms designed to improve the welfare of transgender individuals, which should be of concern for proponents of self‐identification policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Scotland, experimental and non-commercial art and music practices have long shared physical space, with a great deal of crossover between who is making visual art and music, as well as fluidity between artists and their audiences. Whilst Scotland's—and in particular Glasgow's—DIY scene and its history has been well documented by writers such as Sarah Lowndes and Hans Ulrich Obrist offering art-historical perspective, there has been less focus on the ways in which connections are embodied through music and sometimes experimental writing and publishing practices in these communities. This paper contains two qualitative studies of projects that operate within both visual art and music contexts: The Rhubaba Choir, an experimental choir attached to Edinburgh artist-run organisation Rhubaba and The Grass is Green in the Fields for You a small-press publishing project focused on music culture, run by Matthew Walkerdine. Working with a definition of DIY as an ethic or methodology rather than a style of production, it explores the philosophical overlap between DIY art and music practices as well as their differences and the influence they have had and continue to have on each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scotland is a small country with an education system whose roots lie within an inclusive and egalitarian approach to the education of young people. Subsequent legislation, policies, and curriculum frameworks have been influenced by this, and also by the international move toward equitable, inclusive, and quality lifelong learning for all. Supporting those who are highly able/gifted and talented against such a backdrop offers both opportunities and challenges. In this qualitative study, the Global Principles for Professional Learning in Gifted Education are used to interrogate recent key legislation; the current curriculum framework, Curriculum for Excellence, and the National Framework for Inclusion; to ascertain the extent to which this inclusive approach, on paper, affords in-class and school-based support for gifted and talented/highly able learners. The results indicate that the legislative and policy frameworks coalesce with the Global Principles. While legislation does not change practice, it does influence and shape practice, and so can be used as a springboard for developing dynamic, culturally appropriate opportunities for Scotland's gifted young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we delve into the opportunities and challenges of implementing municipal renewal as a national policy, especially in the context of local authorities' relationships with anchor institutions, civil society and the social economy. Drawing on the initiation of a national Community Wealth Building policy, as adopted by the Scottish Government in 2021, we review the extant literature to discuss the emerging challenges and opportunities for CWB as a form of 'New' Municipalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Scotland currently has the highest rates of drug-related deaths in Europe, so drug checking services are being explored due to their potential role in reducing these deaths and related harms. Drug checking services allow individuals to submit presumed psychoactive drug samples for analysis, and then receive individualised feedback and counselling. This paper explores participants' views on the advantages and challenges of three hypothetical service models, to inform future service delivery in Scotland. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 43 people: 27 professional stakeholders, 11 people with experience of drug use, and five family members across three cities. Vignettes were used to provide short descriptions of three hypothetical service models during the interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants identified advantages and challenges for each of the three potential service models. The third sector (not-for-profit) model was favoured overall by participants, and the NHS substance use treatment service was the least popular. Participants also noted that multiple drug checking sites within one city, along with outreach models would be advantageous, to meet the diverse needs of different groups of people who use drugs. Conclusions: Drug checking services need to be tailored to local context and needs, with a range of service models being possible, in order to meet the needs of a heterogeneous group of people who use drugs. Addressing issues around stigma, accessibility, and concerns about the potential impact of accessing drug checking on access to and outcomes of drug treatment, are essential for successful service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid renewable hydrogen energy systems could play a key role in delivering sustainable solutions for enabling the Net Zero ambition; however, the lack of exact computational modelling tools for sizing the integrated system components and simulating their real-world dynamic behaviour remains a key technical challenge against their widespread adoption. This paper addresses this challenge by developing a precise dynamic model that allows sizing the rated capacity of the hybrid system components and accurately simulating their real-world dynamic behaviour while considering effective energy management between the grid-integrated system components to ensure that the maximum possible proportion of energy demand is supplied from clean sources rather than the grid. The proposed hybrid system components involve a solar PV system, electrolyser, pressurised hydrogen storage tank and fuel cell. The developed hybrid system model incorporates a set of mathematical models for the individual system components. The developed precise dynamic model allows identifying the electrolyser's real-world hydrogen production levels in response to the input intermittent solar energy production while also simulating the electrochemical behaviour of the fuel cell and precisely quantifying its real-world output power and hydrogen consumption in response to load demand variations. Using a university campus case study building in Scotland, the effectiveness of the developed model has been assessed by benchmarking comparison between its results versus those obtained from a generic model in which the electrochemical characteristics of the electrolyser and fuel cell systems were not taken into consideration. Results from this comparison have demonstrated the potential of the developed model in simulating the real-world dynamic operation of hybrid solar hydrogen energy systems for grid-connected buildings while sizing the exact capacity of system components, avoiding oversizing associated with underutilisation costs and inaccurate simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a literature review of fuel and transport poverty in the U.K. with a focus on contextualising this challenge in Scotland. Building on the discussion in the literature, we see that the objective of policy interventions should be to provide a mechanism for identifying vulnerable households. First, we analyse the definitions of fuel, energy, and transport poverty and observe that definitions in policy have been used to limit the scope of the issue to make it more easily addressable. In contrast, academic research points out that fuel poverty should not only encompass all energy use, including household heating, but that transport poverty should be considered under the same umbrella as the drivers overlap. We then consider the indicators used to measure fuel and transport poverty, finding that the thresholds set are arbitrary and only measure one of many possible drivers, namely expenditure. Through an analysis of the drivers, it is clear that both fuel and transport poverty are complex multidimensional challenges requiring a combination of indicators to allow the policy to accurately identify vulnerable households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of infant mental health (IMH) services globally is still in its early stages. This qualitative study aims to understand the challenges of setting up IMH services and explores the views and experiences of 14 multi‐disciplinary stakeholders who are part of the IMH implementation group in a large Scottish health board. Six major themes were identified through thematic analysis. This paper examines the most prominent theme "Systems" alongside the theme "Gaps in Current Service". The theoretical framework of "candidacy" is found to be a valuable way to conceptualize the complex systemic layers of micro, meso, and macro factors that contribute to the challenges of setting up services. At the micro level, key themes included the view that services must be accessible, individualized, and involve families. At the meso level, in line with the aims of the service, multiagency integration, aspects of early intervention, and clear operating conditions were all seen as important. Finally, at the macro level, perhaps the biggest challenge perceived by stakeholders is delivering a service that is entirely infant‐focused. These findings will help inform policy makers about factors considered by professionals to be vital in the establishment of IMH services in Scotland and across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper assesses the value of high temporal frequency satellite data with various spatial sampling resolutions for multi‐scalar historic environment survey and management use cases in Scotland, specifically for broad‐brush landscape characterisation, for monitoring the condition of monuments and for the discovery of otherwise unknown sites. Dealing with a part of the world where applications of satellite imagery are almost entirely unexplored, this study takes a real‐world approach, which foregrounds the purpose at hand rather than presenting a case study from an optimal setting. The study highlights the importance of detailed imagery to support interpretation in some instances, and the challenges of obtaining time‐critical optical imagery in a part of the world that experiences significant periods of cloud cover. The real‐world availability of data in such settings is assessed, highlighting that even with daily revisits, useable imagery cannot be guaranteed. The implications of current and past tasking patterns for availability of high‐resolution data now and in the future are discussed. The study identifies the complementary roles that satellite imagery can fulfil, while identifying the limitations that remain to fuller applications of such data, in a study that will be relevant to many parts of Europe and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last three decades, a major shift has taken place in Scottish nationalist understandings of Scotland's colonial past. During the second half of the twentieth century, independence supporters viewed Scotland's relationship with England in colonial terms. Since the Scottish Parliament was established in 1999, nationalists have increasingly recognised Scots' role in Atlantic slavery. This paper explores this change within the Scottish National Party (SNP) using archival sources, published material and Scottish Parliamentary records. It demonstrates that a maturing historiography has drawn attention to Scotland's slavery past. History has become politically relevant in transatlantic deliberations over racial injustice, which have grown in intensity since the international Black Lives Matter protests in 2020. SNP ministers and parliamentarians have responded to this context by incorporating addressing Scotland's role in Atlantic slavery within a case for independence that is styled as progressive and contrasts with the more recalcitrant attitudes, which predominate at UK level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-remain areas saw greater increases hate crimes; (3) it assesses the role of demographic characterises on the variation in hate crime; (4) it compares the effect of the vote with other 'trigger events'; and (5) it uses social media data to control for variation in hate crime victim and witness reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we use a UK case study to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health (emotional, psychological, social wellbeing) of farmers. We outline the drivers of poor farming mental health, the manifold impacts of the pandemic at a time of policy and environmental change, and identify lessons that can be learned to develop resilience in farming communities against future shocks. We undertook a survey answered by 207 farmers across the UK, focusing on drivers of poor mental health and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also conducted 22 in-depth interviews with individuals in England, Scotland and Wales who provide mental health support to farmers. These explored how and why the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of farmers. These interviews were supplemented by 93 survey responses from a similar group of support providers (UK-wide). We found that the pandemic exacerbated underlying drivers of poor mental health and wellbeing in farming communities. 67% of farmers surveyed reported feeling more stressed, 63% felt more anxious, 38% felt more depressed, and 12% felt more suicidal. The primary drivers of poor mental health identified by farmers during the pandemic included decreased social contact and loneliness, issues with the general public on private land, and moving online for social events. Support providers also highlighted relationship and financial issues, illness, and government inspections as drivers of poor mental health. Some farmers, conversely, outlined positive impacts of the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is just one of many potential stressors associated with poor farming mental health and its impacts are likely to be long-lasting and delayed. Multiple stressors affecting farmers at the same time can create a tipping point. Therefore, there is a need for long-term support and ongoing evaluation of the drivers of poor mental health in farming families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper investigates the information behaviour of creative DJs, a group previously not considered from the perspective of information studies. The practice of DJing is a musically creative process, where a performance can draw on a vast range of music to create a unique listening and dancing experience. The authors study what are the information behaviour processes involved in creative DJing and what roles embodied information play in DJing practice. Design/methodology/approach: From a set of semi-structured interviews with 12 experienced DJs in Scotland, UK, that were subjected to inductive thematic analysis, the authors present a model of how DJs undergo the process of planning, performing and evaluating a DJ performance. Findings: From this study, a model of creative DJs' information behaviour is presented. This three-stage model describes the information behaviours and critical factors that influence DJs' planning, decision-making and verification during the pre-performance, performance and post-performance stages, with particular emphasis on DJs' performances as a rich site of embodied information interactions. Originality/value: This research provides insight into a new activity in information behaviour, particularly in the use of embodied information, and presents a model for the information behaviour of creative DJs. This opens the way for future studies to consider minorities within the activity, the audience as opposed to the performer, as well as other creative activities where physicality and performance are central. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to bring to the foreground someone who, through her own choice, sought to remain the background in the development of the worldwide Camphill Movement - Tilla Konig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article takes the intersection of biography and humanitarianism to explore the life of Lady Helen Munro Ferguson who played a significant leadership role in women's activism in Britain in the early twentieth century including the Red Cross in Scotland and Australia. The paper explores the problems of constructing a biographical narrative of a leading female humanitarian when there is no personal collection or memoir and limited sources. How do organisational records affect our interpretation and what role does gender play? Could speculative biography help in bringing to life a woman of note but lost to time? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Educational Science / Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Documentary research in education can often be overlooked as an approach to exploring policy and practice issues, particularly for dissertation research projects. However, a range of documents can offer valuable data. In particular, school inspection documentation can be an illuminating and accessible source. Building on my recent research and teaching experiences, this paper provides a guide to utilising school inspection documentation from the Scottish context as primary sources for research dissertations in education and other disciplines. The intention is to support students and researchers undertaking research projects to navigate these sources confidently and to enable them to develop insightful analyses and discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fermentation captures both the meaning of culture and nature in a process of food transformation. Food heritages and landscapes protect and promote 'food' as part of the cultural and environmental values of places. Food tourists aim to discover places through its food, and the values attached to food production and consumption. This research note explores the unexplored relationship between fermentation and food from a tourism perspective. The production and consumption spaces represent avenues towards the process of attaching tourism values to fermentation, which are manifested in products such as bread and beverages such as beer, and also have a strong connection with places such as cheese in Italy and whisky in Scotland. Drawing from the understanding of fermentation as a source of authenticity in food and beverage tourism, the paper is the first to discuss the values of fermentation as a place-based expression to develop the link between food and tourism. This offers theoretical and practical implications of fermenting tourism and opens new opportunities to expand the understanding of the role that people, places and practices play in food tourism spaces. The research note also anticipates the crucial role of fermenting tourism in food tourism management and marketing in the context of regenerative and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies documented collections of red-sulphur gem casts by Christian Dehn (1696–1770) that have survived unrecognized in three British country houses: Burton Constable in Yorkshire, Burghley House in Lincolnshire, and Mountstuart on the Isle of Bute in Scotland. All three collections resulted from Grand Tours to Italy, where, in Rome, Dehn's workshop supplied bespoke collections of casts representing engraved gemstones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study, adopting a knowledge perspective, aims to explore how small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engage in service innovation by implementing design thinking. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research methodology and a multiple case study strategy were adopted on account of the exploratory nature of this study. Three cases based in Scotland have been selected. Data were collected from staff, managers and researchers who participated in Create Cultures of Innovation (CCoI), a project sponsored by the Scottish government. Findings: The research shows that SMEs can be enabled, through design-led interventions, to think collaboratively and leverage knowledge to achieve service innovation. Research limitations/implications: This research contributes to the service innovation literature by theorising an integrated research framework of "Knowledge exchange in SMEs service innovation with design thinking". Further, this study enriches the extant understanding of service innovation in the traditional sector (manufacturing and hospitality) and redefines the roles and relations of the dimensions of service innovation. Practical implications: This study addresses the call on tools and methods for servitisation, suggesting that changing the culture and mindsets of both the top management and the staff are critical for the success of servitisation and the implementation of design thinking. In addition, this research suggests the need to embed design thinking within the leadership prior to rolling it out to the wider public. Support from the top management should focus on both the engagement of staff and the changing of vision from product to service-focused. Originality/value: This paper gets together service innovation, design thinking and knowledge exchange in the context of manufacturing SMEs offering novel insights into how to succeed in servitisation with the implementation of design thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper focuses on the social-cultural profile of Romanians that live in Scotland, targeting the intercultural dialogue and the activities that the Romanian community upheld to promote and maintain national culture and values. Previous studies (Abraham, Burcea, Marcovici, Șufaru, 2019, 25) were conducted on the immigration of Romanians in other countries, such as Spain (Brădățan, Sandu, 2012, 221) or Italy (Metro Media Transylvania and Agency for Governmental Strategies), though we are unaware of a representative study on Romanians in Scotland. The purpose of the current research is to investigate whether for these expats “to be Romanian” is a stigma and therefore they assimilate into the local culture as much as possible or is the process of acculturation like “to be a Romanian in Scotland” which means to assert your own identity and transmit the future generation the tradition, customs, values? To find out, a face-to-face questionnaire was applied which is a useful method to discover the opinions, attitudes, behaviours and other aspects at an individual level connected by a diversity of subjects and themes. The sampling technique used for the selection of the subjects to be interviewed was the snowball method, a non‑predictability one. The sample identified a limited number of expats, which is a huge limitation of the research, just as the limited period of only three months for the study to be conducted. Nonetheless, we managed to identify the fact that the national identity in the adopted country is still maintained for the adults that chose to emigrate, but less to the offspring born and educated in the adoptive country. The present research would be the tipping point of further research that ought to investigate in-depth the stigma matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we assess the relationship between how women access the land they farm, and their farming identities, roles, and future succession plans. Utilizing a Bourdieusian approach, we conceptualize inheritance of farmland as a long‐term process of symbolic and economic investment. We conducted a cohort analysis of women living or working on farms in Scotland, UK who (a) were or were not raised on farms; and (b) bought into or inherited agricultural land (directly or through their spouses). Data comprised on‐line survey responses, qualitative interviews and focus groups. Analysis demonstrated that women who were raised on farms and either inherited farms or established new farms, were more likely to identify themselves as farmers, engage in machinery work and identify female successors. Women who accessed farmland through marriage tended to engage in more home‐making tasks, to identify themselves as farmers' wives, and to occupy larger farms. These largest, potentially most viable farms thus continue to be inherited by men. However, when women inherit farms, a step change occurs, where daughters are much more likely to be identified as future successors. Enabling women raised on farms to inherit and/or establish new farms is thus critical to altering patriarchal succession cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Queer safe space is commonly understood simply as space that is safe for queer people. In this paper we seek to develop a more nuanced conceptualisation of queer safe space attuned to how the process of creating space as simultaneously queer space and safe space can mean making compromises with both safety and queerness. Our research uses a case study of 'Free Pride' a grassroots LGBT Pride group in Glasgow, Scotland that sought to create a radical and inclusive event space, particularly for transgender people, but attracted controversy when it banned drag performers from the event, before reversing this decision. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the organizers of Free Pride, alongside online statements collected from those involved in the controversy, we show how the contradictions and complexities that arose from the group's decision and its reversal highlights the contested political underpinnings of contemporary Pride events and the potentially fraught relations that can exist between certain identities within LGBT communities. Ultimately, Free Pride's decision-making raised questions over how queer people relate to one another at Pride events, the inclusiveness of drag for trans identities, and the importance of seeing and being with one another in Pride spaces. We argue that although the process of queer space-making involved these complex and contradictory negotiations between safety and queerness, Free Pride ultimately created a queer safe space focused on queer collectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mortality in asylum populations increased during World War I. This paper seeks to analyse the mortality data from Scotland, where governmental statistics allow comparison between different lunacy institutions, poorhouses and prisons, as well as people certified under lunacy legislation but living in the community. Detailed study is made of two Lothian asylums, the Royal Edinburgh Asylum and the Midlothian and Peebles District Asylum, and the 1918 influenza pandemic is considered in the asylum context. Similarities and differences between the situation in Scotland and that in England and Wales are discussed, and parallels are drawn with the Covid-19 pandemic in Scotland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This paper presents a study investigating factors underpinning EP training in Scotland and the impact of these on trainee Educational Psychology learning and development. It draws on second-generation Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) (Engeström, 2001) and activity system analysis (Yagamata-Lynch, 2010) to consider the organizational, social, cultural and historical factors that have influenced the current training programme. Method: The views of six stakeholder groups were gathered via on-line questionnaire (lecturers, guest speakers, trainees, Educational Psychology (EP) managers, EP practice supervisors, and governance-level professionals). Analysis of qualitative data was undertaken first via thematic analysis and then CHAT analysis. Findings: Findings indicate that trainees, lecturers and practitioners have a sophisticated understanding of the dialogic, reflective, relational and collaborative aspects of trainee learning on placement and at university. However, contradictions between elements of the training activity system may hinder optimal delivery of training and governance of the training partnership. These include: (a) ‘clunky 2-stage model (tool) versus clarity of roles in delivery and governance of the training programme’, (b) Clunky 2-stage model versus optimal trainee experience in year 3 of training, (c) university/professional standards versus contractual/funding obligations versus quality of trainee experience. These finding suggests potential for expansive development as all six stakeholder groups emphasised the need to move to a three-year doctoral programme. Barriers to this are considered as the primary contradiction in EP training in relation to cost/ benefits for each stakeholder group invested in the training partnership. Limitations: The views of some stakeholders in the training partnership such as local authority and government representatives were not included in the study and inclusion of those using DWR methodology could have enabled discussion on sustainable transformation in the training model. Conclusions: A nuanced CHAT analysis of trainee learning and development and the broader partnership model of training in Scotland has not been studied in this way before and therefore makes a significant contribution to research in this area. The findings and insights of this study may provide evidence to policy-makers and budget holders to support decision making around development of future training programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim(s): The aim of this paper is to provide a reflective account of using Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and Developmental Work Research (DWR) when exploring the research culture of one EP service in Scotland. Method/Rationale: Previous research completed within the Educational Psychology Service (EPS) recommended to explore in more detail how Educational Psychologist’s (EPs) were engaging with research. Thus, three DWR workshops based on the principles of CHAT and the cycle of expansive learning (Engeström, 2015) acted as in intervention to achieve this. Each of these workshops lasted a half day and created a discourse around the role of research in our service delivery. Findings: Key insights from using DWR as a means of furthering organisational change are presented. These include the unique benefits that CHAT and DWR bring to complex systems as opposed to other approaches and how collective learning during the workshops led to a concrete outcome for the EPS. I will argue for the benefits of using DWR to reconceptualise persistent tensions within the profession whilst reflecting on the difficulties of applying these methodologies to practice. Limitations: Colleagues provided positive feedback from the process but there were little in-built methods of evaluation during the workshops. Furthermore, this was my first attempt at utilising DWR to elicit change and so the main stages of DWR were not fully explored. Conclusion: DWR offers a framework to reconceptualise persistent tensions within organisations. Its collaborative approach, grounded in psychology, allows for co-production of goals and for articulation of the EP role with regards to research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we assess the relationship between how women access the land they farm, and their farming identities, roles, and future succession plans. Utilizing a Bourdieusian approach, we conceptualize inheritance of farmland as a long‐term process of symbolic and economic investment. We conducted a cohort analysis of women living or working on farms in Scotland, UK who (a) were or were not raised on farms; and (b) bought into or inherited agricultural land (directly or through their spouses). Data comprised on‐line survey responses, qualitative interviews and focus groups. Analysis demonstrated that women who were raised on farms and either inherited farms or established new farms, were more likely to identify themselves as farmers, engage in machinery work and identify female successors. Women who accessed farmland through marriage tended to engage in more home‐making tasks, to identify themselves as farmers' wives, and to occupy larger farms. These largest, potentially most viable farms thus continue to be inherited by men. However, when women inherit farms, a step change occurs, where daughters are much more likely to be identified as future successors. Enabling women raised on farms to inherit and/or establish new farms is thus critical to altering patriarchal succession cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Part 2 of this article continues its investigation into the relationships between Scots and Italy, as seen through books of friendship, by considering additional socioprofessional categories beyond the academic and military worlds. Among the political activists considered is David Graham of Fintry, a Marian and member of the Catholic party, whose album is studied in great depth. It is a key document for our further knowledge of his activities as a courier and intelligencer for Scottish Catholic interests in Europe and adds to the scholarly understanding of his political involvement in the Counter-Reformation. More broadly speaking, friendship albums shed light on Scottish activists' politico-religious networking processes and their connections with middle-ranking and regional intermediaries, at times in key locations or seats of power. As with the military officers studied in Part 1, it transpires from these contacts that there were lighter moments for artistic and cultural activities or edification. In correlation, the few ecclesiastical contributions studied in this paper cast light on a fluid matrix of information and networks and highlight their potential influences, both negative and positive. Indeed, there were risks involved in being in contact with dubious characters, whereas tapping into a rich circle of contacts with courtiers could present opportunities and patronage. For Scottish scientists, the genre of alba amicorum is particularly important, not so much to highlight their side activities as to lay the foundations for their subsequent careers and establish the potential links and backgrounds that underscore their subsequent scientific tasks, achievements, and modus operandi in their professional roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern historiography of Scots in Italy has been relatively ill-served, which the present article seeks to redress in a limited way. The study of alba amicorum can be a great tool to assist in uncovering these peregrinating Scots, who went beyond the Alps and enhanced early modern Italian studies at various cultural, educational, and linguistic levels. Grouped under socioprofessional categories, the first part of the article explores the academic world and military officers from the emergence of the tradition of album keeping in the 1540s right through to the first third of the eighteenth century, when new developments and tendencies shaped the album to the current poetry album. This paper shows that the phenomenon of Scottish students attending European universities and higher institutions was larger than previously thought among members of the gentry and nobility. These written mementoes illustrate a broader conception of education, both within academic institutions and outwith them. In correlation, Scotsmen took up posts as pedagogues and educators, but in these teaching roles, with one major exception, they have not been scrutinized properly for their careers in Scotland, let alone abroad on the Continent, including as tertiary educators at Catholic and Protestant universities and academies. As for Scottish officers, a facet of their personalities predominates that is distinct from their usually underlined military skills. Instead, within these alba, erudition and linguistic skills come through, and these contributions address other noncombative interests and investments, such as sociocultural experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the concept of intersectionality to think about the ways people negotiate diversity on a daily basis in Glasgow, Scotland. The paper draws on ethnographic fieldwork, in‐depth interviews and focus groups carried out in semi‐formal spaces such as public libraries, community‐centres and local cafes. Discussing the ways in which people speak about their experiences of encountering others across ethnicity, age, gender, religion, and class, the paper examines situations where different positionalities interconnect to produce mundane and fleeting moments of relation. Despite tensions, misunderstandings and moments of uneasiness, the paper finds that connections and relations are built. Set in the political context of contemporary Scotland, the paper argues that being together in diversity can be a decisive act that marks the everyday as political. It contends that an openness to and through these intersectional relations can counteract notions of crisis and emergency normatively constructed around issues of immigration and multiculturalism in Scotland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Market and institutional shocks and upheaval, brought about by political, economic and social changes, have the potential to generate significant corporate restructuring. Foreign subsidiaries are particularly vulnerable to such impacts given the embeddedness of parent companies in their home countries, with the potential for disinvestment and regional decoupling. This paper examines the impact of the Brexit vote and negotiation period on UK-based foreign subsidiaries in the software and software-related sectors in Scotland and South East England. This firm-centric approach follows recent evolutionary thinking that restates the importance of examining the firm as a means by which to understand how regions respond to such disturbances. Rather than simply examine impact, the paper is concerned with why the scope and scale of impacts are mediated by particular corporate and global production networks (GPN) processes. Key to this is the examination of the importance of the value creation corporate role and degree of replication within the corporation (specificity), the GPN spatial configuration, and the markets that subsidiaries are mandated to serve. The paper concludes that a variety of impacts are evident, but that notable negative consequences have arisen for subsidiaries with low corporate specificity, working through European Union (EU)-configured GPNs, and serving European markets. These negative impacts are more notable in Scotland, compared with South East England where a large minority have experienced no detrimental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the case for a focus on place-based drivers of inequalities in educational attainment among secondary school students in Scotland. Using desk-based sources, it provides an account of the post-2015 policy episode around improving educational attainment among children from disadvantaged areas. This started with the Scottish Government claiming that its 'defining mission' was to 'close the gap' but the place-based focus of policy was soon dissipated and the legislation that intended to be the flagship of reform was shelved. The paper shows that international evidence prompts a need for the impact of disadvantage based on place to be factored into approaches to schooling and provides a regretful account of its insecure traction in Scottish policy. It argues that a serious weakness of the case for place in Scotland is the underlying evidence base and concludes by suggesting how existing data sources could be used more effectively and by outlining some alternative policy approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This debate article provides a critical examination of the rationale for, and validity of, mission-oriented innovation policies. It does so by providing a critique of the 'mission-oriented' approach espoused for the new Scottish National Investment Bank (SNIB). The central contention put forward in this paper is that its mission-oriented approach constitutes 'fuzzy' policy making which is highly opaque, lacking sufficient detail and fails to align itself properly with the demand conditions within the Scottish innovation system. Arguably, this policy approach could result in significant policy path dependencies which could further reinforce (rather than reverse) the inherent weaknesses within the Scottish innovation system. The paper outlines an alternative 'diffusion-oriented' approach which seems better equipped at overcoming the entrenched 'low productivity, low innovation equilibrium' evident in Scotland. Regional innovation policy must be properly customized to ensure new agencies are effectively tailored and aligned to the demand conditions within their local innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In short, policy should be context-led rather than mission-led. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the throes of unfolding climate disaster, we are at a planetary crossroads of profound industrial transformation. This paper argues that tackling the problem of unsustainable growth is crucial in order to mitigate the worst effects of the ecological crisis, and that proposals for decarbonisation, degrowth, and just transitions should be connected. Decarbonisation has become an urgent priority in the global climate race to reach zero emissions by 2050. However, despite increasing net zero pledges from governments, cities, and corporations, the imperative for perpetual economic growth still remains integral to global capitalism. The degrowth movement challenges the dominant paradigm of economic growth and promotes non-marketized ways of living and working, but it remains outside of mainstream economic policies and has little resonance for deindustrialized and marginalized communities. Decarbonisation faces considerable barriers due to embedded interests in fossil fuel-dependent growth. This paper examines one of the key growth obstacles to transitioning away from fossil fuels: the multiscalar problem of petrochemical lock-in, related to growing global demand for carbon-intensive plastics consumption, the use of petrochemicals in green technologies, and regional and local economic dependencies. It focuses on the emblematic case of the petrochemical town of Grangemouth in Scotland, where there is government pressure to pursue growth-led decarbonisation, and local residents and workers have started to question their dependence on fossil fuels, amidst tremendous gaps between local social and economic deprivation and petrochemical industry profits. Rather than considering the need for just transitions only after the loss of industrial jobs, visions for just petrochemical transformations need to be more proactive, speaking to wider degrowth themes of well-being, community participation, and prosperity without extractive growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One emerging trend in sustainable medium-density construction is the use of mass timber products such as cross laminated timber (CLT), which is a novel approach that involves numerous connectors. Researchers have not previously investigated the potential health impacts of different connectors. This paper proposes a framework to correlate the specification of CLT connectors to the potential risk of exposure to hand arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). We also propose an innovative adaptation of the Location-Based Management System flow line by adding a health risk dimension. The usefulness of the proposed framework is tested using a cutting-edge case study building, the tallest timber building in Scotland. The contribution of this research is a novel appreciation of the impact on installers' Health & Safety based on the specified type of CLT connectors. With the methodology outlined in this paper, a HAVS variable can be added to design analysis to increase social sustainability in the built environment alongside other sustainability pillars. The findings are relevant to structural engineers, architects, key industry stakeholders, and researchers in the built environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper finds that social differentiation in flood impacts is relatively small soon after a flood, with some surprising results such as professionals and homeowners badly affected in the short‐term – but widens over time, with socially disadvantaged groups displaying less recovery. The paper concludes that vulnerability and resilience to flooding are sensitive to financial resources, institutional support (chiefly from a landlord), and capacity to deal with disruption (chiefly time availability, which is low among professionals and high among retired people). An implication of these findings is that existing indices of flood vulnerability that use multiple measures of social deprivation should be used with caution, as not all conventional aspects of social deprivation are necessarily associated with greater vulnerability to flood impacts. This paper reports household questionnaire survey results on vulnerability and resilience to flooding from one of the largest and most representative samples (n = 593) of households up to 12 years after they were flooded, and is one of the first to provide detailed analysis of social differentiation in long‐term flood impacts. A novel finding is that social differentiation in flood impacts is relatively small soon after a flood, but widens over time, with socially disadvantaged groups displaying less recovery. The patterns of social differentiation in vulnerability and resilience to flooding differ markedly according to the type and timescale of the impact, with some normally socially advantaged groups (e.g., professionals and homeowners) being most vulnerable to short‐term impacts. Consistent with some existing studies, we found that older residents (age 70+) have greater resilience to flood impacts, although our sample may not capture the frailest individuals. As in previous research, low income is linked to lower resilience, particularly in the long term. We find that prior experience of flooding, despite enhancing preparedness, overall erodes rather than enhances resilience to flooding. Flood warnings are effective at reducing vulnerability to short‐term impacts. Underlying influences on resilience to natural disasters are complex and may only be revealed by multivariate analysis and not always be evident in simple observed patterns. The paper concludes that vulnerability and resilience to flooding are sensitive to financial resources, institutional support (chiefly from a landlord), and capacity to deal with disruption (chiefly time availability, which is low among professionals and high among retired people). An implication of these findings is that existing indices of flood vulnerability that use multiple measures of social deprivation should be used with caution, as not all conventional aspects of social deprivation are necessarily associated with greater vulnerability to flood impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the four UK jurisdictions, there are distinct disparities in exclusion rates of school students. Northern Ireland, alongside Scotland and Wales, has demonstrated over time, lower rates of permanent exclusions and temporary exclusions compared with England. This paper examines these disparities from the perspectives of representatives from various system-level educational bodies and third sector organisations representing children and families who experienced the exclusion process. The paper will also present policy and legal frameworks associated with exclusion in Northern Ireland. We interviewed 9 stakeholders, associated with practices of school exclusion in Northern Ireland, from a range of system-level education bodies and advocacy groups. Findings include positive strategies perceived to keep exclusion levels low, types of obstacles or resistance to anti-exclusion policy, participants' perspectives on unofficial exclusion practice, and perspectives on official exclusion data. What emerges from interviews is a series of tensions between implementing a child-centred approach and diminishing support services and resources. We conclude that those working within the Northern Ireland education system, are committed to an inclusive approach. However, the development and implementation of effective supporting frameworks take time and consultation, and there is evidence of tension between the perceptions of those working at a system-level and those working in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the widespread ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, children continue to struggle to have their participation rights recognised and supported. This is evident within family law, where despite sometimes progressive and strong legislation, children's views are often not heard, nor given due weight, when parent-child contact is contested within the courts. This paper explores barriers to children's participation rights being realised. It uses Scotland as the example, due to its strong legal safeguards and mechanisms that aim to support participation rights. The paper draws on recent empirical research with legal professionals, combined with an analysis of reported case law and relevant literature, to explore the barriers 'on the ground' for children's participation rights. Through our analysis, we offer new ways to conceptualise the notion of influence in children's participation rights in family actions. We offer the conceptual devices of 'the influenced child' and 'the influential child' to elucidate how children's participation rights are restricted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Viking Age in Scotland: Studies in Scottish Scandinavian Archaeology" is a book that emerged from a conference held at the University of Glasgow in 2018. The book contains 26 thematic papers written by scholars from the UK and abroad, providing an accessible introduction to key archaeological material, sites, and concepts related to the Viking Age in Scotland. The papers cover various topics, including the arrival of the Vikings, Native-Norse interactions, burial practices, settlement patterns, economics and exchange, environmental data, and political power in the landscape. The book offers a balanced view of the relationships between the native population and the Vikings, challenging previous assumptions. It also showcases new fields of study and theoretical approaches, making it a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in Viking-Age Scotland. [Extracted from the article]